Orography‐Induced Atmospheric Small‐Scale Waves During Bora Using Lidar Observations and Numerical Simulations

Abstract Atmospheric flow of cold air over mountain barriers in the Alpine region often gives a rise to strong and gusty downslope wind, Bora. Such flows are often accompanied by atmospheric waves, generated by the flow passing an elevated barrier. Such phenomenon can only rarely be observed visuall...

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Main Authors: Longlong Wang, Marija Bervida Mačak, Samo Stanič, Luca Patruno, Wenjun Dong, Daru Chen
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wiley 2025-02-01
Series:Geophysical Research Letters
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1029/2024GL112400
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author Longlong Wang
Marija Bervida Mačak
Samo Stanič
Luca Patruno
Wenjun Dong
Daru Chen
author_facet Longlong Wang
Marija Bervida Mačak
Samo Stanič
Luca Patruno
Wenjun Dong
Daru Chen
author_sort Longlong Wang
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Atmospheric flow of cold air over mountain barriers in the Alpine region often gives a rise to strong and gusty downslope wind, Bora. Such flows are often accompanied by atmospheric waves, generated by the flow passing an elevated barrier. Such phenomenon can only rarely be observed visually and can generally not be reliably reproduced by simplified numerical models. Orography‐induced atmospheric small‐scale waves were experimentally observed on 25 January 2019 during a Bora outbreak in the Vipava valley, Slovenia. A vertical scanning lidar, positioned at the lee side of the Trnovski gozd mountain and a fixed direction lidar, 5 km apart in the Vipava valley, were used to characterize the density field. The flow exhibited a stationary jump after the mountain ridge and, superimposed, an oscillatory flow pattern. High‐resolution numerical simulations complemented the observations and supported experimental results on the flow periodicity but also on the wave structures and propagation characteristics.
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publishDate 2025-02-01
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series Geophysical Research Letters
spelling doaj-art-b71bc39ddc0b405db5a9ff6cf5f1e0d82025-08-20T01:50:41ZengWileyGeophysical Research Letters0094-82761944-80072025-02-01524n/an/a10.1029/2024GL112400Orography‐Induced Atmospheric Small‐Scale Waves During Bora Using Lidar Observations and Numerical SimulationsLonglong Wang0Marija Bervida Mačak1Samo Stanič2Luca Patruno3Wenjun Dong4Daru Chen5Hangzhou Institute of Advanced Studies Zhejiang Normal University Hangzhou ChinaCenter for Atmospheric Research University of Nova Gorica Nova Gorica SloveniaCenter for Atmospheric Research University of Nova Gorica Nova Gorica SloveniaDICAM, University of Bologna Bologna ItalyCenter for Space and Atmospheric Research (CSAR), Department of Physical Sciences Embry‐Riddle Aeronautical University Daytona Beach FL USAHangzhou Institute of Advanced Studies Zhejiang Normal University Hangzhou ChinaAbstract Atmospheric flow of cold air over mountain barriers in the Alpine region often gives a rise to strong and gusty downslope wind, Bora. Such flows are often accompanied by atmospheric waves, generated by the flow passing an elevated barrier. Such phenomenon can only rarely be observed visually and can generally not be reliably reproduced by simplified numerical models. Orography‐induced atmospheric small‐scale waves were experimentally observed on 25 January 2019 during a Bora outbreak in the Vipava valley, Slovenia. A vertical scanning lidar, positioned at the lee side of the Trnovski gozd mountain and a fixed direction lidar, 5 km apart in the Vipava valley, were used to characterize the density field. The flow exhibited a stationary jump after the mountain ridge and, superimposed, an oscillatory flow pattern. High‐resolution numerical simulations complemented the observations and supported experimental results on the flow periodicity but also on the wave structures and propagation characteristics.https://doi.org/10.1029/2024GL112400orography‐induced atmospheric wavesBoralidar observationsnumerical simulations
spellingShingle Longlong Wang
Marija Bervida Mačak
Samo Stanič
Luca Patruno
Wenjun Dong
Daru Chen
Orography‐Induced Atmospheric Small‐Scale Waves During Bora Using Lidar Observations and Numerical Simulations
Geophysical Research Letters
orography‐induced atmospheric waves
Bora
lidar observations
numerical simulations
title Orography‐Induced Atmospheric Small‐Scale Waves During Bora Using Lidar Observations and Numerical Simulations
title_full Orography‐Induced Atmospheric Small‐Scale Waves During Bora Using Lidar Observations and Numerical Simulations
title_fullStr Orography‐Induced Atmospheric Small‐Scale Waves During Bora Using Lidar Observations and Numerical Simulations
title_full_unstemmed Orography‐Induced Atmospheric Small‐Scale Waves During Bora Using Lidar Observations and Numerical Simulations
title_short Orography‐Induced Atmospheric Small‐Scale Waves During Bora Using Lidar Observations and Numerical Simulations
title_sort orography induced atmospheric small scale waves during bora using lidar observations and numerical simulations
topic orography‐induced atmospheric waves
Bora
lidar observations
numerical simulations
url https://doi.org/10.1029/2024GL112400
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