SARS-CoV-2 associated encephalitis
Introduction: In addition to known systemic manifestations, coronavirus disease (COVID-19) can cause serious neurological manifestations as a result of damage to the central and peripheral nervous system. Case report: A 62-year-old male with medical history of arterial hypertension and type 2 dia...
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| Language: | English |
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The Journal of Infection in Developing Countries
2025-05-01
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| Series: | Journal of Infection in Developing Countries |
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| Online Access: | https://jidc.org/index.php/journal/article/view/19952 |
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| author | Jasmina Poluga Aleksandra Barać Nataša Katanić Branko Milošević Nataša Nikolić Goran Stevanović Jovan Malinić Uroš Karić Boris Jegorović Miloš Šabanović Martina Jug Jaroslava Jovanović Ivana Poluga Svetislav Pelemiš Mirjana Stjepanović Jelena Micić |
| author_facet | Jasmina Poluga Aleksandra Barać Nataša Katanić Branko Milošević Nataša Nikolić Goran Stevanović Jovan Malinić Uroš Karić Boris Jegorović Miloš Šabanović Martina Jug Jaroslava Jovanović Ivana Poluga Svetislav Pelemiš Mirjana Stjepanović Jelena Micić |
| author_sort | Jasmina Poluga |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description |
Introduction: In addition to known systemic manifestations, coronavirus disease (COVID-19) can cause serious neurological manifestations as a result of damage to the central and peripheral nervous system.
Case report: A 62-year-old male with medical history of arterial hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus was admitted to the hospital, complaining of high fever, fatigue, cough, and disturbed mental state. He was diagnosed with COVID-19, had fever of up to 38 °C 7 days before admission, dry cough, and became disoriented and psychotic after 5 days. The chest X-ray and computed tomography (CT) of the head were normal. Following a lumbar puncture, the patient was diagnosed with encephalitis based on clinical and laboratory findings (pleocytosis and hyperproteinorachia in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)). CSF was checked with the polymerase chain reaction meningitis-encephalitis panel which excludes the more common viral or bacterial causes of encephalitis. Anti-edematous, anti-inflammatory, anticoagulant, gastroprotective, and other symptomatic medications were administered. Ataxic gait was the only focal neurological abnormality identified during neurological assessment. The chest CT did not reveal COVID-19 pneumonia and brain magnetic resonance imaging revealed only cortical reductive brain alterations. The COVID-19 swab test after 10 days was negative. The patient was recovered and released from hospital treatment with normal physical findings and without neurological abnormalities.
Conclusions: The diagnosis of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) encephalitis can be challenging, and it is usually based on the exclusion of other etiological agents of brain infections.
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| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-b661e00f20cb4d269a6aeb55d3199b29 |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 1972-2680 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-05-01 |
| publisher | The Journal of Infection in Developing Countries |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Infection in Developing Countries |
| spelling | doaj-art-b661e00f20cb4d269a6aeb55d3199b292025-08-20T02:37:16ZengThe Journal of Infection in Developing CountriesJournal of Infection in Developing Countries1972-26802025-05-01190510.3855/jidc.19952SARS-CoV-2 associated encephalitisJasmina Poluga0Aleksandra Barać1Nataša Katanić2Branko Milošević3Nataša Nikolić4Goran Stevanović5Jovan Malinić6Uroš Karić7Boris Jegorović8Miloš Šabanović9Martina Jug10Jaroslava Jovanović11Ivana Poluga12Svetislav Pelemiš13Mirjana Stjepanović14Jelena Micić15Clinic for Infectious and Tropical Diseases, University Clinical Centre of Serbia, Belgrade, SerbiaClinic for Infectious and Tropical Diseases, University Clinical Centre of Serbia, Belgrade, SerbiaClinic for Infectious and Tropical Diseases, University Clinical Centre of Serbia, Belgrade, SerbiaClinic for Infectious and Tropical Diseases, University Clinical Centre of Serbia, Belgrade, SerbiaClinic for Infectious and Tropical Diseases, University Clinical Centre of Serbia, Belgrade, SerbiaClinic for Infectious and Tropical Diseases, University Clinical Centre of Serbia, Belgrade, SerbiaClinic for Infectious and Tropical Diseases, University Clinical Centre of Serbia, Belgrade, SerbiaClinic for Infectious and Tropical Diseases, University Clinical Centre of Serbia, Belgrade, SerbiaClinic for Infectious and Tropical Diseases, University Clinical Centre of Serbia, Belgrade, SerbiaClinic for Infectious and Tropical Diseases, University Clinical Centre of Serbia, Belgrade, SerbiaClinic for Infectious and Tropical Diseases, University Clinical Centre of Serbia, Belgrade, SerbiaClinic for Infectious and Tropical Diseases, University Clinical Centre of Serbia, Belgrade, SerbiaFaculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, SerbiaFaculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, SerbiaClinic of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Zvezdara, Belgrade, SerbiaFaculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia Introduction: In addition to known systemic manifestations, coronavirus disease (COVID-19) can cause serious neurological manifestations as a result of damage to the central and peripheral nervous system. Case report: A 62-year-old male with medical history of arterial hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus was admitted to the hospital, complaining of high fever, fatigue, cough, and disturbed mental state. He was diagnosed with COVID-19, had fever of up to 38 °C 7 days before admission, dry cough, and became disoriented and psychotic after 5 days. The chest X-ray and computed tomography (CT) of the head were normal. Following a lumbar puncture, the patient was diagnosed with encephalitis based on clinical and laboratory findings (pleocytosis and hyperproteinorachia in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)). CSF was checked with the polymerase chain reaction meningitis-encephalitis panel which excludes the more common viral or bacterial causes of encephalitis. Anti-edematous, anti-inflammatory, anticoagulant, gastroprotective, and other symptomatic medications were administered. Ataxic gait was the only focal neurological abnormality identified during neurological assessment. The chest CT did not reveal COVID-19 pneumonia and brain magnetic resonance imaging revealed only cortical reductive brain alterations. The COVID-19 swab test after 10 days was negative. The patient was recovered and released from hospital treatment with normal physical findings and without neurological abnormalities. Conclusions: The diagnosis of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) encephalitis can be challenging, and it is usually based on the exclusion of other etiological agents of brain infections. https://jidc.org/index.php/journal/article/view/19952SARS-CoV-2neurological manifestationsencephalitis |
| spellingShingle | Jasmina Poluga Aleksandra Barać Nataša Katanić Branko Milošević Nataša Nikolić Goran Stevanović Jovan Malinić Uroš Karić Boris Jegorović Miloš Šabanović Martina Jug Jaroslava Jovanović Ivana Poluga Svetislav Pelemiš Mirjana Stjepanović Jelena Micić SARS-CoV-2 associated encephalitis Journal of Infection in Developing Countries SARS-CoV-2 neurological manifestations encephalitis |
| title | SARS-CoV-2 associated encephalitis |
| title_full | SARS-CoV-2 associated encephalitis |
| title_fullStr | SARS-CoV-2 associated encephalitis |
| title_full_unstemmed | SARS-CoV-2 associated encephalitis |
| title_short | SARS-CoV-2 associated encephalitis |
| title_sort | sars cov 2 associated encephalitis |
| topic | SARS-CoV-2 neurological manifestations encephalitis |
| url | https://jidc.org/index.php/journal/article/view/19952 |
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