Dietary patterns associated with benign breast nodules by subtypes: a cross-sectional study in southeast China
BackgroundDietary patterns influence women's risk of breast cancer, but few studies have investigated the association with benign breast nodules, a well-established risk factor for breast cancer, especially by subtypes of the disease.MethodsA cross-sectional study of 3,483 women enrolled in the...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2025-03-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Nutrition |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2025.1500853/full |
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| author | Pingxiu Zhu Mei He Jiamin Gong Qingling Su Ruimei Feng Yundan Cai Weihong Qiu Haomin Yang Haomin Yang Shanshan Du Weimin Ye Weimin Ye |
| author_facet | Pingxiu Zhu Mei He Jiamin Gong Qingling Su Ruimei Feng Yundan Cai Weihong Qiu Haomin Yang Haomin Yang Shanshan Du Weimin Ye Weimin Ye |
| author_sort | Pingxiu Zhu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | BackgroundDietary patterns influence women's risk of breast cancer, but few studies have investigated the association with benign breast nodules, a well-established risk factor for breast cancer, especially by subtypes of the disease.MethodsA cross-sectional study of 3,483 women enrolled in the Fuqing Cohort Study in southeast China was conducted from 2020 to 2021. Dietary patterns were identified from food frequency questionnaires using principal component analysis, and the scores for these patterns were divided into quartiles. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression models were used to calculate odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) for the association between dietary patterns and benign breast nodules.ResultsWe found four dietary patterns among the women: animal-based dietary pattern, plant-based dietary pattern, fried food/dessert pattern, and nuts pattern. Compared with the lowest quartile, women in the highest quartile of the scores for the animal-based dietary pattern were more likely to have cystic breast nodules (OR = 1.61, 95% CI = 1.12–2.32, and the P-value for trend test = 0.007), especially in postmenopausal women. In addition, women with a high score for fried food/dessert pattern also had higher odds of breast cystic nodules (P-value for trend test = 0.012), with an OR (95% CI) of 1.46 (1.01–2.09) for the fourth quartile group. However, there were no associations between these dietary patterns and solid breast nodules.ConclusionAnimal-based dietary pattern and fried food/dessert pattern were positively associated with cystic breast nodules. These findings suggested the role of unhealthy dietary habits in the development of breast nodules. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-b675befe4ba54004aec5b02a4a8c949f |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2296-861X |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-03-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
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| series | Frontiers in Nutrition |
| spelling | doaj-art-b675befe4ba54004aec5b02a4a8c949f2025-08-20T02:40:30ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Nutrition2296-861X2025-03-011210.3389/fnut.2025.15008531500853Dietary patterns associated with benign breast nodules by subtypes: a cross-sectional study in southeast ChinaPingxiu Zhu0Mei He1Jiamin Gong2Qingling Su3Ruimei Feng4Yundan Cai5Weihong Qiu6Haomin Yang7Haomin Yang8Shanshan Du9Weimin Ye10Weimin Ye11Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health and Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, ChinaDepartment of Ultrasonography, Fuqing City Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Fuqing, ChinaInstitute of Population Medicine, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, ChinaInstitute of Population Medicine, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, ChinaDepartment of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, ChinaDepartment of Ultrasonography, Fuqing City Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Fuqing, ChinaInstitute of Population Medicine, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, ChinaDepartment of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health and Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, ChinaDepartment of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, SwedenInstitute of Population Medicine, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, ChinaDepartment of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health and Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, ChinaDepartment of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, SwedenBackgroundDietary patterns influence women's risk of breast cancer, but few studies have investigated the association with benign breast nodules, a well-established risk factor for breast cancer, especially by subtypes of the disease.MethodsA cross-sectional study of 3,483 women enrolled in the Fuqing Cohort Study in southeast China was conducted from 2020 to 2021. Dietary patterns were identified from food frequency questionnaires using principal component analysis, and the scores for these patterns were divided into quartiles. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression models were used to calculate odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) for the association between dietary patterns and benign breast nodules.ResultsWe found four dietary patterns among the women: animal-based dietary pattern, plant-based dietary pattern, fried food/dessert pattern, and nuts pattern. Compared with the lowest quartile, women in the highest quartile of the scores for the animal-based dietary pattern were more likely to have cystic breast nodules (OR = 1.61, 95% CI = 1.12–2.32, and the P-value for trend test = 0.007), especially in postmenopausal women. In addition, women with a high score for fried food/dessert pattern also had higher odds of breast cystic nodules (P-value for trend test = 0.012), with an OR (95% CI) of 1.46 (1.01–2.09) for the fourth quartile group. However, there were no associations between these dietary patterns and solid breast nodules.ConclusionAnimal-based dietary pattern and fried food/dessert pattern were positively associated with cystic breast nodules. These findings suggested the role of unhealthy dietary habits in the development of breast nodules.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2025.1500853/fulldietary patternsbreast benign nodulesodds ratiocross-sectional studyanimal-based dietary patternfried food/dessert pattern |
| spellingShingle | Pingxiu Zhu Mei He Jiamin Gong Qingling Su Ruimei Feng Yundan Cai Weihong Qiu Haomin Yang Haomin Yang Shanshan Du Weimin Ye Weimin Ye Dietary patterns associated with benign breast nodules by subtypes: a cross-sectional study in southeast China Frontiers in Nutrition dietary patterns breast benign nodules odds ratio cross-sectional study animal-based dietary pattern fried food/dessert pattern |
| title | Dietary patterns associated with benign breast nodules by subtypes: a cross-sectional study in southeast China |
| title_full | Dietary patterns associated with benign breast nodules by subtypes: a cross-sectional study in southeast China |
| title_fullStr | Dietary patterns associated with benign breast nodules by subtypes: a cross-sectional study in southeast China |
| title_full_unstemmed | Dietary patterns associated with benign breast nodules by subtypes: a cross-sectional study in southeast China |
| title_short | Dietary patterns associated with benign breast nodules by subtypes: a cross-sectional study in southeast China |
| title_sort | dietary patterns associated with benign breast nodules by subtypes a cross sectional study in southeast china |
| topic | dietary patterns breast benign nodules odds ratio cross-sectional study animal-based dietary pattern fried food/dessert pattern |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2025.1500853/full |
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