Chalcogenide phase-change material advances programmable terahertz metamaterials: a non-volatile perspective for reconfigurable intelligent surfaces

Terahertz (THz) waves have gained considerable attention in the rising 6G communication due to their large bandwidth. However, the cost and power consumption become the major constraints for the commercialization of 6G THz systems as the frequency increases. Reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS)...

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Main Authors: Chen Kai, Song Wenju, Li Zhaolin, Wang Zihao, Ma Junqing, Wang Xinjie, Sun Tao, Guo Qinglei, Shi Yanpeng, Qin Wei-Dong, Song Aimin, Chen Hou-Tong, Zhang Yifei
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: De Gruyter 2024-01-01
Series:Nanophotonics
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1515/nanoph-2023-0645
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author Chen Kai
Song Wenju
Li Zhaolin
Wang Zihao
Ma Junqing
Wang Xinjie
Sun Tao
Guo Qinglei
Shi Yanpeng
Qin Wei-Dong
Song Aimin
Chen Hou-Tong
Zhang Yifei
author_facet Chen Kai
Song Wenju
Li Zhaolin
Wang Zihao
Ma Junqing
Wang Xinjie
Sun Tao
Guo Qinglei
Shi Yanpeng
Qin Wei-Dong
Song Aimin
Chen Hou-Tong
Zhang Yifei
author_sort Chen Kai
collection DOAJ
description Terahertz (THz) waves have gained considerable attention in the rising 6G communication due to their large bandwidth. However, the cost and power consumption become the major constraints for the commercialization of 6G THz systems as the frequency increases. Reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) comprising active metasurfaces and digital controllers has been proposed for beamforming in the 6G multiple-input-multiple-output systems, showing good potential to suppress the system size, weight, and power consumption (SWaP). Currently, their controlling diodes can hardly work up to THz frequencies. Therefore, several active stimuli have been investigated as alternatives. Among them, chalcogenide phase-change material Ge2Sb2Te5 (GST) addresses large modulation depth, picosecond switching speed, and non-volatile properties. Notably, the non-volatile GST may enable RIS systems with memory and low control power. This work briefly reviews the advances of GST-tuned THz metamaterials (MTMs), discusses the current obstacles to overcome, and gives a perspective of GST applications in the rising 6G communications.
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id doaj-art-b6cb2454bd0a4bd882bad03bdcc362d1
institution OA Journals
issn 2192-8614
language English
publishDate 2024-01-01
publisher De Gruyter
record_format Article
series Nanophotonics
spelling doaj-art-b6cb2454bd0a4bd882bad03bdcc362d12025-08-20T02:23:36ZengDe GruyterNanophotonics2192-86142024-01-0113122101210510.1515/nanoph-2023-0645Chalcogenide phase-change material advances programmable terahertz metamaterials: a non-volatile perspective for reconfigurable intelligent surfacesChen Kai0Song Wenju1Li Zhaolin2Wang Zihao3Ma Junqing4Wang Xinjie5Sun Tao6Guo Qinglei7Shi Yanpeng8Qin Wei-Dong9Song Aimin10Chen Hou-Tong11Zhang Yifei12Shandong Technology Center of Nanodevices and Integration, School of Integrated Circuits,Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, ChinaShandong Technology Center of Nanodevices and Integration, School of Integrated Circuits,Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, ChinaShandong Technology Center of Nanodevices and Integration, School of Integrated Circuits,Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, ChinaInstitute of Novel Semiconductors, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, ChinaShandong Technology Center of Nanodevices and Integration, School of Integrated Circuits,Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, ChinaShandong Technology Center of Nanodevices and Integration, School of Integrated Circuits,Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, ChinaShandong Technology Center of Nanodevices and Integration, School of Integrated Circuits,Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, ChinaShandong Technology Center of Nanodevices and Integration, School of Integrated Circuits,Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, ChinaShandong Technology Center of Nanodevices and Integration, School of Integrated Circuits,Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, ChinaDepartment of Critical Care Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, ChinaShandong Technology Center of Nanodevices and Integration, School of Integrated Circuits,Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, ChinaCenter for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, 87545, USAShandong Technology Center of Nanodevices and Integration, School of Integrated Circuits,Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, ChinaTerahertz (THz) waves have gained considerable attention in the rising 6G communication due to their large bandwidth. However, the cost and power consumption become the major constraints for the commercialization of 6G THz systems as the frequency increases. Reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) comprising active metasurfaces and digital controllers has been proposed for beamforming in the 6G multiple-input-multiple-output systems, showing good potential to suppress the system size, weight, and power consumption (SWaP). Currently, their controlling diodes can hardly work up to THz frequencies. Therefore, several active stimuli have been investigated as alternatives. Among them, chalcogenide phase-change material Ge2Sb2Te5 (GST) addresses large modulation depth, picosecond switching speed, and non-volatile properties. Notably, the non-volatile GST may enable RIS systems with memory and low control power. This work briefly reviews the advances of GST-tuned THz metamaterials (MTMs), discusses the current obstacles to overcome, and gives a perspective of GST applications in the rising 6G communications.https://doi.org/10.1515/nanoph-2023-06456gterahertzge2sb2te5 non-volatilereconfigurable intelligent surface
spellingShingle Chen Kai
Song Wenju
Li Zhaolin
Wang Zihao
Ma Junqing
Wang Xinjie
Sun Tao
Guo Qinglei
Shi Yanpeng
Qin Wei-Dong
Song Aimin
Chen Hou-Tong
Zhang Yifei
Chalcogenide phase-change material advances programmable terahertz metamaterials: a non-volatile perspective for reconfigurable intelligent surfaces
Nanophotonics
6g
terahertz
ge2sb2te5
non-volatile
reconfigurable intelligent surface
title Chalcogenide phase-change material advances programmable terahertz metamaterials: a non-volatile perspective for reconfigurable intelligent surfaces
title_full Chalcogenide phase-change material advances programmable terahertz metamaterials: a non-volatile perspective for reconfigurable intelligent surfaces
title_fullStr Chalcogenide phase-change material advances programmable terahertz metamaterials: a non-volatile perspective for reconfigurable intelligent surfaces
title_full_unstemmed Chalcogenide phase-change material advances programmable terahertz metamaterials: a non-volatile perspective for reconfigurable intelligent surfaces
title_short Chalcogenide phase-change material advances programmable terahertz metamaterials: a non-volatile perspective for reconfigurable intelligent surfaces
title_sort chalcogenide phase change material advances programmable terahertz metamaterials a non volatile perspective for reconfigurable intelligent surfaces
topic 6g
terahertz
ge2sb2te5
non-volatile
reconfigurable intelligent surface
url https://doi.org/10.1515/nanoph-2023-0645
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