New approach methodologies for in vitro toxicity screening of nanomaterial using a pulmonary three-dimensional floating extracellular matrix model
Abstract Background Nanomaterials offer increasing applications across diverse sectors, including food science, medicine, and electronics. Environmental risk assessment is crucial for ensuring the safety and sustainability of nanomaterials. However, high-throughput screening (HTS) of their potential...
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BMC
2025-07-01
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| Series: | Journal of Biological Engineering |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13036-025-00532-w |
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| author | Soojin Kim Mi-Sun Choi Hyun Jegal Min Beom Heo Minjeong Kwak Hyun Kyong Shon Seungwoo Song Tae Geol Lee Ji-Ho Park Dong Woo Lee Seokjoo Yoon Jung-Hwa Oh |
| author_facet | Soojin Kim Mi-Sun Choi Hyun Jegal Min Beom Heo Minjeong Kwak Hyun Kyong Shon Seungwoo Song Tae Geol Lee Ji-Ho Park Dong Woo Lee Seokjoo Yoon Jung-Hwa Oh |
| author_sort | Soojin Kim |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Nanomaterials offer increasing applications across diverse sectors, including food science, medicine, and electronics. Environmental risk assessment is crucial for ensuring the safety and sustainability of nanomaterials. However, high-throughput screening (HTS) of their potential toxicity remains challenging owing to their unique physicochemical properties. Results This study introduces a novel pulmonary three-dimensional (3D) floating extracellular matrix (ECM) model utilizing a 384-pillar/well platform for HTS of nanotoxicity. Compared with conventional HTS models based on two-dimensional (2D) cells, the 3D model developed in this study successfully addressed the issues related to the aggregation and sedimentation of nanoparticles and their possible optical interference with the toxicity assays. Using 20 nm silica nanoparticles (SiNPs), we assessed cell viability and nanoparticle uptake in both serum-containing and serum-free culture media. While the 2D model showed high SiNPs toxicity regardless of the media composition, the pulmonary 3D floating ECM model demonstrated variable toxicities that depended on the SiNPs behaviors under different conditions. Conclusions By reducing the uncertainties associated with the sedimentation and optical interference of nanomaterials, our 3D model provided a more precise analysis of cytotoxicity. This study highlights the potential of using new approach methodologies and improved HTS approaches to enhance the efficiency and accuracy of risk assessment protocols for emerging nanomaterials. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-b7e52d29de2e405498b62875070515d9 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1754-1611 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-07-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Biological Engineering |
| spelling | doaj-art-b7e52d29de2e405498b62875070515d92025-08-20T03:45:32ZengBMCJournal of Biological Engineering1754-16112025-07-0119111510.1186/s13036-025-00532-wNew approach methodologies for in vitro toxicity screening of nanomaterial using a pulmonary three-dimensional floating extracellular matrix modelSoojin Kim0Mi-Sun Choi1Hyun Jegal2Min Beom Heo3Minjeong Kwak4Hyun Kyong Shon5Seungwoo Song6Tae Geol Lee7Ji-Ho Park8Dong Woo Lee9Seokjoo Yoon10Jung-Hwa Oh11Department of Bio and Brain Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)Center for Predictive Model Research, Korea Institute of Toxicology (KIT)Center for Predictive Model Research, Korea Institute of Toxicology (KIT)Division of Biomedical Metrology, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science (KRISS)Division of Biomedical Metrology, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science (KRISS)Division of Biomedical Metrology, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science (KRISS)Strategic Technology Research Institute, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science (KRISS)Division of Biomedical Metrology, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science (KRISS)Department of Bio and Brain Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)Department of Biomedical Engineering, Gachon UniversityCenter for Predictive Model Research, Korea Institute of Toxicology (KIT)Center for Predictive Model Research, Korea Institute of Toxicology (KIT)Abstract Background Nanomaterials offer increasing applications across diverse sectors, including food science, medicine, and electronics. Environmental risk assessment is crucial for ensuring the safety and sustainability of nanomaterials. However, high-throughput screening (HTS) of their potential toxicity remains challenging owing to their unique physicochemical properties. Results This study introduces a novel pulmonary three-dimensional (3D) floating extracellular matrix (ECM) model utilizing a 384-pillar/well platform for HTS of nanotoxicity. Compared with conventional HTS models based on two-dimensional (2D) cells, the 3D model developed in this study successfully addressed the issues related to the aggregation and sedimentation of nanoparticles and their possible optical interference with the toxicity assays. Using 20 nm silica nanoparticles (SiNPs), we assessed cell viability and nanoparticle uptake in both serum-containing and serum-free culture media. While the 2D model showed high SiNPs toxicity regardless of the media composition, the pulmonary 3D floating ECM model demonstrated variable toxicities that depended on the SiNPs behaviors under different conditions. Conclusions By reducing the uncertainties associated with the sedimentation and optical interference of nanomaterials, our 3D model provided a more precise analysis of cytotoxicity. This study highlights the potential of using new approach methodologies and improved HTS approaches to enhance the efficiency and accuracy of risk assessment protocols for emerging nanomaterials.https://doi.org/10.1186/s13036-025-00532-wNew approach methodologiesSilica nanoparticlesin vitro cytotoxicityHigh-throughput screeningThree-dimensional cellExtracellular matrix |
| spellingShingle | Soojin Kim Mi-Sun Choi Hyun Jegal Min Beom Heo Minjeong Kwak Hyun Kyong Shon Seungwoo Song Tae Geol Lee Ji-Ho Park Dong Woo Lee Seokjoo Yoon Jung-Hwa Oh New approach methodologies for in vitro toxicity screening of nanomaterial using a pulmonary three-dimensional floating extracellular matrix model Journal of Biological Engineering New approach methodologies Silica nanoparticles in vitro cytotoxicity High-throughput screening Three-dimensional cell Extracellular matrix |
| title | New approach methodologies for in vitro toxicity screening of nanomaterial using a pulmonary three-dimensional floating extracellular matrix model |
| title_full | New approach methodologies for in vitro toxicity screening of nanomaterial using a pulmonary three-dimensional floating extracellular matrix model |
| title_fullStr | New approach methodologies for in vitro toxicity screening of nanomaterial using a pulmonary three-dimensional floating extracellular matrix model |
| title_full_unstemmed | New approach methodologies for in vitro toxicity screening of nanomaterial using a pulmonary three-dimensional floating extracellular matrix model |
| title_short | New approach methodologies for in vitro toxicity screening of nanomaterial using a pulmonary three-dimensional floating extracellular matrix model |
| title_sort | new approach methodologies for in vitro toxicity screening of nanomaterial using a pulmonary three dimensional floating extracellular matrix model |
| topic | New approach methodologies Silica nanoparticles in vitro cytotoxicity High-throughput screening Three-dimensional cell Extracellular matrix |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13036-025-00532-w |
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