A Palynological Atlas of the Amazon <i>canga</i> Vegetation
<i>cangas</i> are iron-rich outcrops where rupestrian fields develop in the Carajás Mountain Range (CMR). <i>canga</i> formations are ancient ecosystems characterized by high levels of endemic and threatened plant species that thrive on iron-rich substrates in the southeaster...
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| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2025-04-01
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| Series: | Plants |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/14/9/1319 |
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| author | Luiza de Araújo Romeiro Edilson Freitas da Silva Luiza Santos Reis Léa Maria Medeiros Carreira Tarcísio Magevski Rodrigues Delmo Fonseca da Silva Tereza Cristina Giannini Markus Gastauer Pedro Walfir Martins e Souza-Filho Lourival Tyski José Tasso Felix Guimarães |
| author_facet | Luiza de Araújo Romeiro Edilson Freitas da Silva Luiza Santos Reis Léa Maria Medeiros Carreira Tarcísio Magevski Rodrigues Delmo Fonseca da Silva Tereza Cristina Giannini Markus Gastauer Pedro Walfir Martins e Souza-Filho Lourival Tyski José Tasso Felix Guimarães |
| author_sort | Luiza de Araújo Romeiro |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <i>cangas</i> are iron-rich outcrops where rupestrian fields develop in the Carajás Mountain Range (CMR). <i>canga</i> formations are ancient ecosystems characterized by high levels of endemic and threatened plant species that thrive on iron-rich substrates in the southeastern Amazon uplands. The recent taxonomic validation of these species enables more accurate distribution modeling across past, present, and future time scales. This work presents a comprehensive palynological database for the Amazon <i>canga</i> vegetation, resulting from extensive field and herbarium surveys, as well as the compilation and taxonomic validation of species in the Carajás Mountain Range (CMR). This atlas includes 204 plant species: 10 ferns and lycophytes, 62 monocots, and 132 eudicots and magnoliids (mainly herbs, lianas, and trees). Most flowering plants are pollinated by bees, with secondary pollination by other insects and wind. The taxa co-occur in two geoenvironments: (1) forested slopes and caves over plinthosols and ferralsols and (2) slopes with <i>canga</i> vegetation over plinthosols. Seventeen species are potential domesticates used by Indigenous peoples. This highlights <i>canga</i> vegetation as a unique and diverse ecosystem with various survival strategies, emphasizing the need for precise habitat definitions in paleoenvironmental and paleoclimate reconstructions. This atlas provides a valuable reference for palynological studies, enhancing the vegetation reconstruction, climate history analysis, pre-Columbian influences on vegetation patterns, and ecological monitoring. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-b861d937a1014a8199d6fa81f89dfd47 |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2223-7747 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Plants |
| spelling | doaj-art-b861d937a1014a8199d6fa81f89dfd472025-08-20T01:49:18ZengMDPI AGPlants2223-77472025-04-01149131910.3390/plants14091319A Palynological Atlas of the Amazon <i>canga</i> VegetationLuiza de Araújo Romeiro0Edilson Freitas da Silva1Luiza Santos Reis2Léa Maria Medeiros Carreira3Tarcísio Magevski Rodrigues4Delmo Fonseca da Silva5Tereza Cristina Giannini6Markus Gastauer7Pedro Walfir Martins e Souza-Filho8Lourival Tyski9José Tasso Felix Guimarães10Vale Institute of Technology, Rua Boaventura da Silva 955, Nazaré, Belém 66055-090, PA, BrazilVale Institute of Technology, Rua Boaventura da Silva 955, Nazaré, Belém 66055-090, PA, BrazilVale Institute of Technology, Rua Boaventura da Silva 955, Nazaré, Belém 66055-090, PA, BrazilDepartamento de Botânica, Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, Terra Firme, Belém 66040-170, PA, BrazilWSP Brasil, Rua Antônio de Albuquerque 194, 7 andar, Funcionários, Belo Horizonte 30112-010, MG, BrazilIndependent Researcher, Rua Bejamin 454–Betânia, Parauapebas 68515-000, PA, BrazilVale Institute of Technology, Rua Boaventura da Silva 955, Nazaré, Belém 66055-090, PA, BrazilVale Institute of Technology, Rua Boaventura da Silva 955, Nazaré, Belém 66055-090, PA, BrazilGeosciences Institute, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66075-110, PA, BrazilGerência de Estudos Técnicos, Estrada Raymundo Mascarenhas, S/N Carajás, Parauapebas 68516-000, PA, BrazilVale Institute of Technology, Rua Boaventura da Silva 955, Nazaré, Belém 66055-090, PA, Brazil<i>cangas</i> are iron-rich outcrops where rupestrian fields develop in the Carajás Mountain Range (CMR). <i>canga</i> formations are ancient ecosystems characterized by high levels of endemic and threatened plant species that thrive on iron-rich substrates in the southeastern Amazon uplands. The recent taxonomic validation of these species enables more accurate distribution modeling across past, present, and future time scales. This work presents a comprehensive palynological database for the Amazon <i>canga</i> vegetation, resulting from extensive field and herbarium surveys, as well as the compilation and taxonomic validation of species in the Carajás Mountain Range (CMR). This atlas includes 204 plant species: 10 ferns and lycophytes, 62 monocots, and 132 eudicots and magnoliids (mainly herbs, lianas, and trees). Most flowering plants are pollinated by bees, with secondary pollination by other insects and wind. The taxa co-occur in two geoenvironments: (1) forested slopes and caves over plinthosols and ferralsols and (2) slopes with <i>canga</i> vegetation over plinthosols. Seventeen species are potential domesticates used by Indigenous peoples. This highlights <i>canga</i> vegetation as a unique and diverse ecosystem with various survival strategies, emphasizing the need for precise habitat definitions in paleoenvironmental and paleoclimate reconstructions. This atlas provides a valuable reference for palynological studies, enhancing the vegetation reconstruction, climate history analysis, pre-Columbian influences on vegetation patterns, and ecological monitoring.https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/14/9/1319<i>canga</i> vegetationCarajáspalynologyAmazoniapollenspores |
| spellingShingle | Luiza de Araújo Romeiro Edilson Freitas da Silva Luiza Santos Reis Léa Maria Medeiros Carreira Tarcísio Magevski Rodrigues Delmo Fonseca da Silva Tereza Cristina Giannini Markus Gastauer Pedro Walfir Martins e Souza-Filho Lourival Tyski José Tasso Felix Guimarães A Palynological Atlas of the Amazon <i>canga</i> Vegetation Plants <i>canga</i> vegetation Carajás palynology Amazonia pollen spores |
| title | A Palynological Atlas of the Amazon <i>canga</i> Vegetation |
| title_full | A Palynological Atlas of the Amazon <i>canga</i> Vegetation |
| title_fullStr | A Palynological Atlas of the Amazon <i>canga</i> Vegetation |
| title_full_unstemmed | A Palynological Atlas of the Amazon <i>canga</i> Vegetation |
| title_short | A Palynological Atlas of the Amazon <i>canga</i> Vegetation |
| title_sort | palynological atlas of the amazon i canga i vegetation |
| topic | <i>canga</i> vegetation Carajás palynology Amazonia pollen spores |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/14/9/1319 |
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