Dispersoid evolution in Al–Zn–Mg alloys by combined addition of Hf and Zr: A mechanistic approach

Coherent Al3X-type L12-structured dispersoids have the potential of effectively stabilizing the grain structure and increasing strength. This concept has been successfully demonstrated for non-hardenable and rapidly solidified Al alloys. In precipitation-hardened Al alloys, effective dispersoid addi...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: V. Wessely, U. Töpfer, I. Basu, R.E. Schäublin, S. Pogatscher, P.J. Uggowitzer, J.F. Löffler
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2024-11-01
Series:Materials & Design
Subjects:
Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S026412752400741X
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850177658521911296
author V. Wessely
U. Töpfer
I. Basu
R.E. Schäublin
S. Pogatscher
P.J. Uggowitzer
J.F. Löffler
author_facet V. Wessely
U. Töpfer
I. Basu
R.E. Schäublin
S. Pogatscher
P.J. Uggowitzer
J.F. Löffler
author_sort V. Wessely
collection DOAJ
description Coherent Al3X-type L12-structured dispersoids have the potential of effectively stabilizing the grain structure and increasing strength. This concept has been successfully demonstrated for non-hardenable and rapidly solidified Al alloys. In precipitation-hardened Al alloys, effective dispersoid addition requires both controlling their high-temperature stability and minimizing their impact on precipitation hardening. The current study focuses on dispersoid-modified AlZn5.0Mg1.2 alloys, which exhibit MgZn precipitation upon age-hardening and include less than 1 wt% of Zr and Hf for dispersoid formation. Heat treatments between 350 °C and 500 °C for varying times were applied to evaluate dispersoid formation, thermal stability and the related strengthening potential. The microstructure was assessed using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and atom probe tomography (APT), and the mechanical response was evaluated by hardness testing. TEM after heating at 500 °C reveals Ostwald ripening for the dispersoids. APT results on the dispersoids reveal a core–shell structure development upon longer annealing times. The Zr–Hf-modified alloy exhibits a higher initial strength than the Zr-modified alloy but the latter displays greater strength retention even after prolonged exposure to 500 °C. This effect is attributed to a destabilization of the mixed Zr–Hf dispersoids that arises from lower enthalpic benefits of Al3Hf formation over Al3Zr.
format Article
id doaj-art-b8a28c9c96e54052a4f766cd79496dcf
institution OA Journals
issn 0264-1275
language English
publishDate 2024-11-01
publisher Elsevier
record_format Article
series Materials & Design
spelling doaj-art-b8a28c9c96e54052a4f766cd79496dcf2025-08-20T02:18:55ZengElsevierMaterials & Design0264-12752024-11-0124711336610.1016/j.matdes.2024.113366Dispersoid evolution in Al–Zn–Mg alloys by combined addition of Hf and Zr: A mechanistic approachV. Wessely0U. Töpfer1I. Basu2R.E. Schäublin3S. Pogatscher4P.J. Uggowitzer5J.F. Löffler6Laboratory of Metal Physics and Technology, Department of Materials, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland; Corresponding authors.Laboratory of Metal Physics and Technology, Department of Materials, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, SwitzerlandLaboratory of Metal Physics and Technology, Department of Materials, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, SwitzerlandLaboratory of Metal Physics and Technology, Department of Materials, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, SwitzerlandChair of Nonferrous Metallurgy, Montanuniversitaet Leoben, 8700 Leoben, AustriaLaboratory of Metal Physics and Technology, Department of Materials, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland; Chair of Nonferrous Metallurgy, Montanuniversitaet Leoben, 8700 Leoben, AustriaLaboratory of Metal Physics and Technology, Department of Materials, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland; Corresponding authors.Coherent Al3X-type L12-structured dispersoids have the potential of effectively stabilizing the grain structure and increasing strength. This concept has been successfully demonstrated for non-hardenable and rapidly solidified Al alloys. In precipitation-hardened Al alloys, effective dispersoid addition requires both controlling their high-temperature stability and minimizing their impact on precipitation hardening. The current study focuses on dispersoid-modified AlZn5.0Mg1.2 alloys, which exhibit MgZn precipitation upon age-hardening and include less than 1 wt% of Zr and Hf for dispersoid formation. Heat treatments between 350 °C and 500 °C for varying times were applied to evaluate dispersoid formation, thermal stability and the related strengthening potential. The microstructure was assessed using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and atom probe tomography (APT), and the mechanical response was evaluated by hardness testing. TEM after heating at 500 °C reveals Ostwald ripening for the dispersoids. APT results on the dispersoids reveal a core–shell structure development upon longer annealing times. The Zr–Hf-modified alloy exhibits a higher initial strength than the Zr-modified alloy but the latter displays greater strength retention even after prolonged exposure to 500 °C. This effect is attributed to a destabilization of the mixed Zr–Hf dispersoids that arises from lower enthalpic benefits of Al3Hf formation over Al3Zr.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S026412752400741XAluminum alloysL12 precipitatesTransmission electron microscopyImage analysisAtom probe tomographyStrengthening mechanisms
spellingShingle V. Wessely
U. Töpfer
I. Basu
R.E. Schäublin
S. Pogatscher
P.J. Uggowitzer
J.F. Löffler
Dispersoid evolution in Al–Zn–Mg alloys by combined addition of Hf and Zr: A mechanistic approach
Materials & Design
Aluminum alloys
L12 precipitates
Transmission electron microscopy
Image analysis
Atom probe tomography
Strengthening mechanisms
title Dispersoid evolution in Al–Zn–Mg alloys by combined addition of Hf and Zr: A mechanistic approach
title_full Dispersoid evolution in Al–Zn–Mg alloys by combined addition of Hf and Zr: A mechanistic approach
title_fullStr Dispersoid evolution in Al–Zn–Mg alloys by combined addition of Hf and Zr: A mechanistic approach
title_full_unstemmed Dispersoid evolution in Al–Zn–Mg alloys by combined addition of Hf and Zr: A mechanistic approach
title_short Dispersoid evolution in Al–Zn–Mg alloys by combined addition of Hf and Zr: A mechanistic approach
title_sort dispersoid evolution in al zn mg alloys by combined addition of hf and zr a mechanistic approach
topic Aluminum alloys
L12 precipitates
Transmission electron microscopy
Image analysis
Atom probe tomography
Strengthening mechanisms
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S026412752400741X
work_keys_str_mv AT vwessely dispersoidevolutioninalznmgalloysbycombinedadditionofhfandzramechanisticapproach
AT utopfer dispersoidevolutioninalznmgalloysbycombinedadditionofhfandzramechanisticapproach
AT ibasu dispersoidevolutioninalznmgalloysbycombinedadditionofhfandzramechanisticapproach
AT reschaublin dispersoidevolutioninalznmgalloysbycombinedadditionofhfandzramechanisticapproach
AT spogatscher dispersoidevolutioninalznmgalloysbycombinedadditionofhfandzramechanisticapproach
AT pjuggowitzer dispersoidevolutioninalznmgalloysbycombinedadditionofhfandzramechanisticapproach
AT jfloffler dispersoidevolutioninalznmgalloysbycombinedadditionofhfandzramechanisticapproach