Effects of physical exercise on metabolic syndrome in psychotic disorders: A systematic review with meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Abstract Background Physical exercise improves mental and physical health of individuals with severe mental illness (SMI); however, its impact on metabolic syndrome remains unclear. Aims To evaluate the effects of exercise interventions on metabolic syndrome components in individuals with SMI and e...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Cambridge University Press
2025-01-01
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| Series: | European Psychiatry |
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| Online Access: | https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S0924933825100643/type/journal_article |
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| author | Arantxa Ancín-Osés Mikel Izquierdo Manuel J. Cuesta Mikel L. Sáez de Asteasu |
| author_facet | Arantxa Ancín-Osés Mikel Izquierdo Manuel J. Cuesta Mikel L. Sáez de Asteasu |
| author_sort | Arantxa Ancín-Osés |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract
Background
Physical exercise improves mental and physical health of individuals with severe mental illness (SMI); however, its impact on metabolic syndrome remains unclear.
Aims
To evaluate the effects of exercise interventions on metabolic syndrome components in individuals with SMI and explore interactions between exercise and antipsychotic medications on metabolic outcomes.
Methods
Following PRISMA guidelines, we systematically searched PubMed, CINAHL, Web of Science, and APA PsycINFO through October 10, 2023, for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing the effects of exercise on waist circumference, blood pressure, glucose, triglycerides, and HDL cholesterol in SMI. Risk of bias was evaluated using the Cochrane RoB-2 tool. Data were pooled using random-effects models in Comprehensive Meta-Analysis and JASP.
Results
Ten RCTs (N = 773; mean age 39.9 ± 7.36 years; 38.7% female; 71.5% schizophrenia spectrum disorders) met inclusion criteria. Pooled analyses revealed no significant effects of exercise on waist circumference (SMD = 0.206, 95% CI [−0.118, 0.530], p = 0.171), systolic blood pressure (SMD = 0.194, 95% CI [−0.115, 0.504], p = 0.219), diastolic blood pressure (SMD = −0.21, 95% CI [−0.854, 0.434], p = 0.522), HDL (SMD = 0.157, 95% CI [−0.36, 0.674], p = 0.551), triglycerides (SMD = −0.041, 95% CI [−0.461, 0.38], p = 0.849), or glucose (SMD = −0.071, 95% CI [−0.213, 0.071], p = 0.326). Heterogeneity was moderate to high.
Conclusions
Exercise interventions did not significantly improve metabolic syndrome components in SMI. Future trials must prioritize tailored regimens, adjunctive therapies, and rigorous control of medication effects.
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| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-b8614090f29c4ec4b6c6cbe8f4f9c8d4 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 0924-9338 1778-3585 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | Cambridge University Press |
| record_format | Article |
| series | European Psychiatry |
| spelling | doaj-art-b8614090f29c4ec4b6c6cbe8f4f9c8d42025-08-20T03:23:07ZengCambridge University PressEuropean Psychiatry0924-93381778-35852025-01-016810.1192/j.eurpsy.2025.10064Effects of physical exercise on metabolic syndrome in psychotic disorders: A systematic review with meta-analysis of randomized controlled trialsArantxa Ancín-Osés0https://orcid.org/0009-0003-2947-6301Mikel Izquierdo1https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1506-4272Manuel J. Cuesta2https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0250-5718Mikel L. Sáez de Asteasu3https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4111-5045Navarrabiomed, Hospital Universitario de Navarra (HUN), https://ror.org/02z0cah89 Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA) , IdiSNA, Pamplona, SpainNavarrabiomed, Hospital Universitario de Navarra (HUN), https://ror.org/02z0cah89 Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA) , IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, SpainDepartment of Psychiatry, Hospital Universitario de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, SpainNavarrabiomed, Hospital Universitario de Navarra (HUN), https://ror.org/02z0cah89 Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA) , IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, SpainAbstract Background Physical exercise improves mental and physical health of individuals with severe mental illness (SMI); however, its impact on metabolic syndrome remains unclear. Aims To evaluate the effects of exercise interventions on metabolic syndrome components in individuals with SMI and explore interactions between exercise and antipsychotic medications on metabolic outcomes. Methods Following PRISMA guidelines, we systematically searched PubMed, CINAHL, Web of Science, and APA PsycINFO through October 10, 2023, for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing the effects of exercise on waist circumference, blood pressure, glucose, triglycerides, and HDL cholesterol in SMI. Risk of bias was evaluated using the Cochrane RoB-2 tool. Data were pooled using random-effects models in Comprehensive Meta-Analysis and JASP. Results Ten RCTs (N = 773; mean age 39.9 ± 7.36 years; 38.7% female; 71.5% schizophrenia spectrum disorders) met inclusion criteria. Pooled analyses revealed no significant effects of exercise on waist circumference (SMD = 0.206, 95% CI [−0.118, 0.530], p = 0.171), systolic blood pressure (SMD = 0.194, 95% CI [−0.115, 0.504], p = 0.219), diastolic blood pressure (SMD = −0.21, 95% CI [−0.854, 0.434], p = 0.522), HDL (SMD = 0.157, 95% CI [−0.36, 0.674], p = 0.551), triglycerides (SMD = −0.041, 95% CI [−0.461, 0.38], p = 0.849), or glucose (SMD = −0.071, 95% CI [−0.213, 0.071], p = 0.326). Heterogeneity was moderate to high. Conclusions Exercise interventions did not significantly improve metabolic syndrome components in SMI. Future trials must prioritize tailored regimens, adjunctive therapies, and rigorous control of medication effects. https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S0924933825100643/type/journal_articlemetabolic syndromephysical exercisepsychotic disorderschizophreniasevere mental disorder |
| spellingShingle | Arantxa Ancín-Osés Mikel Izquierdo Manuel J. Cuesta Mikel L. Sáez de Asteasu Effects of physical exercise on metabolic syndrome in psychotic disorders: A systematic review with meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials European Psychiatry metabolic syndrome physical exercise psychotic disorder schizophrenia severe mental disorder |
| title | Effects of physical exercise on metabolic syndrome in psychotic disorders: A systematic review with meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials |
| title_full | Effects of physical exercise on metabolic syndrome in psychotic disorders: A systematic review with meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials |
| title_fullStr | Effects of physical exercise on metabolic syndrome in psychotic disorders: A systematic review with meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effects of physical exercise on metabolic syndrome in psychotic disorders: A systematic review with meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials |
| title_short | Effects of physical exercise on metabolic syndrome in psychotic disorders: A systematic review with meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials |
| title_sort | effects of physical exercise on metabolic syndrome in psychotic disorders a systematic review with meta analysis of randomized controlled trials |
| topic | metabolic syndrome physical exercise psychotic disorder schizophrenia severe mental disorder |
| url | https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S0924933825100643/type/journal_article |
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