Microstructure and mechanical properties of austenitic stainless steels manipulated by trace TiC–TiB2 nanoparticles
It is difficult to simultaneously increase strength and toughness of austenitic stainless steels through traditional heat treatment and alloying. However, adding nano-sized ceramic particles is a potential method to manipulate the microstructure and mechanical properties of austenitic stainless stee...
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Elsevier
2024-11-01
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| Series: | Journal of Materials Research and Technology |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2238785424026723 |
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| author | Qianwei Chen Bingxu Wang Yong Xu Feng Qiu Baixin Dong Xiaofu Chen Deli Chen Gaoshen Cai Gary C. Barber |
| author_facet | Qianwei Chen Bingxu Wang Yong Xu Feng Qiu Baixin Dong Xiaofu Chen Deli Chen Gaoshen Cai Gary C. Barber |
| author_sort | Qianwei Chen |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | It is difficult to simultaneously increase strength and toughness of austenitic stainless steels through traditional heat treatment and alloying. However, adding nano-sized ceramic particles is a potential method to manipulate the microstructure and mechanical properties of austenitic stainless steels. In this study, TiC–TiB2 nanoparticles were introduced into austenitic stainless steel using an aluminum master alloy. Adding 0.02 wt% nanoparticles effectively refined the substrates including the dendritic ferrite and austenite and reduced the grain size from 23.7 μm to 18.4 μm. The edge-to-edge model indicated that the nanoparticles act as heterogeneous cores to facilitate the nucleation rates. For mechanical properties, the addition of nanoparticles simultaneously enhanced the hardness, yield strength, tensile strength and impact toughness of the austenitic stainless steels without sacrificing the ductility. The yield strength and tensile strength of as-cast austenitic stainless steels were enhanced by 4.8% and 2.1%, 7.2% and 3.9%, 10.0% and 5.7% at the temperatures of 20 °C, 200 °C, and 400 °C, respectively. The impact toughness was improved by 4.2%, 5.9%, and 4.3% at the temperatures of −20 °C, 0 °C, and 20 °C. Also, the presence of nanoparticles increased the yield strength and tensile strength of forged austenitic stainless steels by 16.6% and 5.9%, 17.7% and 7.7%, 18.5% and 12.2% at the temperatures of 20 °C, 200 °C, and 400 °C, respectively. The impact toughness was increased by 11.6%, 8.6% and 11.3% at the temperatures of −20 °C, 0 °C, and 20 °C. The nanoparticles refined the grains, inhibited dislocation movement, scattered large cracks and distributed the external loads more uniformly to strengthen and toughen the austenitic stainless steels. In wear tests, the nanoparticle reinforced austenitic stainless steels showed higher wear resistance against adhesive wear and abrasive wear by impeding the nucleation and growth of cracks, retarding the dislocation migration and plastic deformation and bearing the external loads. The wear volumes of as-cast and forged austenitic stainless steels were reduce by 15.7% and 21.5%. This innovative approach provided a promising strategy to produce high-performance austenitic stainless steels and serve as a reference in the development of other nanoparticle reinforced ferrous materials. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-b87b09fe966e4816a1ff8d5bd3df4156 |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2238-7854 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-11-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
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| series | Journal of Materials Research and Technology |
| spelling | doaj-art-b87b09fe966e4816a1ff8d5bd3df41562025-08-20T02:39:08ZengElsevierJournal of Materials Research and Technology2238-78542024-11-01337977798910.1016/j.jmrt.2024.11.144Microstructure and mechanical properties of austenitic stainless steels manipulated by trace TiC–TiB2 nanoparticlesQianwei Chen0Bingxu Wang1Yong Xu2Feng Qiu3Baixin Dong4Xiaofu Chen5Deli Chen6Gaoshen Cai7Gary C. Barber8School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310018, ChinaSchool of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310018, China; Automotive Tribology Center, School of Engineering and Computer Science, Oakland University, Rochester, MI, 48309, USA; Corresponding author. School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310018, China.School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310018, ChinaKey Laboratory of Automobile Materials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130025, China; Automotive Tribology Center, School of Engineering and Computer Science, Oakland University, Rochester, MI, 48309, USAKey Laboratory of Automobile Materials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130025, China; Corresponding author. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130025, China.Zhejiang Zhongda Advanced Material Co., Ltd, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, 314312, ChinaFushun Special Steel Shares Co., Ltd, Fushun, Liaoning, 113001, ChinaSchool of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310018, ChinaAutomotive Tribology Center, School of Engineering and Computer Science, Oakland University, Rochester, MI, 48309, USAIt is difficult to simultaneously increase strength and toughness of austenitic stainless steels through traditional heat treatment and alloying. However, adding nano-sized ceramic particles is a potential method to manipulate the microstructure and mechanical properties of austenitic stainless steels. In this study, TiC–TiB2 nanoparticles were introduced into austenitic stainless steel using an aluminum master alloy. Adding 0.02 wt% nanoparticles effectively refined the substrates including the dendritic ferrite and austenite and reduced the grain size from 23.7 μm to 18.4 μm. The edge-to-edge model indicated that the nanoparticles act as heterogeneous cores to facilitate the nucleation rates. For mechanical properties, the addition of nanoparticles simultaneously enhanced the hardness, yield strength, tensile strength and impact toughness of the austenitic stainless steels without sacrificing the ductility. The yield strength and tensile strength of as-cast austenitic stainless steels were enhanced by 4.8% and 2.1%, 7.2% and 3.9%, 10.0% and 5.7% at the temperatures of 20 °C, 200 °C, and 400 °C, respectively. The impact toughness was improved by 4.2%, 5.9%, and 4.3% at the temperatures of −20 °C, 0 °C, and 20 °C. Also, the presence of nanoparticles increased the yield strength and tensile strength of forged austenitic stainless steels by 16.6% and 5.9%, 17.7% and 7.7%, 18.5% and 12.2% at the temperatures of 20 °C, 200 °C, and 400 °C, respectively. The impact toughness was increased by 11.6%, 8.6% and 11.3% at the temperatures of −20 °C, 0 °C, and 20 °C. The nanoparticles refined the grains, inhibited dislocation movement, scattered large cracks and distributed the external loads more uniformly to strengthen and toughen the austenitic stainless steels. In wear tests, the nanoparticle reinforced austenitic stainless steels showed higher wear resistance against adhesive wear and abrasive wear by impeding the nucleation and growth of cracks, retarding the dislocation migration and plastic deformation and bearing the external loads. The wear volumes of as-cast and forged austenitic stainless steels were reduce by 15.7% and 21.5%. This innovative approach provided a promising strategy to produce high-performance austenitic stainless steels and serve as a reference in the development of other nanoparticle reinforced ferrous materials.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2238785424026723Austenitic stainless steelNanoparticlesMaster alloyMicrostructureMechanical properties |
| spellingShingle | Qianwei Chen Bingxu Wang Yong Xu Feng Qiu Baixin Dong Xiaofu Chen Deli Chen Gaoshen Cai Gary C. Barber Microstructure and mechanical properties of austenitic stainless steels manipulated by trace TiC–TiB2 nanoparticles Journal of Materials Research and Technology Austenitic stainless steel Nanoparticles Master alloy Microstructure Mechanical properties |
| title | Microstructure and mechanical properties of austenitic stainless steels manipulated by trace TiC–TiB2 nanoparticles |
| title_full | Microstructure and mechanical properties of austenitic stainless steels manipulated by trace TiC–TiB2 nanoparticles |
| title_fullStr | Microstructure and mechanical properties of austenitic stainless steels manipulated by trace TiC–TiB2 nanoparticles |
| title_full_unstemmed | Microstructure and mechanical properties of austenitic stainless steels manipulated by trace TiC–TiB2 nanoparticles |
| title_short | Microstructure and mechanical properties of austenitic stainless steels manipulated by trace TiC–TiB2 nanoparticles |
| title_sort | microstructure and mechanical properties of austenitic stainless steels manipulated by trace tic tib2 nanoparticles |
| topic | Austenitic stainless steel Nanoparticles Master alloy Microstructure Mechanical properties |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2238785424026723 |
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