Design and Analysis of Low-Speed External Frame Motors with Halbach-Type and Olive-Shaped Magnet Structures
This study examined the design and optimization of low-speed external frame motors featuring Halbach-type and olive-shaped magnet structures to improve performance in spacecraft control moment gyroscopes (CMGs). Our research was driven by the urgent need for precise, high-torque, low-speed motors in...
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MDPI AG
2025-06-01
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| Series: | World Electric Vehicle Journal |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2032-6653/16/7/350 |
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| _version_ | 1849418294383083520 |
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| author | Rana Md Sohel Youtao Shen Runze Ji Kai Liu |
| author_facet | Rana Md Sohel Youtao Shen Runze Ji Kai Liu |
| author_sort | Rana Md Sohel |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This study examined the design and optimization of low-speed external frame motors featuring Halbach-type and olive-shaped magnet structures to improve performance in spacecraft control moment gyroscopes (CMGs). Our research was driven by the urgent need for precise, high-torque, low-speed motors in CMGs, where conventional designs, including Halbach-type and traditional radial magnet configurations, are hindered by manufacturing complexity and excessive torque pulsation. This study focused on optimizing rotor pole configurations to enhance efficiency and torque stability. An olive-shaped magnet structure provides a more uniform magnetic field distribution in the air gap, substantially reducing magnetic field harmonics and minimizing cogging torque and torque pulsation—critical performance factors for low-speed applications. Comparative analysis reveals that the olive-shaped motor achieves a peak torque of 0.312 N·m with a torque pulsation of 0.9 mN·m, maintaining an amplitude below 0.3%. This demonstrates a 20% improvement compared to the Halbach-type motor’s torque pulsation of 1.15 mN·m. Moreover, the olive-shaped motor exhibits superior stability in air-gap magnetization under different loads, ensuring high efficiency and robust operation. By streamlining magnet assembly while enhancing electromagnetic performance, this study offers a cost-effective, high-precision solution for CMG systems. These findings underscore the olive-shaped magnet motor’s potential to advance motor technology for aerospace applications. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-b68a0918e4d843b4922220682c0eea7c |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2032-6653 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | World Electric Vehicle Journal |
| spelling | doaj-art-b68a0918e4d843b4922220682c0eea7c2025-08-20T03:32:28ZengMDPI AGWorld Electric Vehicle Journal2032-66532025-06-0116735010.3390/wevj16070350Design and Analysis of Low-Speed External Frame Motors with Halbach-Type and Olive-Shaped Magnet StructuresRana Md Sohel0Youtao Shen1Runze Ji2Kai Liu3School of Electrical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, ChinaShanghai Aerospace Control Technology Institute, Shanghai 201114, ChinaSchool of Electrical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, ChinaSchool of Electrical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, ChinaThis study examined the design and optimization of low-speed external frame motors featuring Halbach-type and olive-shaped magnet structures to improve performance in spacecraft control moment gyroscopes (CMGs). Our research was driven by the urgent need for precise, high-torque, low-speed motors in CMGs, where conventional designs, including Halbach-type and traditional radial magnet configurations, are hindered by manufacturing complexity and excessive torque pulsation. This study focused on optimizing rotor pole configurations to enhance efficiency and torque stability. An olive-shaped magnet structure provides a more uniform magnetic field distribution in the air gap, substantially reducing magnetic field harmonics and minimizing cogging torque and torque pulsation—critical performance factors for low-speed applications. Comparative analysis reveals that the olive-shaped motor achieves a peak torque of 0.312 N·m with a torque pulsation of 0.9 mN·m, maintaining an amplitude below 0.3%. This demonstrates a 20% improvement compared to the Halbach-type motor’s torque pulsation of 1.15 mN·m. Moreover, the olive-shaped motor exhibits superior stability in air-gap magnetization under different loads, ensuring high efficiency and robust operation. By streamlining magnet assembly while enhancing electromagnetic performance, this study offers a cost-effective, high-precision solution for CMG systems. These findings underscore the olive-shaped magnet motor’s potential to advance motor technology for aerospace applications.https://www.mdpi.com/2032-6653/16/7/350Halbach-type motorolive-shaped magnet motorlow-speed external frame motormagnetic field distributiontorque pulsation reductioncmg applications |
| spellingShingle | Rana Md Sohel Youtao Shen Runze Ji Kai Liu Design and Analysis of Low-Speed External Frame Motors with Halbach-Type and Olive-Shaped Magnet Structures World Electric Vehicle Journal Halbach-type motor olive-shaped magnet motor low-speed external frame motor magnetic field distribution torque pulsation reduction cmg applications |
| title | Design and Analysis of Low-Speed External Frame Motors with Halbach-Type and Olive-Shaped Magnet Structures |
| title_full | Design and Analysis of Low-Speed External Frame Motors with Halbach-Type and Olive-Shaped Magnet Structures |
| title_fullStr | Design and Analysis of Low-Speed External Frame Motors with Halbach-Type and Olive-Shaped Magnet Structures |
| title_full_unstemmed | Design and Analysis of Low-Speed External Frame Motors with Halbach-Type and Olive-Shaped Magnet Structures |
| title_short | Design and Analysis of Low-Speed External Frame Motors with Halbach-Type and Olive-Shaped Magnet Structures |
| title_sort | design and analysis of low speed external frame motors with halbach type and olive shaped magnet structures |
| topic | Halbach-type motor olive-shaped magnet motor low-speed external frame motor magnetic field distribution torque pulsation reduction cmg applications |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2032-6653/16/7/350 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT ranamdsohel designandanalysisoflowspeedexternalframemotorswithhalbachtypeandoliveshapedmagnetstructures AT youtaoshen designandanalysisoflowspeedexternalframemotorswithhalbachtypeandoliveshapedmagnetstructures AT runzeji designandanalysisoflowspeedexternalframemotorswithhalbachtypeandoliveshapedmagnetstructures AT kailiu designandanalysisoflowspeedexternalframemotorswithhalbachtypeandoliveshapedmagnetstructures |