Establishment and validation of a convenient and efficient screening tool for active pulmonary tuberculosis in lung cancer patients based on common parameters

Background: Coexistent pulmonary tuberculosis and lung cancer (PTB-LC) is a rare type of disease with frequent under- and/or mis-diagnosis. Establishment of a reliable screening model for PTB-LC holds considerable medical and economic significance. Objectives: We aimed to develop an efficient and co...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Fan Zhang, Fei Qi, Mengyan Sun, Peng Jiang, Minghang Zhang, Xiaomi Li, Yujie Dong, Juan Du, Liang Li, Tongmei Zhang
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: SAGE Publishing 2025-07-01
Series:Therapeutic Advances in Medical Oncology
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1177/17588359251355058
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849316497349935104
author Fan Zhang
Fei Qi
Mengyan Sun
Peng Jiang
Minghang Zhang
Xiaomi Li
Yujie Dong
Juan Du
Liang Li
Tongmei Zhang
author_facet Fan Zhang
Fei Qi
Mengyan Sun
Peng Jiang
Minghang Zhang
Xiaomi Li
Yujie Dong
Juan Du
Liang Li
Tongmei Zhang
author_sort Fan Zhang
collection DOAJ
description Background: Coexistent pulmonary tuberculosis and lung cancer (PTB-LC) is a rare type of disease with frequent under- and/or mis-diagnosis. Establishment of a reliable screening model for PTB-LC holds considerable medical and economic significance. Objectives: We aimed to develop an efficient and convenient tool to identify high-risk individuals for tuberculosis (TB) infection among LC patients based on commonly available parameters in clinical practice. Design: This study consisted of a primary retrospective patient cohort for model construction and verification, and a prospective patient cohort for prospective validation. Methods: Patients with active PTB-LC and LC diagnosed in Beijing Chest Hospital from 2018 to 2022 were collected and 1:1 matched according to time of admission and were classified into a training set ( n  = 281) and testing set ( n  = 121). Baseline information, clinicopathological features, imaging manifestations, and blood testing results were collected and analyzed. Five machine learning methods, including logistic regression (LR), random forest (RF), support vector machine (SVM), decision tree (DT), and neural network (NN), were employed to develop a screening model for PTB-LC. Results: Through multivariable analysis, gender, pleural effusion, cavitation, monocyte count (MONO), and plasma adenosine deaminase (ADA) levels were identified as independent predictors of PTB-LC and included in model construction. LR, RF, SVM, DT, and NN were used to construct the screening or pre-diagnosis models. The RF demonstrated the best performance with an area under the curve of 0.966 in the training set, 0.817 in the testing set, and 0.805 in the prospective dataset. The accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score of the RF model of the training set were 0.88, 0.87, 0.89, and 0.88, respectively, and these indicators of the testing set were 0.71, 0.75, 0.72, and 0.74, respectively, which were superior to those of other methods. The prospective cohort further validated the good performance of the screening model. We also established a nomogram with gender, pleural effusion, cavitation, MONO, and serum ADA in assessing high-risk patients of developing TB infection. Further TB-related diagnostic tests were recommended for these high-risk patients. Conclusion: The RF screening model constructed with gender, pleural effusion, cavitation, MONO, and ADA may help identify high-risk patients of PTB-LC from LC alone cases.
format Article
id doaj-art-b8375df1d66344a3a2c0d67db286a61e
institution Kabale University
issn 1758-8359
language English
publishDate 2025-07-01
publisher SAGE Publishing
record_format Article
series Therapeutic Advances in Medical Oncology
spelling doaj-art-b8375df1d66344a3a2c0d67db286a61e2025-08-20T03:51:43ZengSAGE PublishingTherapeutic Advances in Medical Oncology1758-83592025-07-011710.1177/17588359251355058Establishment and validation of a convenient and efficient screening tool for active pulmonary tuberculosis in lung cancer patients based on common parametersFan ZhangFei QiMengyan SunPeng JiangMinghang ZhangXiaomi LiYujie DongJuan DuLiang LiTongmei ZhangBackground: Coexistent pulmonary tuberculosis and lung cancer (PTB-LC) is a rare type of disease with frequent under- and/or mis-diagnosis. Establishment of a reliable screening model for PTB-LC holds considerable medical and economic significance. Objectives: We aimed to develop an efficient and convenient tool to identify high-risk individuals for tuberculosis (TB) infection among LC patients based on commonly available parameters in clinical practice. Design: This study consisted of a primary retrospective patient cohort for model construction and verification, and a prospective patient cohort for prospective validation. Methods: Patients with active PTB-LC and LC diagnosed in Beijing Chest Hospital from 2018 to 2022 were collected and 1:1 matched according to time of admission and were classified into a training set ( n  = 281) and testing set ( n  = 121). Baseline information, clinicopathological features, imaging manifestations, and blood testing results were collected and analyzed. Five machine learning methods, including logistic regression (LR), random forest (RF), support vector machine (SVM), decision tree (DT), and neural network (NN), were employed to develop a screening model for PTB-LC. Results: Through multivariable analysis, gender, pleural effusion, cavitation, monocyte count (MONO), and plasma adenosine deaminase (ADA) levels were identified as independent predictors of PTB-LC and included in model construction. LR, RF, SVM, DT, and NN were used to construct the screening or pre-diagnosis models. The RF demonstrated the best performance with an area under the curve of 0.966 in the training set, 0.817 in the testing set, and 0.805 in the prospective dataset. The accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score of the RF model of the training set were 0.88, 0.87, 0.89, and 0.88, respectively, and these indicators of the testing set were 0.71, 0.75, 0.72, and 0.74, respectively, which were superior to those of other methods. The prospective cohort further validated the good performance of the screening model. We also established a nomogram with gender, pleural effusion, cavitation, MONO, and serum ADA in assessing high-risk patients of developing TB infection. Further TB-related diagnostic tests were recommended for these high-risk patients. Conclusion: The RF screening model constructed with gender, pleural effusion, cavitation, MONO, and ADA may help identify high-risk patients of PTB-LC from LC alone cases.https://doi.org/10.1177/17588359251355058
spellingShingle Fan Zhang
Fei Qi
Mengyan Sun
Peng Jiang
Minghang Zhang
Xiaomi Li
Yujie Dong
Juan Du
Liang Li
Tongmei Zhang
Establishment and validation of a convenient and efficient screening tool for active pulmonary tuberculosis in lung cancer patients based on common parameters
Therapeutic Advances in Medical Oncology
title Establishment and validation of a convenient and efficient screening tool for active pulmonary tuberculosis in lung cancer patients based on common parameters
title_full Establishment and validation of a convenient and efficient screening tool for active pulmonary tuberculosis in lung cancer patients based on common parameters
title_fullStr Establishment and validation of a convenient and efficient screening tool for active pulmonary tuberculosis in lung cancer patients based on common parameters
title_full_unstemmed Establishment and validation of a convenient and efficient screening tool for active pulmonary tuberculosis in lung cancer patients based on common parameters
title_short Establishment and validation of a convenient and efficient screening tool for active pulmonary tuberculosis in lung cancer patients based on common parameters
title_sort establishment and validation of a convenient and efficient screening tool for active pulmonary tuberculosis in lung cancer patients based on common parameters
url https://doi.org/10.1177/17588359251355058
work_keys_str_mv AT fanzhang establishmentandvalidationofaconvenientandefficientscreeningtoolforactivepulmonarytuberculosisinlungcancerpatientsbasedoncommonparameters
AT feiqi establishmentandvalidationofaconvenientandefficientscreeningtoolforactivepulmonarytuberculosisinlungcancerpatientsbasedoncommonparameters
AT mengyansun establishmentandvalidationofaconvenientandefficientscreeningtoolforactivepulmonarytuberculosisinlungcancerpatientsbasedoncommonparameters
AT pengjiang establishmentandvalidationofaconvenientandefficientscreeningtoolforactivepulmonarytuberculosisinlungcancerpatientsbasedoncommonparameters
AT minghangzhang establishmentandvalidationofaconvenientandefficientscreeningtoolforactivepulmonarytuberculosisinlungcancerpatientsbasedoncommonparameters
AT xiaomili establishmentandvalidationofaconvenientandefficientscreeningtoolforactivepulmonarytuberculosisinlungcancerpatientsbasedoncommonparameters
AT yujiedong establishmentandvalidationofaconvenientandefficientscreeningtoolforactivepulmonarytuberculosisinlungcancerpatientsbasedoncommonparameters
AT juandu establishmentandvalidationofaconvenientandefficientscreeningtoolforactivepulmonarytuberculosisinlungcancerpatientsbasedoncommonparameters
AT liangli establishmentandvalidationofaconvenientandefficientscreeningtoolforactivepulmonarytuberculosisinlungcancerpatientsbasedoncommonparameters
AT tongmeizhang establishmentandvalidationofaconvenientandefficientscreeningtoolforactivepulmonarytuberculosisinlungcancerpatientsbasedoncommonparameters