Characterizing the Genetic Basis of Winter Wheat Rust Resistance in Southern Kazakhstan
In an effort to enhance wheat’s resilience against rust diseases, our research explores the genetic underpinnings of resistance in a diverse collection of winter bread wheat accessions. Leaf rust (<i>Puccinia triticina</i>), yellow rust (<i>Puccinia striiformis</i> f. sp. <...
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2025-04-01
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| author | Shynbolat Rsaliyev Elena Gultyaeva Olga Baranova Alma Kokhmetova Rahim Urazaliev Ekaterina Shaydayuk Akbope Abdikadyrova Galiya Abugali |
| author_facet | Shynbolat Rsaliyev Elena Gultyaeva Olga Baranova Alma Kokhmetova Rahim Urazaliev Ekaterina Shaydayuk Akbope Abdikadyrova Galiya Abugali |
| author_sort | Shynbolat Rsaliyev |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In an effort to enhance wheat’s resilience against rust diseases, our research explores the genetic underpinnings of resistance in a diverse collection of winter bread wheat accessions. Leaf rust (<i>Puccinia triticina</i>), yellow rust (<i>Puccinia striiformis</i> f. sp. <i>tritici</i>), and stem rust (<i>Puccinia graminis</i> f. sp. <i>tritici</i>) are significant threats to global wheat production. By leveraging host genetic resistance, we can improve disease management strategies. Our study evaluated 55 wheat accessions, including germplasm from Kazakhstan, from Uzbekistan, from Russia, from Kyrgyzstan, France, and CIMMYT under field conditions in southern Kazakhstan from 2022 to 2024. The results showed a robust resistance profile: 49.1% of accessions exhibited high to moderate resistance to leaf rust, 12.7% to yellow rust, and 30.9% to stem rust. Notably, ten accessions demonstrated resistance to multiple rust species, while seven showed resistance to two rusts. Twenty accessions were selected for further seedling resistance and molecular analysis. Three accessions proved resistant to six isolates of <i>P. triticina</i>, two to four isolates of <i>P. striiformis</i>, and four to five isolates of <i>P. graminis</i>. Although no genotypes were found to be universally resistant to all rust species at the seedling stage, two accessions—Bezostaya 100 (Russia) and KIZ 90 (Kazakhstan)—displayed consistent resistance to leaf and stem rust in both seedling and field evaluations. Molecular analysis revealed the presence of key resistance genes, including <i>Lr1</i>, <i>Lr3</i>, <i>Lr26</i>, <i>Lr34</i>, <i>Yr9</i>, <i>Yr18</i>, <i>Sr31</i>, <i>Sr57</i>, and the 1AL.1RS translocation. This work provides valuable insights into the genetic landscape of wheat rust resistance and contributes to the development of new wheat cultivars that can withstand these diseases, enhancing global food security. |
| format | Article |
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| publishDate | 2025-04-01 |
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| spelling | doaj-art-b7fa1d5812a14830881e409efa46dac52025-08-20T02:15:54ZengMDPI AGPlants2223-77472025-04-01147114610.3390/plants14071146Characterizing the Genetic Basis of Winter Wheat Rust Resistance in Southern KazakhstanShynbolat Rsaliyev0Elena Gultyaeva1Olga Baranova2Alma Kokhmetova3Rahim Urazaliev4Ekaterina Shaydayuk5Akbope Abdikadyrova6Galiya Abugali7Kazakh Research Institute of Agriculture and Plant Growing, Almalybak 040909, KazakhstanAll Russian Institute of Plant Protection, Shosse Podbelskogo 3, 196608 St. Petersburg, RussiaAll Russian Institute of Plant Protection, Shosse Podbelskogo 3, 196608 St. Petersburg, RussiaInstitute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Almaty 050040, KazakhstanKazakh Research Institute of Agriculture and Plant Growing, Almalybak 040909, KazakhstanAll Russian Institute of Plant Protection, Shosse Podbelskogo 3, 196608 St. Petersburg, RussiaKazakh Research Institute of Agriculture and Plant Growing, Almalybak 040909, KazakhstanKazakh Research Institute of Agriculture and Plant Growing, Almalybak 040909, KazakhstanIn an effort to enhance wheat’s resilience against rust diseases, our research explores the genetic underpinnings of resistance in a diverse collection of winter bread wheat accessions. Leaf rust (<i>Puccinia triticina</i>), yellow rust (<i>Puccinia striiformis</i> f. sp. <i>tritici</i>), and stem rust (<i>Puccinia graminis</i> f. sp. <i>tritici</i>) are significant threats to global wheat production. By leveraging host genetic resistance, we can improve disease management strategies. Our study evaluated 55 wheat accessions, including germplasm from Kazakhstan, from Uzbekistan, from Russia, from Kyrgyzstan, France, and CIMMYT under field conditions in southern Kazakhstan from 2022 to 2024. The results showed a robust resistance profile: 49.1% of accessions exhibited high to moderate resistance to leaf rust, 12.7% to yellow rust, and 30.9% to stem rust. Notably, ten accessions demonstrated resistance to multiple rust species, while seven showed resistance to two rusts. Twenty accessions were selected for further seedling resistance and molecular analysis. Three accessions proved resistant to six isolates of <i>P. triticina</i>, two to four isolates of <i>P. striiformis</i>, and four to five isolates of <i>P. graminis</i>. Although no genotypes were found to be universally resistant to all rust species at the seedling stage, two accessions—Bezostaya 100 (Russia) and KIZ 90 (Kazakhstan)—displayed consistent resistance to leaf and stem rust in both seedling and field evaluations. Molecular analysis revealed the presence of key resistance genes, including <i>Lr1</i>, <i>Lr3</i>, <i>Lr26</i>, <i>Lr34</i>, <i>Yr9</i>, <i>Yr18</i>, <i>Sr31</i>, <i>Sr57</i>, and the 1AL.1RS translocation. This work provides valuable insights into the genetic landscape of wheat rust resistance and contributes to the development of new wheat cultivars that can withstand these diseases, enhancing global food security.https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/14/7/1146leaf rustyellow ruststem rustmolecular markersresistance geneswheat |
| spellingShingle | Shynbolat Rsaliyev Elena Gultyaeva Olga Baranova Alma Kokhmetova Rahim Urazaliev Ekaterina Shaydayuk Akbope Abdikadyrova Galiya Abugali Characterizing the Genetic Basis of Winter Wheat Rust Resistance in Southern Kazakhstan Plants leaf rust yellow rust stem rust molecular markers resistance genes wheat |
| title | Characterizing the Genetic Basis of Winter Wheat Rust Resistance in Southern Kazakhstan |
| title_full | Characterizing the Genetic Basis of Winter Wheat Rust Resistance in Southern Kazakhstan |
| title_fullStr | Characterizing the Genetic Basis of Winter Wheat Rust Resistance in Southern Kazakhstan |
| title_full_unstemmed | Characterizing the Genetic Basis of Winter Wheat Rust Resistance in Southern Kazakhstan |
| title_short | Characterizing the Genetic Basis of Winter Wheat Rust Resistance in Southern Kazakhstan |
| title_sort | characterizing the genetic basis of winter wheat rust resistance in southern kazakhstan |
| topic | leaf rust yellow rust stem rust molecular markers resistance genes wheat |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/14/7/1146 |
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