Glycemic control after aortic valve replacement: A retrospective study

Background: Aortic stenosis (AS) is treated through transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) or surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR), with diabetes being prevalent among these patients. Inflammation participates in the pathogenesis of AS, and emerging evidence suggests that TAVI may exert...

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Main Authors: Yuval Avidan, Amir Aker, Ibrahim Naoum, Nili Stein, Sameer Kassem
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2025-02-01
Series:International Journal of Cardiology: Heart & Vasculature
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Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352906724002628
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author Yuval Avidan
Amir Aker
Ibrahim Naoum
Nili Stein
Sameer Kassem
author_facet Yuval Avidan
Amir Aker
Ibrahim Naoum
Nili Stein
Sameer Kassem
author_sort Yuval Avidan
collection DOAJ
description Background: Aortic stenosis (AS) is treated through transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) or surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR), with diabetes being prevalent among these patients. Inflammation participates in the pathogenesis of AS, and emerging evidence suggests that TAVI may exert anti-inflammatory effects. Given the established link between diabetes and inflammation, we sought to evaluate the impact of aortic valve replacement (AVR) on glycemic control. Methods: Data from 10,129 consecutive patients undergoing either TAVI or SAVR between January 2010 and January 2022 were analyzed. Of these, 3,783 with diabetes had available pre- and post-procedural glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) measurements. Analysis of 1,284 individuals with HbA1c ≥ 7 % was conducted. Propensity-score matching produced two well-matched cohorts of 266 TAVI and SAVR patients, enabling comparison of periprocedural HbA1c. Results: In the total cohort (n = 1,284), HbA1c decreased from 8.15 ± 1.12 to 7.88 ± 1.38 (p < 0.001). After matching, the TAVI group showed a significant reduction from 8.31 ± 1.31 to 7.86 ± 1.56 (p < 0.001), while a modest decrease from 8.33 ± 1.33 to 8.15 ± 1.61 (p = 0.046) was observed in SAVR group. The TAVI group showed a trend toward a greater percentage change in HbA1c (p = 0.051). Clinically meaningful improvement in HbA1c (≥ 0.3 %) was similar between TAVI (53.1 %) and SAVR (45.6 %) patients (OR = 1.34, 95 % CI 0.93–1.95). Conclusions: Management of AS through either intervention improved post-procedural glycemia in patients with uncontrolled diabetes. The extent of glycemic improvement was more pronounced with TAVI. Further investigations through controlled and prospective studies could provide more conclusive insights into this matter.
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spelling doaj-art-b67d9a64086f44a282506aab8ca21f932025-08-20T02:15:47ZengElsevierInternational Journal of Cardiology: Heart & Vasculature2352-90672025-02-015610159610.1016/j.ijcha.2024.101596Glycemic control after aortic valve replacement: A retrospective studyYuval Avidan0Amir Aker1Ibrahim Naoum2Nili Stein3Sameer Kassem4Department of Cardiology, Lady Davis Carmel Medical Center, Haifa, Israel; Corresponding author at: Department of Cardiology, Lady Davis Carmel Medical Center, 7 Michal St., Haifa, Israel.Department of Cardiology, Lady Davis Carmel Medical Center, Haifa, IsraelDepartment of Cardiology, Lady Davis Carmel Medical Center, Haifa, IsraelDepartment of Community Medicine and Epidemiology, Statistical Unit, Lady Davis Carmel Medical Center, Haifa, Israel; Department of Community Medicine and Epidemiology, Carmel Medical Center, Haifa, IsraelDepartment of Medicine, Lady Davis Carmel Medical Center, Haifa, IsraelBackground: Aortic stenosis (AS) is treated through transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) or surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR), with diabetes being prevalent among these patients. Inflammation participates in the pathogenesis of AS, and emerging evidence suggests that TAVI may exert anti-inflammatory effects. Given the established link between diabetes and inflammation, we sought to evaluate the impact of aortic valve replacement (AVR) on glycemic control. Methods: Data from 10,129 consecutive patients undergoing either TAVI or SAVR between January 2010 and January 2022 were analyzed. Of these, 3,783 with diabetes had available pre- and post-procedural glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) measurements. Analysis of 1,284 individuals with HbA1c ≥ 7 % was conducted. Propensity-score matching produced two well-matched cohorts of 266 TAVI and SAVR patients, enabling comparison of periprocedural HbA1c. Results: In the total cohort (n = 1,284), HbA1c decreased from 8.15 ± 1.12 to 7.88 ± 1.38 (p < 0.001). After matching, the TAVI group showed a significant reduction from 8.31 ± 1.31 to 7.86 ± 1.56 (p < 0.001), while a modest decrease from 8.33 ± 1.33 to 8.15 ± 1.61 (p = 0.046) was observed in SAVR group. The TAVI group showed a trend toward a greater percentage change in HbA1c (p = 0.051). Clinically meaningful improvement in HbA1c (≥ 0.3 %) was similar between TAVI (53.1 %) and SAVR (45.6 %) patients (OR = 1.34, 95 % CI 0.93–1.95). Conclusions: Management of AS through either intervention improved post-procedural glycemia in patients with uncontrolled diabetes. The extent of glycemic improvement was more pronounced with TAVI. Further investigations through controlled and prospective studies could provide more conclusive insights into this matter.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352906724002628Aortic stenosisTranscatheter aortic valve implantationSurgical aortic valve replacementDiabetesGlycemic control
spellingShingle Yuval Avidan
Amir Aker
Ibrahim Naoum
Nili Stein
Sameer Kassem
Glycemic control after aortic valve replacement: A retrospective study
International Journal of Cardiology: Heart & Vasculature
Aortic stenosis
Transcatheter aortic valve implantation
Surgical aortic valve replacement
Diabetes
Glycemic control
title Glycemic control after aortic valve replacement: A retrospective study
title_full Glycemic control after aortic valve replacement: A retrospective study
title_fullStr Glycemic control after aortic valve replacement: A retrospective study
title_full_unstemmed Glycemic control after aortic valve replacement: A retrospective study
title_short Glycemic control after aortic valve replacement: A retrospective study
title_sort glycemic control after aortic valve replacement a retrospective study
topic Aortic stenosis
Transcatheter aortic valve implantation
Surgical aortic valve replacement
Diabetes
Glycemic control
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352906724002628
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AT ibrahimnaoum glycemiccontrolafteraorticvalvereplacementaretrospectivestudy
AT nilistein glycemiccontrolafteraorticvalvereplacementaretrospectivestudy
AT sameerkassem glycemiccontrolafteraorticvalvereplacementaretrospectivestudy