Microbial Community Dynamics and Biogeochemical Cycling in Microplastic-Contaminated Sediment

Sediments are important repositories for microplastics (MPs) which exhibit higher microbial community richness and greater diversity than corresponding aqueous phases. Recently, the effects of MPs on microorganisms in sediments have received widespread attention. This review summarizes current knowl...

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Main Authors: Xuanxuan Zhang, Dina Ding, Yinglin Liu, Zhiming Yao, Pingping Duan, Hanyu Yuan, Hanzhong Fan, Yanhui Dai
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-06-01
Series:Nanomaterials
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/15/12/902
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author Xuanxuan Zhang
Dina Ding
Yinglin Liu
Zhiming Yao
Pingping Duan
Hanyu Yuan
Hanzhong Fan
Yanhui Dai
author_facet Xuanxuan Zhang
Dina Ding
Yinglin Liu
Zhiming Yao
Pingping Duan
Hanyu Yuan
Hanzhong Fan
Yanhui Dai
author_sort Xuanxuan Zhang
collection DOAJ
description Sediments are important repositories for microplastics (MPs) which exhibit higher microbial community richness and greater diversity than corresponding aqueous phases. Recently, the effects of MPs on microorganisms in sediments have received widespread attention. This review summarizes current knowledge on how MPs alter microbial diversity, composition, function, and biogeochemical cycling in sedimentary environments. The impacts of MPs on microorganisms in sediments can be affected by several factors, including MP type, the sedimentary environment, exposure time, and exposure concentration. Generally, biodegradable MPs cause more significant changes to the microbial community structure in sediments due to degradability and high bioavailability. Short-term exposure to MPs may enhance microbial diversity, and long-term exposure may lead to a reduction in diversity. High concentrations cause more serious impacts on microbial diversity than low concentrations. MPs mainly interfere with cycles of carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, and sulfur in the sedimentary environment by changing microbial community structure, enzyme activity, and gene abundance. In conclusion, key research gaps are pinpointed, and future research directions presented. This review provides valuable insights into the health risks and ecological responses of MPs in sedimentary environments.
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institution Kabale University
issn 2079-4991
language English
publishDate 2025-06-01
publisher MDPI AG
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series Nanomaterials
spelling doaj-art-b7301de03e18444ba82a16d4a5ec5fd92025-08-20T03:27:25ZengMDPI AGNanomaterials2079-49912025-06-01151290210.3390/nano15120902Microbial Community Dynamics and Biogeochemical Cycling in Microplastic-Contaminated SedimentXuanxuan Zhang0Dina Ding1Yinglin Liu2Zhiming Yao3Pingping Duan4Hanyu Yuan5Hanzhong Fan6Yanhui Dai7Institute of Coastal Environmental Pollution Control, Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology (Ministry of Education), Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, ChinaInstitute of Coastal Environmental Pollution Control, Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology (Ministry of Education), Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, ChinaSchool of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, ChinaInstitute of Coastal Environmental Pollution Control, Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology (Ministry of Education), Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, ChinaInstitute of Coastal Environmental Pollution Control, Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology (Ministry of Education), Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, ChinaInstitute of Coastal Environmental Pollution Control, Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology (Ministry of Education), Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, ChinaInstitute of Coastal Environmental Pollution Control, Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology (Ministry of Education), Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, ChinaInstitute of Coastal Environmental Pollution Control, Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology (Ministry of Education), Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, ChinaSediments are important repositories for microplastics (MPs) which exhibit higher microbial community richness and greater diversity than corresponding aqueous phases. Recently, the effects of MPs on microorganisms in sediments have received widespread attention. This review summarizes current knowledge on how MPs alter microbial diversity, composition, function, and biogeochemical cycling in sedimentary environments. The impacts of MPs on microorganisms in sediments can be affected by several factors, including MP type, the sedimentary environment, exposure time, and exposure concentration. Generally, biodegradable MPs cause more significant changes to the microbial community structure in sediments due to degradability and high bioavailability. Short-term exposure to MPs may enhance microbial diversity, and long-term exposure may lead to a reduction in diversity. High concentrations cause more serious impacts on microbial diversity than low concentrations. MPs mainly interfere with cycles of carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, and sulfur in the sedimentary environment by changing microbial community structure, enzyme activity, and gene abundance. In conclusion, key research gaps are pinpointed, and future research directions presented. This review provides valuable insights into the health risks and ecological responses of MPs in sedimentary environments.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/15/12/902microplasticssedimentsmicrobial communitybiogeochemical cycling
spellingShingle Xuanxuan Zhang
Dina Ding
Yinglin Liu
Zhiming Yao
Pingping Duan
Hanyu Yuan
Hanzhong Fan
Yanhui Dai
Microbial Community Dynamics and Biogeochemical Cycling in Microplastic-Contaminated Sediment
Nanomaterials
microplastics
sediments
microbial community
biogeochemical cycling
title Microbial Community Dynamics and Biogeochemical Cycling in Microplastic-Contaminated Sediment
title_full Microbial Community Dynamics and Biogeochemical Cycling in Microplastic-Contaminated Sediment
title_fullStr Microbial Community Dynamics and Biogeochemical Cycling in Microplastic-Contaminated Sediment
title_full_unstemmed Microbial Community Dynamics and Biogeochemical Cycling in Microplastic-Contaminated Sediment
title_short Microbial Community Dynamics and Biogeochemical Cycling in Microplastic-Contaminated Sediment
title_sort microbial community dynamics and biogeochemical cycling in microplastic contaminated sediment
topic microplastics
sediments
microbial community
biogeochemical cycling
url https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/15/12/902
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AT zhimingyao microbialcommunitydynamicsandbiogeochemicalcyclinginmicroplasticcontaminatedsediment
AT pingpingduan microbialcommunitydynamicsandbiogeochemicalcyclinginmicroplasticcontaminatedsediment
AT hanyuyuan microbialcommunitydynamicsandbiogeochemicalcyclinginmicroplasticcontaminatedsediment
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