The Effects of <i>Lactococcus garvieae</i> and <i>Pediococcus pentosaceus</i> on the Characteristics and Microbial Community of <i>Urtica cannabina</i> Silage
The utilization of nettle (<i>Urtica cannabina</i>) as feed is restricted by its material properties (antibacterial activity and high buffering capacity). This study hypothesized that the use of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) attached to nettles can improve these problems. <i>Lactococc...
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2025-06-01
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| author | Yongcheng Chen Shuangming Li Yingchao Sun Yuxin Chai Shuan Jia Chunhui Ma Fanfan Zhang |
| author_facet | Yongcheng Chen Shuangming Li Yingchao Sun Yuxin Chai Shuan Jia Chunhui Ma Fanfan Zhang |
| author_sort | Yongcheng Chen |
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| description | The utilization of nettle (<i>Urtica cannabina</i>) as feed is restricted by its material properties (antibacterial activity and high buffering capacity). This study hypothesized that the use of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) attached to nettles can improve these problems. <i>Lactococcus garvieae</i> (LG), <i>Pediococcus pentosaceus</i> (PP), and LG + PP (LP) isolated from nettles were inoculated into nettle silage to explore nutrient retention and the microbial community structure. The results showed that inoculation significantly delayed dry matter and crude protein loss, inhibited neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber degradation, and reduced ammonia nitrogen (NH<sub>3</sub>-N) accumulation. There was a significant increase in Firmicutes abundance after inoculation, and the dominant genus, <i>Aerococcus,</i> was negatively correlated with NH<sub>3</sub>-N accumulation. In the later stages of the PP treatment, <i>Atopistipes</i> synergistically inhibited <i>Clostridia</i> with acetic acid. However, the high buffering capacity and antibacterial components of raw nettle led to increased pH values during the later fermentation stages, limiting sustained acid production by LAB. These results confirm that nettle-derived LAB can effectively improve the quality of silage by regulating the microbial community and the acidification process; however, they must be combined with pretreatment strategies or optimized composite microbial agents to overcome raw material limitations. This study provides a theoretical basis and technical support for the utilization of nettle as feed. |
| format | Article |
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| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2076-2607 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-06-01 |
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| series | Microorganisms |
| spelling | doaj-art-b6ec9df887f8445ebfee4c76a62c899f2025-08-20T03:32:27ZengMDPI AGMicroorganisms2076-26072025-06-01137145310.3390/microorganisms13071453The Effects of <i>Lactococcus garvieae</i> and <i>Pediococcus pentosaceus</i> on the Characteristics and Microbial Community of <i>Urtica cannabina</i> SilageYongcheng Chen0Shuangming Li1Yingchao Sun2Yuxin Chai3Shuan Jia4Chunhui Ma5Fanfan Zhang6College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, ChinaCollege of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, ChinaCollege of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, ChinaCollege of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, ChinaCollege of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, ChinaCollege of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, ChinaCollege of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, ChinaThe utilization of nettle (<i>Urtica cannabina</i>) as feed is restricted by its material properties (antibacterial activity and high buffering capacity). This study hypothesized that the use of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) attached to nettles can improve these problems. <i>Lactococcus garvieae</i> (LG), <i>Pediococcus pentosaceus</i> (PP), and LG + PP (LP) isolated from nettles were inoculated into nettle silage to explore nutrient retention and the microbial community structure. The results showed that inoculation significantly delayed dry matter and crude protein loss, inhibited neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber degradation, and reduced ammonia nitrogen (NH<sub>3</sub>-N) accumulation. There was a significant increase in Firmicutes abundance after inoculation, and the dominant genus, <i>Aerococcus,</i> was negatively correlated with NH<sub>3</sub>-N accumulation. In the later stages of the PP treatment, <i>Atopistipes</i> synergistically inhibited <i>Clostridia</i> with acetic acid. However, the high buffering capacity and antibacterial components of raw nettle led to increased pH values during the later fermentation stages, limiting sustained acid production by LAB. These results confirm that nettle-derived LAB can effectively improve the quality of silage by regulating the microbial community and the acidification process; however, they must be combined with pretreatment strategies or optimized composite microbial agents to overcome raw material limitations. This study provides a theoretical basis and technical support for the utilization of nettle as feed.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/13/7/1453nettle silagelactobacillus inoculationmicrobial community regulationfeed resource development |
| spellingShingle | Yongcheng Chen Shuangming Li Yingchao Sun Yuxin Chai Shuan Jia Chunhui Ma Fanfan Zhang The Effects of <i>Lactococcus garvieae</i> and <i>Pediococcus pentosaceus</i> on the Characteristics and Microbial Community of <i>Urtica cannabina</i> Silage Microorganisms nettle silage lactobacillus inoculation microbial community regulation feed resource development |
| title | The Effects of <i>Lactococcus garvieae</i> and <i>Pediococcus pentosaceus</i> on the Characteristics and Microbial Community of <i>Urtica cannabina</i> Silage |
| title_full | The Effects of <i>Lactococcus garvieae</i> and <i>Pediococcus pentosaceus</i> on the Characteristics and Microbial Community of <i>Urtica cannabina</i> Silage |
| title_fullStr | The Effects of <i>Lactococcus garvieae</i> and <i>Pediococcus pentosaceus</i> on the Characteristics and Microbial Community of <i>Urtica cannabina</i> Silage |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Effects of <i>Lactococcus garvieae</i> and <i>Pediococcus pentosaceus</i> on the Characteristics and Microbial Community of <i>Urtica cannabina</i> Silage |
| title_short | The Effects of <i>Lactococcus garvieae</i> and <i>Pediococcus pentosaceus</i> on the Characteristics and Microbial Community of <i>Urtica cannabina</i> Silage |
| title_sort | effects of i lactococcus garvieae i and i pediococcus pentosaceus i on the characteristics and microbial community of i urtica cannabina i silage |
| topic | nettle silage lactobacillus inoculation microbial community regulation feed resource development |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/13/7/1453 |
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