Study of placenta histopathology in low birth weight deliveries: A prospective cross-sectional study at Nobel Medical College Teaching Hospital
Background: Placenta is the most important organ that represents the status of the mother and fetus. Its examination on gross and microscopy can reveal varied pregnancy-related diseases, decreasing future adverse pregnancy outcomes. This study aims to examine the placenta histopathologically among l...
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Association of Clinical Pathologists of Nepal
2024-10-01
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| Series: | Journal of Pathology of Nepal |
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| Online Access: | https://www.nepjol.info/index.php/JPN/article/view/66310 |
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| author | Prabesh Choudhary Reetu Baral Neeraj Nepal Moonzal Yadav Saruaarshi Choudhary Rashmita Bhandari Rashmita Bhandari Oshan Shrestha |
| author_facet | Prabesh Choudhary Reetu Baral Neeraj Nepal Moonzal Yadav Saruaarshi Choudhary Rashmita Bhandari Rashmita Bhandari Oshan Shrestha |
| author_sort | Prabesh Choudhary |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: Placenta is the most important organ that represents the status of the mother and fetus. Its examination on gross and microscopy can reveal varied pregnancy-related diseases, decreasing future adverse pregnancy outcomes. This study aims to examine the placenta histopathologically among low birth weight pregnancies.
Materials and methods: A prospective case-control study was conducted in the Department of Pathology over one year. The placenta of low birth weight (weight < 2.5 kg) term pregnancies were histopathologically examined. The maternal demographics, co-morbidity, gravida, and hemoglobin levels were recorded. Descriptive statistics, and student t-test or Chi-square test were used for two-group analysis.
Results: Thirty-two consecutive patients enrolled in each group. A significant proportion of the patients in the study group were anemic (9.2 vs. 11.5 gm/dl; p=0.03). Pregnancy-induced hypertension rate was significantly higher in the study group (31% vs. 9%; p = 0.042). Gross observations in low birth weight pregnancies were sub-chorionic fibrin deposition (75%), calcification (37%) and infarction (31%). On microscopy, chorionic vessel thrombosis was significantly higher in the study group (56% vs. 6%; p= 0.003). Furthermore, chorioamnionitis (34%) and placental floor infarction (12%) were also observed in a significantly higher number of placentas in the study group.
Conclusions: Anemia and pregnancy-induced hypertension are important associated factors for low birth weight pregnancies. Pathological examinations reveal higher fibrin deposition, infarction, calcification, sub-chronic vessel thrombosis, and chorioamnionitis in low birth weight placenta. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-b884cbaeafaf438ea65b51aa6193d361 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2091-0797 2091-0908 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-10-01 |
| publisher | Association of Clinical Pathologists of Nepal |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Pathology of Nepal |
| spelling | doaj-art-b884cbaeafaf438ea65b51aa6193d3612025-08-21T06:55:17ZengAssociation of Clinical Pathologists of NepalJournal of Pathology of Nepal2091-07972091-09082024-10-011412156216010.3126/jpn.v14i1.6631093440Study of placenta histopathology in low birth weight deliveries: A prospective cross-sectional study at Nobel Medical College Teaching HospitalPrabesh Choudhary0https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7431-5820Reetu Baral1Neeraj Nepal2Moonzal Yadav3Saruaarshi Choudhary4Rashmita Bhandari5Rashmita Bhandari6Oshan Shrestha7Nobel Medical College and Teaching Hospital, Biratnagar, NepalNobel Medical College and Teaching Hospital, Biratnagar, NepalNobel Medical College and Teaching Hospital, Biratnagar, NepalNobel Medical College and Teaching Hospital, Biratnagar, NepalBirat Medical College and Teaching Hospital, Biratnagar, NepalNobel Medical College and Teaching Hospital, Biratnagar, NepalNobel Medical College and Teaching Hospital, Biratnagar, NepalNobel Medical College and Teaching HospitalBackground: Placenta is the most important organ that represents the status of the mother and fetus. Its examination on gross and microscopy can reveal varied pregnancy-related diseases, decreasing future adverse pregnancy outcomes. This study aims to examine the placenta histopathologically among low birth weight pregnancies. Materials and methods: A prospective case-control study was conducted in the Department of Pathology over one year. The placenta of low birth weight (weight < 2.5 kg) term pregnancies were histopathologically examined. The maternal demographics, co-morbidity, gravida, and hemoglobin levels were recorded. Descriptive statistics, and student t-test or Chi-square test were used for two-group analysis. Results: Thirty-two consecutive patients enrolled in each group. A significant proportion of the patients in the study group were anemic (9.2 vs. 11.5 gm/dl; p=0.03). Pregnancy-induced hypertension rate was significantly higher in the study group (31% vs. 9%; p = 0.042). Gross observations in low birth weight pregnancies were sub-chorionic fibrin deposition (75%), calcification (37%) and infarction (31%). On microscopy, chorionic vessel thrombosis was significantly higher in the study group (56% vs. 6%; p= 0.003). Furthermore, chorioamnionitis (34%) and placental floor infarction (12%) were also observed in a significantly higher number of placentas in the study group. Conclusions: Anemia and pregnancy-induced hypertension are important associated factors for low birth weight pregnancies. Pathological examinations reveal higher fibrin deposition, infarction, calcification, sub-chronic vessel thrombosis, and chorioamnionitis in low birth weight placenta.https://www.nepjol.info/index.php/JPN/article/view/66310chorioamnionitis; low birth weight; placenta; pregnancy; |
| spellingShingle | Prabesh Choudhary Reetu Baral Neeraj Nepal Moonzal Yadav Saruaarshi Choudhary Rashmita Bhandari Rashmita Bhandari Oshan Shrestha Study of placenta histopathology in low birth weight deliveries: A prospective cross-sectional study at Nobel Medical College Teaching Hospital Journal of Pathology of Nepal chorioamnionitis; low birth weight; placenta; pregnancy; |
| title | Study of placenta histopathology in low birth weight deliveries: A prospective cross-sectional study at Nobel Medical College Teaching Hospital |
| title_full | Study of placenta histopathology in low birth weight deliveries: A prospective cross-sectional study at Nobel Medical College Teaching Hospital |
| title_fullStr | Study of placenta histopathology in low birth weight deliveries: A prospective cross-sectional study at Nobel Medical College Teaching Hospital |
| title_full_unstemmed | Study of placenta histopathology in low birth weight deliveries: A prospective cross-sectional study at Nobel Medical College Teaching Hospital |
| title_short | Study of placenta histopathology in low birth weight deliveries: A prospective cross-sectional study at Nobel Medical College Teaching Hospital |
| title_sort | study of placenta histopathology in low birth weight deliveries a prospective cross sectional study at nobel medical college teaching hospital |
| topic | chorioamnionitis; low birth weight; placenta; pregnancy; |
| url | https://www.nepjol.info/index.php/JPN/article/view/66310 |
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