Neurosyphilis: A Comprehensive Review of Clinical Manifestations, Diagnosis, and Treatment
Neurosyphilis, a sexually transmitted infection caused by Treponema pallidum, occurs when this organism breaches the central nervous system, particularly in individuals with compromised immune systems such as those living with HIV. Neurosyphilis remains a global health concern, and its prevalen...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Sri Devaraj Urs Academy of Higher Education and Research
2025-03-01
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| Series: | Journal of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences |
| Online Access: | https://jcbsonline.ac.in/articles/neurosyphilis-a-comprehensive-review-of-clinical-manifestations-diagnosis-and-treatment |
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| author | Pasha S A Rahil Parimala S Natarajan Arvind |
| author_facet | Pasha S A Rahil Parimala S Natarajan Arvind |
| author_sort | Pasha S A Rahil |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description |
Neurosyphilis, a sexually transmitted infection caused by Treponema pallidum, occurs when this organism breaches the central nervous system, particularly in individuals with compromised immune systems such as those living with HIV. Neurosyphilis remains a global health concern, and its prevalence has risen significantly, particularly among men who have sex with men (MSM) and among immunocompromised people, highlighting the importance of screening and public health interventions. Although neuroinvasion may happen at an early stage, the clinical signs might not appear until years later. Clinical presentations can differ from asymptomatic cases to serious complications such as meningitis and cognitive deficits. Diagnosis mainly relies on serological and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis. Penicillin remains the drug of choice, but alternative therapies may be necessary for penicillin allergy. Early detection and treatment significantly improve prognosis; however, late-stage cases may lead to permanent neurological damage. Increasing public awareness, providing education, and advancing research on diagnostic and treatment methods are essential to address the challenges of this re-emerging disease.
Keywords: Neurosyphilis; Treponema pallidum; Sexually transmitted infections (STIs); Central nervous system (CNS) involvement; HIV and neurosyphilis |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-b6b261cac4b046e8bb599b0e673cdae5 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2231-4180 2319-2453 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-03-01 |
| publisher | Sri Devaraj Urs Academy of Higher Education and Research |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences |
| spelling | doaj-art-b6b261cac4b046e8bb599b0e673cdae52025-08-20T03:09:28ZengSri Devaraj Urs Academy of Higher Education and ResearchJournal of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences2231-41802319-24532025-03-01151101510.58739/jcbs/v15i1.233Neurosyphilis: A Comprehensive Review of Clinical Manifestations, Diagnosis, and TreatmentPasha S A RahilParimala SNatarajan Arvind Neurosyphilis, a sexually transmitted infection caused by Treponema pallidum, occurs when this organism breaches the central nervous system, particularly in individuals with compromised immune systems such as those living with HIV. Neurosyphilis remains a global health concern, and its prevalence has risen significantly, particularly among men who have sex with men (MSM) and among immunocompromised people, highlighting the importance of screening and public health interventions. Although neuroinvasion may happen at an early stage, the clinical signs might not appear until years later. Clinical presentations can differ from asymptomatic cases to serious complications such as meningitis and cognitive deficits. Diagnosis mainly relies on serological and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis. Penicillin remains the drug of choice, but alternative therapies may be necessary for penicillin allergy. Early detection and treatment significantly improve prognosis; however, late-stage cases may lead to permanent neurological damage. Increasing public awareness, providing education, and advancing research on diagnostic and treatment methods are essential to address the challenges of this re-emerging disease. Keywords: Neurosyphilis; Treponema pallidum; Sexually transmitted infections (STIs); Central nervous system (CNS) involvement; HIV and neurosyphilishttps://jcbsonline.ac.in/articles/neurosyphilis-a-comprehensive-review-of-clinical-manifestations-diagnosis-and-treatment |
| spellingShingle | Pasha S A Rahil Parimala S Natarajan Arvind Neurosyphilis: A Comprehensive Review of Clinical Manifestations, Diagnosis, and Treatment Journal of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences |
| title | Neurosyphilis: A Comprehensive Review of Clinical Manifestations, Diagnosis, and Treatment |
| title_full | Neurosyphilis: A Comprehensive Review of Clinical Manifestations, Diagnosis, and Treatment |
| title_fullStr | Neurosyphilis: A Comprehensive Review of Clinical Manifestations, Diagnosis, and Treatment |
| title_full_unstemmed | Neurosyphilis: A Comprehensive Review of Clinical Manifestations, Diagnosis, and Treatment |
| title_short | Neurosyphilis: A Comprehensive Review of Clinical Manifestations, Diagnosis, and Treatment |
| title_sort | neurosyphilis a comprehensive review of clinical manifestations diagnosis and treatment |
| url | https://jcbsonline.ac.in/articles/neurosyphilis-a-comprehensive-review-of-clinical-manifestations-diagnosis-and-treatment |
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