Evaluation of root canal morphology of mandibular premolars in Pakistani population using the new classification: a CBCT study

Abstract Background A comprehensive understanding of the root form and canal anatomy is essential for successful endodontic treatment. This study aimed to evaluate the root canal anatomy of mandibular premolars in the Pakistani population using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) and to classify th...

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Main Authors: Hamza Arshad, Fatima Zahra, Nighat Naved, Taimur Khalid, Azhar Iqbal, Mohmed Isaqali Karobari, Irfan Maqbool, Fahad Umer
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2024-11-01
Series:BMC Oral Health
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12903-024-05149-x
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author Hamza Arshad
Fatima Zahra
Nighat Naved
Taimur Khalid
Azhar Iqbal
Mohmed Isaqali Karobari
Irfan Maqbool
Fahad Umer
author_facet Hamza Arshad
Fatima Zahra
Nighat Naved
Taimur Khalid
Azhar Iqbal
Mohmed Isaqali Karobari
Irfan Maqbool
Fahad Umer
author_sort Hamza Arshad
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Background A comprehensive understanding of the root form and canal anatomy is essential for successful endodontic treatment. This study aimed to evaluate the root canal anatomy of mandibular premolars in the Pakistani population using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) and to classify the findings with the new classification proposed by Ahmed et al. Methods Ethical exemption was obtained from Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi. A total of 707 CBCT scans from Karachi and Lahore were included, comprising 592 scans from a tertiary care hospital in Karachi and 115 scans from a radiology center in Lahore. The study focused on sound, fully formed mandibular first and second premolars, excluding those with significant caries, restorations, or prior root canal treatments. Scans from different equipment were used, and calibration was achieved between a specialist endodontist and two dental residents. Data was analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software, version 26. Descriptive statistics, Chi-square tests to determine association between the variables, and a significance level set at 5% (p <0.05) were utilized. Results A total of 2403 mandibular premolars were analyzed. The most common configuration was 1MPM1 (82.90%), with rare variations such as 1MPM1−3–1 (0.04%) and 2MPM1 B1 L2 (0.04%). Single-rooted premolars were predominant (98.87%), and no significant differences were observed when data was stratified by age or gender. Conclusions This is the first study in Pakistan involving multiple centers and using the classification system by Ahmed et al. to understand the anatomy of mandibular premolars. The findings indicate that while most premolars have a single root and canal, variations exist. These variations highlight the importance of understanding canal morphology for improving the success of endodontic treatment. Future studies should include a larger and more diverse dataset to fully represent the Pakistani population.
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spelling doaj-art-b8cd87940ec94ddaa03f68247a85cc882025-08-20T02:33:04ZengBMCBMC Oral Health1472-68312024-11-0124111210.1186/s12903-024-05149-xEvaluation of root canal morphology of mandibular premolars in Pakistani population using the new classification: a CBCT studyHamza Arshad0Fatima Zahra1Nighat Naved2Taimur Khalid3Azhar Iqbal4Mohmed Isaqali Karobari5Irfan MaqboolFahad Umer6Department of Surgery, Aga Khan UniversityDepartment of Surgery, Aga Khan UniversityDepartment of Surgery, Aga Khan UniversityDepartment of Surgery, Aga Khan UniversityDepartment of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Jouf UniversityDepartment of Dental Research, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical SciencesDepartment of Surgery, Aga Khan UniversityAbstract Background A comprehensive understanding of the root form and canal anatomy is essential for successful endodontic treatment. This study aimed to evaluate the root canal anatomy of mandibular premolars in the Pakistani population using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) and to classify the findings with the new classification proposed by Ahmed et al. Methods Ethical exemption was obtained from Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi. A total of 707 CBCT scans from Karachi and Lahore were included, comprising 592 scans from a tertiary care hospital in Karachi and 115 scans from a radiology center in Lahore. The study focused on sound, fully formed mandibular first and second premolars, excluding those with significant caries, restorations, or prior root canal treatments. Scans from different equipment were used, and calibration was achieved between a specialist endodontist and two dental residents. Data was analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software, version 26. Descriptive statistics, Chi-square tests to determine association between the variables, and a significance level set at 5% (p <0.05) were utilized. Results A total of 2403 mandibular premolars were analyzed. The most common configuration was 1MPM1 (82.90%), with rare variations such as 1MPM1−3–1 (0.04%) and 2MPM1 B1 L2 (0.04%). Single-rooted premolars were predominant (98.87%), and no significant differences were observed when data was stratified by age or gender. Conclusions This is the first study in Pakistan involving multiple centers and using the classification system by Ahmed et al. to understand the anatomy of mandibular premolars. The findings indicate that while most premolars have a single root and canal, variations exist. These variations highlight the importance of understanding canal morphology for improving the success of endodontic treatment. Future studies should include a larger and more diverse dataset to fully represent the Pakistani population.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12903-024-05149-xRoot canal anatomyCBCTMandibular premolarsRoot canal variations
spellingShingle Hamza Arshad
Fatima Zahra
Nighat Naved
Taimur Khalid
Azhar Iqbal
Mohmed Isaqali Karobari
Irfan Maqbool
Fahad Umer
Evaluation of root canal morphology of mandibular premolars in Pakistani population using the new classification: a CBCT study
BMC Oral Health
Root canal anatomy
CBCT
Mandibular premolars
Root canal variations
title Evaluation of root canal morphology of mandibular premolars in Pakistani population using the new classification: a CBCT study
title_full Evaluation of root canal morphology of mandibular premolars in Pakistani population using the new classification: a CBCT study
title_fullStr Evaluation of root canal morphology of mandibular premolars in Pakistani population using the new classification: a CBCT study
title_full_unstemmed Evaluation of root canal morphology of mandibular premolars in Pakistani population using the new classification: a CBCT study
title_short Evaluation of root canal morphology of mandibular premolars in Pakistani population using the new classification: a CBCT study
title_sort evaluation of root canal morphology of mandibular premolars in pakistani population using the new classification a cbct study
topic Root canal anatomy
CBCT
Mandibular premolars
Root canal variations
url https://doi.org/10.1186/s12903-024-05149-x
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