Sijunzi San alleviates the negative energy balance in postpartum dairy cows by regulating rumen fermentation capacity
IntroductionPostpartum dairy cows are susceptible to negative energy balance caused by decreased feed intake and the initiation of lactation. Sijunzi San, a famous Chinese traditional herbal formulation, can promote gastrointestinal digestion and absorption and improve disorders of intestinal microb...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2024-12-01
|
| Series: | Frontiers in Veterinary Science |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2024.1512081/full |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1850251275391729664 |
|---|---|
| author | Feifei Wang Feifei Wang Yongxia Mao Yongxia Mao Chenlei Li Chenlei Li Yanfen Ma Yanfen Ma Yansheng Guo Yansheng Guo |
| author_facet | Feifei Wang Feifei Wang Yongxia Mao Yongxia Mao Chenlei Li Chenlei Li Yanfen Ma Yanfen Ma Yansheng Guo Yansheng Guo |
| author_sort | Feifei Wang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | IntroductionPostpartum dairy cows are susceptible to negative energy balance caused by decreased feed intake and the initiation of lactation. Sijunzi San, a famous Chinese traditional herbal formulation, can promote gastrointestinal digestion and absorption and improve disorders of intestinal microbiota. Therefore, we hypothesized that Sijunzi San might alleviate negative energy balance in postpartum dairy cows by modulating the structure of the rumen microbiota and enhancing its fermentation capacity.MethodsLiquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) was utilized in vitro to identify the main active ingredients in the Sijunzi San. Techniques including in vitro ruminal fermentation, gas chromatography, and 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing were employed to evaluate their effects on the structure of the rumen microbiota. To test their in vivo effects, sixteen postpartum Holstein dairy cows, with similar body condition and parity, were randomly assigned to two groups, with 8 cows per group. The CONT group was fed a basic diet, while the SJZS group received an additional 300 g/d of Sijunzi San along with the basic diet, continuously for 7 days. ELISA and untargeted metabolomics using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass (UHPLC–MS/MS) were employed to assess the impacts on immunoglobulin levels, fat mobilization, and the blood metabolome in postpartum dairy cows.ResultsDoses of 100 to 500 mg of the Sijunzi San significantly enhanced gas production, microbial protein (MCP), and short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) levels, while notably reducing pH and NH3-N content (p < 0.05), exhibiting a significant dose-dependent relationship. The results revealed that 500 mg of the prescription significantly increased the abundances of the Succiniclasticum and Prevotella genera and notably decreased the abundances of the Christensenellaceae_R-7_group, Muribaculaceae, UCG-005, Comamonas, and F082 genera (p < 0.05). Succiniclasticum and Prevotella showed a significant positive correlation with ruminal SCFAs, whereas UCG-005 exhibited a significant negative correlation with them (p < 0.05). Additionally, Luteolin and Glycitein were significantly positively correlated with Prevotella, while Licochalcone B and Liquoric acid were significantly negatively correlated with Comamonas (p < 0.05). Subsequently, the prescription significantly increased the concentrations of IgA, IgM, and microsomal triglyceride transfer protein (MTTP) in the blood (p < 0.01), while reducing the levels of ketones (KET) (p < 0.05), non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), and triglycerides (TG) (p < 0.01). Notable alterations were observed in 21 metabolites in the blood metabolome (p < 0.05). Additionally, metabolic pathways associated with linoleic acid metabolism and steroid hormone biosynthesis were significantly affected.DiscussionThe findings suggest that administering Sijunzi San to dairy cows during the postpartum period can ameliorate negative energy balance by stimulating rumen fermentation and modifying the composition and abundance of the rumen microbiota. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-b63fa3948fde40d781b44eb44d72873f |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2297-1769 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Veterinary Science |
| spelling | doaj-art-b63fa3948fde40d781b44eb44d72873f2025-08-20T01:57:55ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Veterinary Science2297-17692024-12-011110.3389/fvets.2024.15120811512081Sijunzi San alleviates the negative energy balance in postpartum dairy cows by regulating rumen fermentation capacityFeifei Wang0Feifei Wang1Yongxia Mao2Yongxia Mao3Chenlei Li4Chenlei Li5Yanfen Ma6Yanfen Ma7Yansheng Guo8Yansheng Guo9College of Animal Science and Technology, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, ChinaKey Laboratory of Ruminant Molecular and Cellular Breeding of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, College of Animal Science and Technology, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, ChinaCollege of Animal Science and Technology, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, ChinaKey Laboratory of Ruminant Molecular and Cellular Breeding of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, College of Animal Science and Technology, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, ChinaCollege of Animal Science and Technology, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, ChinaKey Laboratory of Ruminant Molecular and Cellular Breeding of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, College of Animal Science and Technology, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, ChinaCollege of Animal Science and Technology, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, ChinaKey Laboratory of Ruminant Molecular and Cellular Breeding of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, College of Animal Science and Technology, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, ChinaCollege of Animal Science and Technology, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, ChinaKey Laboratory of Ruminant Molecular and Cellular Breeding of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, College of Animal Science and Technology, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, ChinaIntroductionPostpartum dairy cows are susceptible to negative energy balance caused by decreased feed intake and the initiation of lactation. Sijunzi San, a famous Chinese traditional herbal formulation, can promote gastrointestinal digestion and absorption and improve disorders of intestinal microbiota. Therefore, we hypothesized that Sijunzi San might alleviate negative energy balance in postpartum dairy cows by modulating the structure of the rumen microbiota and enhancing its fermentation capacity.MethodsLiquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) was utilized in vitro to identify the main active ingredients in the Sijunzi San. Techniques including in vitro ruminal fermentation, gas chromatography, and 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing were employed to evaluate their effects on the structure of the rumen microbiota. To test their in vivo effects, sixteen postpartum Holstein dairy cows, with similar body condition and parity, were randomly assigned to two groups, with 8 cows per group. The CONT group was fed a basic diet, while the SJZS group received an additional 300 g/d of Sijunzi San along with the basic diet, continuously for 7 days. ELISA and untargeted metabolomics using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass (UHPLC–MS/MS) were employed to assess the impacts on immunoglobulin levels, fat mobilization, and the blood metabolome in postpartum dairy cows.ResultsDoses of 100 to 500 mg of the Sijunzi San significantly enhanced gas production, microbial protein (MCP), and short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) levels, while notably reducing pH and NH3-N content (p < 0.05), exhibiting a significant dose-dependent relationship. The results revealed that 500 mg of the prescription significantly increased the abundances of the Succiniclasticum and Prevotella genera and notably decreased the abundances of the Christensenellaceae_R-7_group, Muribaculaceae, UCG-005, Comamonas, and F082 genera (p < 0.05). Succiniclasticum and Prevotella showed a significant positive correlation with ruminal SCFAs, whereas UCG-005 exhibited a significant negative correlation with them (p < 0.05). Additionally, Luteolin and Glycitein were significantly positively correlated with Prevotella, while Licochalcone B and Liquoric acid were significantly negatively correlated with Comamonas (p < 0.05). Subsequently, the prescription significantly increased the concentrations of IgA, IgM, and microsomal triglyceride transfer protein (MTTP) in the blood (p < 0.01), while reducing the levels of ketones (KET) (p < 0.05), non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), and triglycerides (TG) (p < 0.01). Notable alterations were observed in 21 metabolites in the blood metabolome (p < 0.05). Additionally, metabolic pathways associated with linoleic acid metabolism and steroid hormone biosynthesis were significantly affected.DiscussionThe findings suggest that administering Sijunzi San to dairy cows during the postpartum period can ameliorate negative energy balance by stimulating rumen fermentation and modifying the composition and abundance of the rumen microbiota.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2024.1512081/fullSijunzi Sanrumen fermentationrumen microorganismslipid metabolismnegative energy balance |
| spellingShingle | Feifei Wang Feifei Wang Yongxia Mao Yongxia Mao Chenlei Li Chenlei Li Yanfen Ma Yanfen Ma Yansheng Guo Yansheng Guo Sijunzi San alleviates the negative energy balance in postpartum dairy cows by regulating rumen fermentation capacity Frontiers in Veterinary Science Sijunzi San rumen fermentation rumen microorganisms lipid metabolism negative energy balance |
| title | Sijunzi San alleviates the negative energy balance in postpartum dairy cows by regulating rumen fermentation capacity |
| title_full | Sijunzi San alleviates the negative energy balance in postpartum dairy cows by regulating rumen fermentation capacity |
| title_fullStr | Sijunzi San alleviates the negative energy balance in postpartum dairy cows by regulating rumen fermentation capacity |
| title_full_unstemmed | Sijunzi San alleviates the negative energy balance in postpartum dairy cows by regulating rumen fermentation capacity |
| title_short | Sijunzi San alleviates the negative energy balance in postpartum dairy cows by regulating rumen fermentation capacity |
| title_sort | sijunzi san alleviates the negative energy balance in postpartum dairy cows by regulating rumen fermentation capacity |
| topic | Sijunzi San rumen fermentation rumen microorganisms lipid metabolism negative energy balance |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2024.1512081/full |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT feifeiwang sijunzisanalleviatesthenegativeenergybalanceinpostpartumdairycowsbyregulatingrumenfermentationcapacity AT feifeiwang sijunzisanalleviatesthenegativeenergybalanceinpostpartumdairycowsbyregulatingrumenfermentationcapacity AT yongxiamao sijunzisanalleviatesthenegativeenergybalanceinpostpartumdairycowsbyregulatingrumenfermentationcapacity AT yongxiamao sijunzisanalleviatesthenegativeenergybalanceinpostpartumdairycowsbyregulatingrumenfermentationcapacity AT chenleili sijunzisanalleviatesthenegativeenergybalanceinpostpartumdairycowsbyregulatingrumenfermentationcapacity AT chenleili sijunzisanalleviatesthenegativeenergybalanceinpostpartumdairycowsbyregulatingrumenfermentationcapacity AT yanfenma sijunzisanalleviatesthenegativeenergybalanceinpostpartumdairycowsbyregulatingrumenfermentationcapacity AT yanfenma sijunzisanalleviatesthenegativeenergybalanceinpostpartumdairycowsbyregulatingrumenfermentationcapacity AT yanshengguo sijunzisanalleviatesthenegativeenergybalanceinpostpartumdairycowsbyregulatingrumenfermentationcapacity AT yanshengguo sijunzisanalleviatesthenegativeenergybalanceinpostpartumdairycowsbyregulatingrumenfermentationcapacity |