Assessing Spatio-Temporal Hydrological Impacts of Climate Change in the Siliana Watershed, Northwestern Tunisia

Climate change is one of the most critical factors impacting hydrological dynamic systems. This study investigated how climate change influences the hydrological dynamics within the Siliana watershed in northwestern Tunisia, employing the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model. The analysis com...

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Main Authors: Imen El Ghoul, Haykel Sellami, Slaheddine Khlifi, Marnik Vanclooster
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2024-10-01
Series:Atmosphere
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/15/10/1209
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author Imen El Ghoul
Haykel Sellami
Slaheddine Khlifi
Marnik Vanclooster
author_facet Imen El Ghoul
Haykel Sellami
Slaheddine Khlifi
Marnik Vanclooster
author_sort Imen El Ghoul
collection DOAJ
description Climate change is one of the most critical factors impacting hydrological dynamic systems. This study investigated how climate change influences the hydrological dynamics within the Siliana watershed in northwestern Tunisia, employing the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model. The analysis compared streamflow patterns for the future period (2046–2072) with a baseline period (1979–2005). Simulations were carried out using four combinations of regional and global climate models from EURO-CORDEX, based on two Representative Concentration Pathways (RCP4.5 and RCP8.5). The results indicate a projected annual precipitation decrease of 22% with RCP4.5 and 27% with RCP8.5, accompanied by a temperature rise of up to 7 °C under RCP8.5. Streamflow is anticipated to decrease by 44% under RCP4.5 and 69% under RCP8.5. Extreme events show intensified high flows of shorter durations and increased low flows. Analysis using the Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) revealed longer and more intense droughts. Under the RCP8.5 scenario, 24% of the watershed faces extreme drought, while 76% experiences severe drought conditions. These findings highlight notable changes in hydrological indicators, emphasizing the urgent need for adaptive strategies in water resource management within the Siliana Basin to mitigate the effects of climate change.
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spelling doaj-art-b80a216fbcda4f7e94c5144d4a5dae932025-08-20T02:11:11ZengMDPI AGAtmosphere2073-44332024-10-011510120910.3390/atmos15101209Assessing Spatio-Temporal Hydrological Impacts of Climate Change in the Siliana Watershed, Northwestern TunisiaImen El Ghoul0Haykel Sellami1Slaheddine Khlifi2Marnik Vanclooster3UR-Gestion Durable des Ressources en Eau et en Sol, Ecole Supérieure des Ingénieurs de Medjez El Bab, Université de Jendouba, Medjez El Bab 9070, TunisiaLaboratory of Georesources, Centre for Water Research and Technology, Soliman 8020, TunisiaUR-Gestion Durable des Ressources en Eau et en Sol, Ecole Supérieure des Ingénieurs de Medjez El Bab, Université de Jendouba, Medjez El Bab 9070, TunisiaEarth and Life Institute (ELI), Université Catholique de Louvain, 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, BelgiumClimate change is one of the most critical factors impacting hydrological dynamic systems. This study investigated how climate change influences the hydrological dynamics within the Siliana watershed in northwestern Tunisia, employing the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model. The analysis compared streamflow patterns for the future period (2046–2072) with a baseline period (1979–2005). Simulations were carried out using four combinations of regional and global climate models from EURO-CORDEX, based on two Representative Concentration Pathways (RCP4.5 and RCP8.5). The results indicate a projected annual precipitation decrease of 22% with RCP4.5 and 27% with RCP8.5, accompanied by a temperature rise of up to 7 °C under RCP8.5. Streamflow is anticipated to decrease by 44% under RCP4.5 and 69% under RCP8.5. Extreme events show intensified high flows of shorter durations and increased low flows. Analysis using the Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) revealed longer and more intense droughts. Under the RCP8.5 scenario, 24% of the watershed faces extreme drought, while 76% experiences severe drought conditions. These findings highlight notable changes in hydrological indicators, emphasizing the urgent need for adaptive strategies in water resource management within the Siliana Basin to mitigate the effects of climate change.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/15/10/1209climate changestreamflowclimate modelsSPEISWAThydrologic indicators
spellingShingle Imen El Ghoul
Haykel Sellami
Slaheddine Khlifi
Marnik Vanclooster
Assessing Spatio-Temporal Hydrological Impacts of Climate Change in the Siliana Watershed, Northwestern Tunisia
Atmosphere
climate change
streamflow
climate models
SPEI
SWAT
hydrologic indicators
title Assessing Spatio-Temporal Hydrological Impacts of Climate Change in the Siliana Watershed, Northwestern Tunisia
title_full Assessing Spatio-Temporal Hydrological Impacts of Climate Change in the Siliana Watershed, Northwestern Tunisia
title_fullStr Assessing Spatio-Temporal Hydrological Impacts of Climate Change in the Siliana Watershed, Northwestern Tunisia
title_full_unstemmed Assessing Spatio-Temporal Hydrological Impacts of Climate Change in the Siliana Watershed, Northwestern Tunisia
title_short Assessing Spatio-Temporal Hydrological Impacts of Climate Change in the Siliana Watershed, Northwestern Tunisia
title_sort assessing spatio temporal hydrological impacts of climate change in the siliana watershed northwestern tunisia
topic climate change
streamflow
climate models
SPEI
SWAT
hydrologic indicators
url https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/15/10/1209
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AT slaheddinekhlifi assessingspatiotemporalhydrologicalimpactsofclimatechangeinthesilianawatershednorthwesterntunisia
AT marnikvanclooster assessingspatiotemporalhydrologicalimpactsofclimatechangeinthesilianawatershednorthwesterntunisia