MXene Templated assembly of hierarchical Al/CuO/V2C nanothermite with excellent energy release efficiency and highly tunable performance

Abstract Nanothermite has gained significant attention for its exceptional energy release rate and reactivity, making it a promising material for energetic applications. However, nanoparticle agglomeration significantly hinders its energy release efficiency. To overcome this challenge, we developed...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Momang Tian, Ke-Juan Meng, Kunyu Xiong, Iftikhar Hussain, Xinwen Ma, Kaili Zhang
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2025-07-01
Series:Nature Communications
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-60846-7
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849769383065288704
author Momang Tian
Ke-Juan Meng
Kunyu Xiong
Iftikhar Hussain
Xinwen Ma
Kaili Zhang
author_facet Momang Tian
Ke-Juan Meng
Kunyu Xiong
Iftikhar Hussain
Xinwen Ma
Kaili Zhang
author_sort Momang Tian
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Nanothermite has gained significant attention for its exceptional energy release rate and reactivity, making it a promising material for energetic applications. However, nanoparticle agglomeration significantly hinders its energy release efficiency. To overcome this challenge, we developed an innovative bottom-up strategy and a straightforward preparation method to construct a hierarchical Al/CuO/V2C nanocomposite. This is achieved through the ordered self-assembly of Al and CuO nanoparticles in an ethanol suspension, using V2C MXene as a template. Our findings show that the Al/CuO/V2C nanocomposite exhibits distinct morphologies based on V2C concentration: nanosheets at lower concentrations and microspheres at higher concentrations. CuO and Al nanoparticles form the first and second layers outside the V2C, respectively, due to the interplay between electrostatic forces and covalent Cu-O-V bonds. This unique structure, along with high reactivity of V2C, enables complete Al oxidation, achieving a heat release of 3156.2 J g-1 with a 10 wt% V2C addition—seven times greater than the Al/CuO control group. The concentration-dependent structure allows for tunable energetic performance, from a rapid 3-ms deflagration to a prolonged 16-ms combustion. Reduced gas release enhances safety, paving the way for applications in microinitiators and advancing nanothermite technology.
format Article
id doaj-art-b6752d7cd16d4f459c25db7a884b206d
institution DOAJ
issn 2041-1723
language English
publishDate 2025-07-01
publisher Nature Portfolio
record_format Article
series Nature Communications
spelling doaj-art-b6752d7cd16d4f459c25db7a884b206d2025-08-20T03:03:25ZengNature PortfolioNature Communications2041-17232025-07-0116111210.1038/s41467-025-60846-7MXene Templated assembly of hierarchical Al/CuO/V2C nanothermite with excellent energy release efficiency and highly tunable performanceMomang Tian0Ke-Juan Meng1Kunyu Xiong2Iftikhar Hussain3Xinwen Ma4Kaili Zhang5Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong KongDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong KongDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong KongDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong KongDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong KongDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong KongAbstract Nanothermite has gained significant attention for its exceptional energy release rate and reactivity, making it a promising material for energetic applications. However, nanoparticle agglomeration significantly hinders its energy release efficiency. To overcome this challenge, we developed an innovative bottom-up strategy and a straightforward preparation method to construct a hierarchical Al/CuO/V2C nanocomposite. This is achieved through the ordered self-assembly of Al and CuO nanoparticles in an ethanol suspension, using V2C MXene as a template. Our findings show that the Al/CuO/V2C nanocomposite exhibits distinct morphologies based on V2C concentration: nanosheets at lower concentrations and microspheres at higher concentrations. CuO and Al nanoparticles form the first and second layers outside the V2C, respectively, due to the interplay between electrostatic forces and covalent Cu-O-V bonds. This unique structure, along with high reactivity of V2C, enables complete Al oxidation, achieving a heat release of 3156.2 J g-1 with a 10 wt% V2C addition—seven times greater than the Al/CuO control group. The concentration-dependent structure allows for tunable energetic performance, from a rapid 3-ms deflagration to a prolonged 16-ms combustion. Reduced gas release enhances safety, paving the way for applications in microinitiators and advancing nanothermite technology.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-60846-7
spellingShingle Momang Tian
Ke-Juan Meng
Kunyu Xiong
Iftikhar Hussain
Xinwen Ma
Kaili Zhang
MXene Templated assembly of hierarchical Al/CuO/V2C nanothermite with excellent energy release efficiency and highly tunable performance
Nature Communications
title MXene Templated assembly of hierarchical Al/CuO/V2C nanothermite with excellent energy release efficiency and highly tunable performance
title_full MXene Templated assembly of hierarchical Al/CuO/V2C nanothermite with excellent energy release efficiency and highly tunable performance
title_fullStr MXene Templated assembly of hierarchical Al/CuO/V2C nanothermite with excellent energy release efficiency and highly tunable performance
title_full_unstemmed MXene Templated assembly of hierarchical Al/CuO/V2C nanothermite with excellent energy release efficiency and highly tunable performance
title_short MXene Templated assembly of hierarchical Al/CuO/V2C nanothermite with excellent energy release efficiency and highly tunable performance
title_sort mxene templated assembly of hierarchical al cuo v2c nanothermite with excellent energy release efficiency and highly tunable performance
url https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-60846-7
work_keys_str_mv AT momangtian mxenetemplatedassemblyofhierarchicalalcuov2cnanothermitewithexcellentenergyreleaseefficiencyandhighlytunableperformance
AT kejuanmeng mxenetemplatedassemblyofhierarchicalalcuov2cnanothermitewithexcellentenergyreleaseefficiencyandhighlytunableperformance
AT kunyuxiong mxenetemplatedassemblyofhierarchicalalcuov2cnanothermitewithexcellentenergyreleaseefficiencyandhighlytunableperformance
AT iftikharhussain mxenetemplatedassemblyofhierarchicalalcuov2cnanothermitewithexcellentenergyreleaseefficiencyandhighlytunableperformance
AT xinwenma mxenetemplatedassemblyofhierarchicalalcuov2cnanothermitewithexcellentenergyreleaseefficiencyandhighlytunableperformance
AT kailizhang mxenetemplatedassemblyofhierarchicalalcuov2cnanothermitewithexcellentenergyreleaseefficiencyandhighlytunableperformance