“Hurt and Misunderstood”: Emotional reactions to pain dismissal in emerging adults with chronic pain

Background: Twelve percent of emerging adults (EAs) experience chronic pain which is associated with psychological distress and isolation. At least 40 % of EAs with chronic pain experience pain dismissal which poses a significant barrier to care and treatment. The goals of this paper were to expand...

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Main Authors: Elizabeth Fenelon, Kayla McCracken, Keely Bieniak-Fortier, Chloe Crosby, Paulina Paredes Cienega, Susan T. Tran
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2025-01-01
Series:Health Care Transitions
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Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2949923225000224
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author Elizabeth Fenelon
Kayla McCracken
Keely Bieniak-Fortier
Chloe Crosby
Paulina Paredes Cienega
Susan T. Tran
author_facet Elizabeth Fenelon
Kayla McCracken
Keely Bieniak-Fortier
Chloe Crosby
Paulina Paredes Cienega
Susan T. Tran
author_sort Elizabeth Fenelon
collection DOAJ
description Background: Twelve percent of emerging adults (EAs) experience chronic pain which is associated with psychological distress and isolation. At least 40 % of EAs with chronic pain experience pain dismissal which poses a significant barrier to care and treatment. The goals of this paper were to expand our understanding of pain dismissal experiences among EAs and to extend research to the emotional and psychological impact of pain dismissal on EAs. Method: EAs with chronic pain (N = 227) between the ages of 18–25 (Mage = 19.58) completed online surveys of pain experiences, anxiety, and depression. Thematic analysis was conducted for three open-ended responses. Results: Over 40 % of EAs with chronic pain experienced pain dismissal (43 %), with female and EAs identifying as other gender identity experiencing greater dismissal than male EAs. There were no differences across racial/ethnic identities. Medical professionals (46 %) and caregivers/parents (38 %) were most frequently reported people to have dismissed participant pain. Minimizing/invalidating (27 %) and normalizing (26 %) were the most frequent themes of what was said to dismiss one’s pain. In response to pain dismissal, EAs described feeling generic negative feelings (25 %) and anger/annoyance (21 %). Discussion: Survey responses suggest that pain dismissal bothered EAs, and those who experienced pain dismissal had higher anxiety and depression, indicating a need for family/provider education on pain in EAs and validation of pain experiences in EAs. New themes around what constituted pain dismissal included negative self-view and invalidated/gaslit. Future research should explore the long-term effects pain dismissal has on chronic pain outcomes.
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spelling doaj-art-b6358a7c2ea34eb28457e09aa764559e2025-08-20T04:02:13ZengElsevierHealth Care Transitions2949-92322025-01-01310011610.1016/j.hctj.2025.100116“Hurt and Misunderstood”: Emotional reactions to pain dismissal in emerging adults with chronic painElizabeth Fenelon0Kayla McCracken1Keely Bieniak-Fortier2Chloe Crosby3Paulina Paredes Cienega4Susan T. Tran5Corresponding author.; DePaul University, 2219 North Kenmore Avenue, Chicago, IL 60614, United StatesDePaul University, 2219 North Kenmore Avenue, Chicago, IL 60614, United StatesDePaul University, 2219 North Kenmore Avenue, Chicago, IL 60614, United StatesDePaul University, 2219 North Kenmore Avenue, Chicago, IL 60614, United StatesDePaul University, 2219 North Kenmore Avenue, Chicago, IL 60614, United StatesDePaul University, 2219 North Kenmore Avenue, Chicago, IL 60614, United StatesBackground: Twelve percent of emerging adults (EAs) experience chronic pain which is associated with psychological distress and isolation. At least 40 % of EAs with chronic pain experience pain dismissal which poses a significant barrier to care and treatment. The goals of this paper were to expand our understanding of pain dismissal experiences among EAs and to extend research to the emotional and psychological impact of pain dismissal on EAs. Method: EAs with chronic pain (N = 227) between the ages of 18–25 (Mage = 19.58) completed online surveys of pain experiences, anxiety, and depression. Thematic analysis was conducted for three open-ended responses. Results: Over 40 % of EAs with chronic pain experienced pain dismissal (43 %), with female and EAs identifying as other gender identity experiencing greater dismissal than male EAs. There were no differences across racial/ethnic identities. Medical professionals (46 %) and caregivers/parents (38 %) were most frequently reported people to have dismissed participant pain. Minimizing/invalidating (27 %) and normalizing (26 %) were the most frequent themes of what was said to dismiss one’s pain. In response to pain dismissal, EAs described feeling generic negative feelings (25 %) and anger/annoyance (21 %). Discussion: Survey responses suggest that pain dismissal bothered EAs, and those who experienced pain dismissal had higher anxiety and depression, indicating a need for family/provider education on pain in EAs and validation of pain experiences in EAs. New themes around what constituted pain dismissal included negative self-view and invalidated/gaslit. Future research should explore the long-term effects pain dismissal has on chronic pain outcomes.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2949923225000224Pain dismissalEmerging adultsChronic painGenderEthnicity
spellingShingle Elizabeth Fenelon
Kayla McCracken
Keely Bieniak-Fortier
Chloe Crosby
Paulina Paredes Cienega
Susan T. Tran
“Hurt and Misunderstood”: Emotional reactions to pain dismissal in emerging adults with chronic pain
Health Care Transitions
Pain dismissal
Emerging adults
Chronic pain
Gender
Ethnicity
title “Hurt and Misunderstood”: Emotional reactions to pain dismissal in emerging adults with chronic pain
title_full “Hurt and Misunderstood”: Emotional reactions to pain dismissal in emerging adults with chronic pain
title_fullStr “Hurt and Misunderstood”: Emotional reactions to pain dismissal in emerging adults with chronic pain
title_full_unstemmed “Hurt and Misunderstood”: Emotional reactions to pain dismissal in emerging adults with chronic pain
title_short “Hurt and Misunderstood”: Emotional reactions to pain dismissal in emerging adults with chronic pain
title_sort hurt and misunderstood emotional reactions to pain dismissal in emerging adults with chronic pain
topic Pain dismissal
Emerging adults
Chronic pain
Gender
Ethnicity
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2949923225000224
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