TRIM21 Promotes cGAS and RIG-I Sensing of Viral Genomes during Infection by Antibody-Opsonized Virus.
Encapsidation is a strategy almost universally employed by viruses to protect their genomes from degradation and from innate immune sensors. We show that TRIM21, which targets antibody-opsonized virions for proteasomal destruction, circumvents this protection, enabling the rapid detection and degrad...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Public Library of Science (PLoS)
2015-10-01
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| Series: | PLoS Pathogens |
| Online Access: | https://journals.plos.org/plospathogens/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.ppat.1005253&type=printable |
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| _version_ | 1850162133709357056 |
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| author | Ruth E Watkinson William A McEwan Jerry C H Tam Marina Vaysburd Leo C James |
| author_facet | Ruth E Watkinson William A McEwan Jerry C H Tam Marina Vaysburd Leo C James |
| author_sort | Ruth E Watkinson |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Encapsidation is a strategy almost universally employed by viruses to protect their genomes from degradation and from innate immune sensors. We show that TRIM21, which targets antibody-opsonized virions for proteasomal destruction, circumvents this protection, enabling the rapid detection and degradation of viral genomes before their replication. TRIM21 triggers an initial wave of cytokine transcription that is antibody, rather than pathogen, driven. This early response is augmented by a second transcriptional program, determined by the nature of the infecting virus. In this second response, TRIM21-induced exposure of the viral genome promotes sensing of DNA and RNA viruses by cGAS and RIG-I. This mechanism allows early detection of an infection event and drives an inflammatory response in mice within hours of viral challenge. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-b86ace7174324237b3feeb9bbf05ff47 |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 1553-7366 1553-7374 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2015-10-01 |
| publisher | Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| record_format | Article |
| series | PLoS Pathogens |
| spelling | doaj-art-b86ace7174324237b3feeb9bbf05ff472025-08-20T02:22:38ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS Pathogens1553-73661553-73742015-10-011110e100525310.1371/journal.ppat.1005253TRIM21 Promotes cGAS and RIG-I Sensing of Viral Genomes during Infection by Antibody-Opsonized Virus.Ruth E WatkinsonWilliam A McEwanJerry C H TamMarina VaysburdLeo C JamesEncapsidation is a strategy almost universally employed by viruses to protect their genomes from degradation and from innate immune sensors. We show that TRIM21, which targets antibody-opsonized virions for proteasomal destruction, circumvents this protection, enabling the rapid detection and degradation of viral genomes before their replication. TRIM21 triggers an initial wave of cytokine transcription that is antibody, rather than pathogen, driven. This early response is augmented by a second transcriptional program, determined by the nature of the infecting virus. In this second response, TRIM21-induced exposure of the viral genome promotes sensing of DNA and RNA viruses by cGAS and RIG-I. This mechanism allows early detection of an infection event and drives an inflammatory response in mice within hours of viral challenge.https://journals.plos.org/plospathogens/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.ppat.1005253&type=printable |
| spellingShingle | Ruth E Watkinson William A McEwan Jerry C H Tam Marina Vaysburd Leo C James TRIM21 Promotes cGAS and RIG-I Sensing of Viral Genomes during Infection by Antibody-Opsonized Virus. PLoS Pathogens |
| title | TRIM21 Promotes cGAS and RIG-I Sensing of Viral Genomes during Infection by Antibody-Opsonized Virus. |
| title_full | TRIM21 Promotes cGAS and RIG-I Sensing of Viral Genomes during Infection by Antibody-Opsonized Virus. |
| title_fullStr | TRIM21 Promotes cGAS and RIG-I Sensing of Viral Genomes during Infection by Antibody-Opsonized Virus. |
| title_full_unstemmed | TRIM21 Promotes cGAS and RIG-I Sensing of Viral Genomes during Infection by Antibody-Opsonized Virus. |
| title_short | TRIM21 Promotes cGAS and RIG-I Sensing of Viral Genomes during Infection by Antibody-Opsonized Virus. |
| title_sort | trim21 promotes cgas and rig i sensing of viral genomes during infection by antibody opsonized virus |
| url | https://journals.plos.org/plospathogens/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.ppat.1005253&type=printable |
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