Feasibility of Retrofitting a Conventional Vessel with Hydrogen Power Systems: A Case Study in Australia

As the pursuit of greener energy solutions continues, industries worldwide are turning away from fossil fuels and exploring the development of sustainable alternatives to meet their energy requirements. As a signatory to the Paris Agreement, Australia has committed to reducing greenhouse gas emissio...

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Main Authors: Muhammad Waris Yaar Khan, Hongjun Fan
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-02-01
Series:Hydrogen
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2673-4141/6/1/11
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author Muhammad Waris Yaar Khan
Hongjun Fan
author_facet Muhammad Waris Yaar Khan
Hongjun Fan
author_sort Muhammad Waris Yaar Khan
collection DOAJ
description As the pursuit of greener energy solutions continues, industries worldwide are turning away from fossil fuels and exploring the development of sustainable alternatives to meet their energy requirements. As a signatory to the Paris Agreement, Australia has committed to reducing greenhouse gas emission by 43% by 2030 and reaching net-zero emissions by 2050. Australia’s domestic maritime sector should align with these targets. This paper aims to contribute to ongoing efforts to achieve these goals by examining the technical and commercial considerations involved in retrofitting conventional vessels with hydrogen power. This includes, but is not limited to, an analysis of cost, risk, and performance, and compliance with classification society rules, international codes, and Australian regulations. This study was conducted using a small domestic commercial vessel as a reference to explore the feasibility of implementation of hydrogen-fuelled vessels (HFVs) across Australia. The findings indicate that Australia’s existing hydrogen infrastructure requires significant development for HFVs to meet the cost, risk, and performance benchmarks of conventional vessels. The case study identifies key determining factors for feasible hydrogen retrofitting and provides recommendations for the success criteria.
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spelling doaj-art-b8a0adfbfe18465cae6462b07abf44322025-08-20T02:42:34ZengMDPI AGHydrogen2673-41412025-02-01611110.3390/hydrogen6010011Feasibility of Retrofitting a Conventional Vessel with Hydrogen Power Systems: A Case Study in AustraliaMuhammad Waris Yaar Khan0Hongjun Fan1Australian Maritime College (AMC), College of Sciences and Engineering, University of Tasmania, Launceston, TAS 7248, AustraliaAustralian Maritime College (AMC), College of Sciences and Engineering, University of Tasmania, Launceston, TAS 7248, AustraliaAs the pursuit of greener energy solutions continues, industries worldwide are turning away from fossil fuels and exploring the development of sustainable alternatives to meet their energy requirements. As a signatory to the Paris Agreement, Australia has committed to reducing greenhouse gas emission by 43% by 2030 and reaching net-zero emissions by 2050. Australia’s domestic maritime sector should align with these targets. This paper aims to contribute to ongoing efforts to achieve these goals by examining the technical and commercial considerations involved in retrofitting conventional vessels with hydrogen power. This includes, but is not limited to, an analysis of cost, risk, and performance, and compliance with classification society rules, international codes, and Australian regulations. This study was conducted using a small domestic commercial vessel as a reference to explore the feasibility of implementation of hydrogen-fuelled vessels (HFVs) across Australia. The findings indicate that Australia’s existing hydrogen infrastructure requires significant development for HFVs to meet the cost, risk, and performance benchmarks of conventional vessels. The case study identifies key determining factors for feasible hydrogen retrofitting and provides recommendations for the success criteria.https://www.mdpi.com/2673-4141/6/1/11maritimefeasibilityhydrogenfuel cellsbunkeringclassification society requirements
spellingShingle Muhammad Waris Yaar Khan
Hongjun Fan
Feasibility of Retrofitting a Conventional Vessel with Hydrogen Power Systems: A Case Study in Australia
Hydrogen
maritime
feasibility
hydrogen
fuel cells
bunkering
classification society requirements
title Feasibility of Retrofitting a Conventional Vessel with Hydrogen Power Systems: A Case Study in Australia
title_full Feasibility of Retrofitting a Conventional Vessel with Hydrogen Power Systems: A Case Study in Australia
title_fullStr Feasibility of Retrofitting a Conventional Vessel with Hydrogen Power Systems: A Case Study in Australia
title_full_unstemmed Feasibility of Retrofitting a Conventional Vessel with Hydrogen Power Systems: A Case Study in Australia
title_short Feasibility of Retrofitting a Conventional Vessel with Hydrogen Power Systems: A Case Study in Australia
title_sort feasibility of retrofitting a conventional vessel with hydrogen power systems a case study in australia
topic maritime
feasibility
hydrogen
fuel cells
bunkering
classification society requirements
url https://www.mdpi.com/2673-4141/6/1/11
work_keys_str_mv AT muhammadwarisyaarkhan feasibilityofretrofittingaconventionalvesselwithhydrogenpowersystemsacasestudyinaustralia
AT hongjunfan feasibilityofretrofittingaconventionalvesselwithhydrogenpowersystemsacasestudyinaustralia