Toxic Effects of p-Chloroaniline on Cells of Fungus <i>Isaria fumosorosea</i> SP535 and the Role of Cytochrome P450

Efficient methods to remediate PCA (p-chloroaniline)-polluted environments are urgent due to the widespread persistence and toxicity of PCA in the environment. Microbial degradation presents a promising approach for remediating PCA pollution. However, the PCA-degrading fungi still have yet to be exp...

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Main Authors: Shicong Huang, Jiahui Gao, Lin Zhou, Liujian Gao, Mengke Song, Qiaoyun Zeng
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-06-01
Series:Toxics
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2305-6304/13/6/506
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author Shicong Huang
Jiahui Gao
Lin Zhou
Liujian Gao
Mengke Song
Qiaoyun Zeng
author_facet Shicong Huang
Jiahui Gao
Lin Zhou
Liujian Gao
Mengke Song
Qiaoyun Zeng
author_sort Shicong Huang
collection DOAJ
description Efficient methods to remediate PCA (p-chloroaniline)-polluted environments are urgent due to the widespread persistence and toxicity of PCA in the environment. Microbial degradation presents a promising approach for remediating PCA pollution. However, the PCA-degrading fungi still have yet to be explored. This study confirmed the highly PCA-degrading efficiency of an isolated fungus, <i>Isaria fumosorosea</i> SP535. This fungus can achieve a PCA degradation efficiency of 100% under optimal conditions characterized by an initial PCA concentration of 1.0 mM, pH of 7.0 and a temperature of 25 °C. SEM and TEM analyses revealed that the toxicity of PCA resulted in roughened surfaces of <i>Isaria fumosorosea</i> SP535 hyphae, voids in the cytoplasm, and thickened cell walls. PCA addition significantly elevated the activities of cytochrome P450 monooxygenase in both cell-free extracts and microsomal fractions in the media, suggesting the important role of the P450 system in PCA metabolization by <i>Isaria fumosorosea</i> SP535. The results provide a microbial resource and fundamental knowledge for addressing PCA pollution.
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issn 2305-6304
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series Toxics
spelling doaj-art-b8344ac3342f4019968f35e79a203a792025-08-20T02:21:49ZengMDPI AGToxics2305-63042025-06-0113650610.3390/toxics13060506Toxic Effects of p-Chloroaniline on Cells of Fungus <i>Isaria fumosorosea</i> SP535 and the Role of Cytochrome P450Shicong Huang0Jiahui Gao1Lin Zhou2Liujian Gao3Mengke Song4Qiaoyun Zeng5College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, ChinaCollege of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, ChinaCollege of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, ChinaCollege of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, ChinaCollege of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, ChinaCollege of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, ChinaEfficient methods to remediate PCA (p-chloroaniline)-polluted environments are urgent due to the widespread persistence and toxicity of PCA in the environment. Microbial degradation presents a promising approach for remediating PCA pollution. However, the PCA-degrading fungi still have yet to be explored. This study confirmed the highly PCA-degrading efficiency of an isolated fungus, <i>Isaria fumosorosea</i> SP535. This fungus can achieve a PCA degradation efficiency of 100% under optimal conditions characterized by an initial PCA concentration of 1.0 mM, pH of 7.0 and a temperature of 25 °C. SEM and TEM analyses revealed that the toxicity of PCA resulted in roughened surfaces of <i>Isaria fumosorosea</i> SP535 hyphae, voids in the cytoplasm, and thickened cell walls. PCA addition significantly elevated the activities of cytochrome P450 monooxygenase in both cell-free extracts and microsomal fractions in the media, suggesting the important role of the P450 system in PCA metabolization by <i>Isaria fumosorosea</i> SP535. The results provide a microbial resource and fundamental knowledge for addressing PCA pollution.https://www.mdpi.com/2305-6304/13/6/506p-chloroanilinefungusbiodegradationtoxicitycytochrome P450 monooxygenase
spellingShingle Shicong Huang
Jiahui Gao
Lin Zhou
Liujian Gao
Mengke Song
Qiaoyun Zeng
Toxic Effects of p-Chloroaniline on Cells of Fungus <i>Isaria fumosorosea</i> SP535 and the Role of Cytochrome P450
Toxics
p-chloroaniline
fungus
biodegradation
toxicity
cytochrome P450 monooxygenase
title Toxic Effects of p-Chloroaniline on Cells of Fungus <i>Isaria fumosorosea</i> SP535 and the Role of Cytochrome P450
title_full Toxic Effects of p-Chloroaniline on Cells of Fungus <i>Isaria fumosorosea</i> SP535 and the Role of Cytochrome P450
title_fullStr Toxic Effects of p-Chloroaniline on Cells of Fungus <i>Isaria fumosorosea</i> SP535 and the Role of Cytochrome P450
title_full_unstemmed Toxic Effects of p-Chloroaniline on Cells of Fungus <i>Isaria fumosorosea</i> SP535 and the Role of Cytochrome P450
title_short Toxic Effects of p-Chloroaniline on Cells of Fungus <i>Isaria fumosorosea</i> SP535 and the Role of Cytochrome P450
title_sort toxic effects of p chloroaniline on cells of fungus i isaria fumosorosea i sp535 and the role of cytochrome p450
topic p-chloroaniline
fungus
biodegradation
toxicity
cytochrome P450 monooxygenase
url https://www.mdpi.com/2305-6304/13/6/506
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