Not All Migrants Are the Same: Decent Work and Pre- and Post-Migration Experiences of Economic Migrants

Grounded in the dual frame of reference theory and a life-course perspective, this study explores how migrants’ past work experiences shape the perceptions of their actual work in the host country. The study examines pre- and post-migration working conditions and life satisfaction and compares them...

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Main Authors: Maha Yomn Sbaa, Simone Donati, Salvatore Zappalà
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-03-01
Series:Social Sciences
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0760/14/3/189
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author Maha Yomn Sbaa
Simone Donati
Salvatore Zappalà
author_facet Maha Yomn Sbaa
Simone Donati
Salvatore Zappalà
author_sort Maha Yomn Sbaa
collection DOAJ
description Grounded in the dual frame of reference theory and a life-course perspective, this study explores how migrants’ past work experiences shape the perceptions of their actual work in the host country. The study examines pre- and post-migration working conditions and life satisfaction and compares them to perceptions of decent work (DW). Additionally, the study also compares the DW perceptions of migrants with prior work experience in their home country with those of migrants who lack such experience and started to work in the host country. Using the Decent Work Questionnaire (DWQ), the study analyzes responses from 137 participants. A two-step cluster analysis identified three distinct groups of migrants living in Italy with pre-migration work experience in their home country. These clusters have been labeled as follows: (1) “Better Life, Better Work”, (2) “Better Life, Worse Work”, and (3) “Same Life, Worse Work”. ANOVA results showed that the better life, better work group reported significantly higher overall DW perceptions, as well as higher scores on five out of the seven dimensions of the DWQ. Socio-demographic characteristics were further analyzed to explain variations across clusters. These findings highlight the complex interplay between pre- and post-migration experiences and their impact on migrants’ DW perceptions in their current roles. Additionally, such clusters were compared with a control group that does not have prior work experience in the home country. Results suggest that time-sensitive factors but also other factors, such as expectations, may determine those perceptions. Finally, the study offers practical recommendations for improving workplace conditions and provides insights for organizations and policymakers aiming to better support economic migrants’ integration in the workplaces.
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spelling doaj-art-b653c92bab014753b09e674c2c7ef1092025-08-20T02:43:07ZengMDPI AGSocial Sciences2076-07602025-03-0114318910.3390/socsci14030189Not All Migrants Are the Same: Decent Work and Pre- and Post-Migration Experiences of Economic MigrantsMaha Yomn Sbaa0Simone Donati1Salvatore Zappalà2Department of Psychology “Renzo Canestrary”, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, ItalyDepartment of Psychology “Renzo Canestrary”, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, ItalyDepartment of Psychology “Renzo Canestrary”, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, ItalyGrounded in the dual frame of reference theory and a life-course perspective, this study explores how migrants’ past work experiences shape the perceptions of their actual work in the host country. The study examines pre- and post-migration working conditions and life satisfaction and compares them to perceptions of decent work (DW). Additionally, the study also compares the DW perceptions of migrants with prior work experience in their home country with those of migrants who lack such experience and started to work in the host country. Using the Decent Work Questionnaire (DWQ), the study analyzes responses from 137 participants. A two-step cluster analysis identified three distinct groups of migrants living in Italy with pre-migration work experience in their home country. These clusters have been labeled as follows: (1) “Better Life, Better Work”, (2) “Better Life, Worse Work”, and (3) “Same Life, Worse Work”. ANOVA results showed that the better life, better work group reported significantly higher overall DW perceptions, as well as higher scores on five out of the seven dimensions of the DWQ. Socio-demographic characteristics were further analyzed to explain variations across clusters. These findings highlight the complex interplay between pre- and post-migration experiences and their impact on migrants’ DW perceptions in their current roles. Additionally, such clusters were compared with a control group that does not have prior work experience in the home country. Results suggest that time-sensitive factors but also other factors, such as expectations, may determine those perceptions. Finally, the study offers practical recommendations for improving workplace conditions and provides insights for organizations and policymakers aiming to better support economic migrants’ integration in the workplaces.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0760/14/3/189decent workeconomic migrant workersworking conditionscluster analysiswellbeinglife-course perspective
spellingShingle Maha Yomn Sbaa
Simone Donati
Salvatore Zappalà
Not All Migrants Are the Same: Decent Work and Pre- and Post-Migration Experiences of Economic Migrants
Social Sciences
decent work
economic migrant workers
working conditions
cluster analysis
wellbeing
life-course perspective
title Not All Migrants Are the Same: Decent Work and Pre- and Post-Migration Experiences of Economic Migrants
title_full Not All Migrants Are the Same: Decent Work and Pre- and Post-Migration Experiences of Economic Migrants
title_fullStr Not All Migrants Are the Same: Decent Work and Pre- and Post-Migration Experiences of Economic Migrants
title_full_unstemmed Not All Migrants Are the Same: Decent Work and Pre- and Post-Migration Experiences of Economic Migrants
title_short Not All Migrants Are the Same: Decent Work and Pre- and Post-Migration Experiences of Economic Migrants
title_sort not all migrants are the same decent work and pre and post migration experiences of economic migrants
topic decent work
economic migrant workers
working conditions
cluster analysis
wellbeing
life-course perspective
url https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0760/14/3/189
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AT salvatorezappala notallmigrantsarethesamedecentworkandpreandpostmigrationexperiencesofeconomicmigrants