Plant-Based and Hybrid Patties with Healthy Fats and Broccoli Extract Fortification: More Balanced, Environmentally Friendly Alternative to Meat Prototypes?

Hybrid and plant-based products are an emerging trend in food science. This study aimed to develop three patty prototypes (meat, hybrid, and plant-based) enhanced with vegetable fat replacement and broccoli extract using a soy allergen-free protein matrix treated with high hydrostatic pressure (HHP)...

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Main Authors: Josemi G. Penalver, Maite M. Aldaya, Débora Villaño, Paloma Vírseda, Maria Jose Beriain
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-02-01
Series:Foods
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/14/3/472
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author Josemi G. Penalver
Maite M. Aldaya
Débora Villaño
Paloma Vírseda
Maria Jose Beriain
author_facet Josemi G. Penalver
Maite M. Aldaya
Débora Villaño
Paloma Vírseda
Maria Jose Beriain
author_sort Josemi G. Penalver
collection DOAJ
description Hybrid and plant-based products are an emerging trend in food science. This study aimed to develop three patty prototypes (meat, hybrid, and plant-based) enhanced with vegetable fat replacement and broccoli extract using a soy allergen-free protein matrix treated with high hydrostatic pressure (HHP) and sous vide cooking to create sustainable and nutritious burger alternatives. The samples were evaluated for microbiological safety, proximal composition, physicochemical properties, sensory characteristics, and carbon footprint. The key findings revealed that the plant-based patties had the smallest carbon footprint (0.12 kg CO<sub>2</sub>e), followed by the hybrid patties (0.87 kg CO<sub>2</sub>e) and the meat patties (1.62 kg CO<sub>2</sub>e). The hybrid patties showed increased hardness, cohesiveness, gumminess, and chewiness compared to the meat patties after sous vide treatment. This improvement likely results from synergies between the meat and plant proteins. Regarding the treatments, in all the samples, the highest hardness was observed after the combined HHP and sous vide treatment, an interesting consideration for future prototypes. Sensory analysis indicated that the plant-based and hybrid samples maintained appealing visual and odour characteristics through the treatments, while the meat patties lost the evaluator’s acceptance. Although further improvements in sensory attributes are needed, hybrid patties offer a promising balance of improved texture and intermediate carbon footprint, making them a viable alternative as sustainable, nutritious patties.
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spelling doaj-art-b89b0f0556c34806bbc8c8cd1d69e3a72025-08-20T02:12:25ZengMDPI AGFoods2304-81582025-02-0114347210.3390/foods14030472Plant-Based and Hybrid Patties with Healthy Fats and Broccoli Extract Fortification: More Balanced, Environmentally Friendly Alternative to Meat Prototypes?Josemi G. Penalver0Maite M. Aldaya1Débora Villaño2Paloma Vírseda3Maria Jose Beriain4Institute for Sustainability & Food Chain Innovation (IS-FOOD), Public University of Navarra (UPNA), Jerónimo de Ayanz Building, Arrosadia Campus, 31006 Pamplona, SpainInstitute for Sustainability & Food Chain Innovation (IS-FOOD), Public University of Navarra (UPNA), Jerónimo de Ayanz Building, Arrosadia Campus, 31006 Pamplona, SpainInstitute for Sustainability & Food Chain Innovation (IS-FOOD), Public University of Navarra (UPNA), Jerónimo de Ayanz Building, Arrosadia Campus, 31006 Pamplona, SpainInstitute for Sustainability & Food Chain Innovation (IS-FOOD), Public University of Navarra (UPNA), Jerónimo de Ayanz Building, Arrosadia Campus, 31006 Pamplona, SpainInstitute for Sustainability & Food Chain Innovation (IS-FOOD), Public University of Navarra (UPNA), Jerónimo de Ayanz Building, Arrosadia Campus, 31006 Pamplona, SpainHybrid and plant-based products are an emerging trend in food science. This study aimed to develop three patty prototypes (meat, hybrid, and plant-based) enhanced with vegetable fat replacement and broccoli extract using a soy allergen-free protein matrix treated with high hydrostatic pressure (HHP) and sous vide cooking to create sustainable and nutritious burger alternatives. The samples were evaluated for microbiological safety, proximal composition, physicochemical properties, sensory characteristics, and carbon footprint. The key findings revealed that the plant-based patties had the smallest carbon footprint (0.12 kg CO<sub>2</sub>e), followed by the hybrid patties (0.87 kg CO<sub>2</sub>e) and the meat patties (1.62 kg CO<sub>2</sub>e). The hybrid patties showed increased hardness, cohesiveness, gumminess, and chewiness compared to the meat patties after sous vide treatment. This improvement likely results from synergies between the meat and plant proteins. Regarding the treatments, in all the samples, the highest hardness was observed after the combined HHP and sous vide treatment, an interesting consideration for future prototypes. Sensory analysis indicated that the plant-based and hybrid samples maintained appealing visual and odour characteristics through the treatments, while the meat patties lost the evaluator’s acceptance. Although further improvements in sensory attributes are needed, hybrid patties offer a promising balance of improved texture and intermediate carbon footprint, making them a viable alternative as sustainable, nutritious patties.https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/14/3/472carbon footprinthigh hydrostatic pressurevacuum cookinghybrid proteinproduct development
spellingShingle Josemi G. Penalver
Maite M. Aldaya
Débora Villaño
Paloma Vírseda
Maria Jose Beriain
Plant-Based and Hybrid Patties with Healthy Fats and Broccoli Extract Fortification: More Balanced, Environmentally Friendly Alternative to Meat Prototypes?
Foods
carbon footprint
high hydrostatic pressure
vacuum cooking
hybrid protein
product development
title Plant-Based and Hybrid Patties with Healthy Fats and Broccoli Extract Fortification: More Balanced, Environmentally Friendly Alternative to Meat Prototypes?
title_full Plant-Based and Hybrid Patties with Healthy Fats and Broccoli Extract Fortification: More Balanced, Environmentally Friendly Alternative to Meat Prototypes?
title_fullStr Plant-Based and Hybrid Patties with Healthy Fats and Broccoli Extract Fortification: More Balanced, Environmentally Friendly Alternative to Meat Prototypes?
title_full_unstemmed Plant-Based and Hybrid Patties with Healthy Fats and Broccoli Extract Fortification: More Balanced, Environmentally Friendly Alternative to Meat Prototypes?
title_short Plant-Based and Hybrid Patties with Healthy Fats and Broccoli Extract Fortification: More Balanced, Environmentally Friendly Alternative to Meat Prototypes?
title_sort plant based and hybrid patties with healthy fats and broccoli extract fortification more balanced environmentally friendly alternative to meat prototypes
topic carbon footprint
high hydrostatic pressure
vacuum cooking
hybrid protein
product development
url https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/14/3/472
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