Reducing Dietary Protein Content by Increasing Carbohydrates Is More Beneficial to the Growth, Antioxidative Capacity, Ion Transport, and Ammonia Excretion of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) under Long-Term Alkalinity Stress
Alkalinity stress is the main stress experienced by aquatic animals in saline–alkali water, which hinders the aquaculture development and the utilization of water resources. The two-factor (2 × 3) test was adopted to study the influence of dietary protein to carbohydrate ratios on the energy metabol...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2023-01-01
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| Series: | Aquaculture Nutrition |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2023/9775823 |
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| author | Wei Liu Chang Xu Zhao Li Liqiao Chen Xiaodan Wang Erchao Li |
| author_facet | Wei Liu Chang Xu Zhao Li Liqiao Chen Xiaodan Wang Erchao Li |
| author_sort | Wei Liu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Alkalinity stress is the main stress experienced by aquatic animals in saline–alkali water, which hinders the aquaculture development and the utilization of water resources. The two-factor (2 × 3) test was adopted to study the influence of dietary protein to carbohydrate ratios on the energy metabolism of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) under different alkalinity stress levels. Three diets with different protein-carbohydrate ratios (P27/C35, P35/C25, and P42/C15) were fed to fish cultured in freshwater (FW, 1.3 mmol/L carbonate alkalinity) or alkaline water (AW, 35.7 mmol/L carbonate alkalinity) for 50 days. Ambient alkalinity decreased tilapia growth performance. Although ambient alkalinity caused oxidative stress and enhanced ion transport and ammonia metabolism in tilapia, tilapia fed the P27/C35 diet showed better adaptability than fish fed the other two diets in alkaline water. Further metabolomic analysis showed that tilapia upregulated all the pathways enriched in this study to cope with alkalinity stress. Under alkalinity stress, tilapia fed the P27/C35 diet exhibited enhanced pyruvate metabolism and purine metabolism compared with tilapia fed the P42/C15 diet. This study indicated that ambient alkalinity could significantly decrease growth performance and cause oxidative stress and osmotic regulation. However, reducing dietary protein content by increasing carbohydrates could weaken stress and improve growth performance, ion transport, and ammonia metabolism in tilapia under long-term hyperalkaline exposure. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-b605eb0ac3d94b87ad96dc6bf83553ee |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1365-2095 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Aquaculture Nutrition |
| spelling | doaj-art-b605eb0ac3d94b87ad96dc6bf83553ee2025-02-03T01:29:41ZengWileyAquaculture Nutrition1365-20952023-01-01202310.1155/2023/9775823Reducing Dietary Protein Content by Increasing Carbohydrates Is More Beneficial to the Growth, Antioxidative Capacity, Ion Transport, and Ammonia Excretion of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) under Long-Term Alkalinity StressWei Liu0Chang Xu1Zhao Li2Liqiao Chen3Xiaodan Wang4Erchao Li5Key Laboratory of Tropical Hydrobiology and Biotechnology of Hainan ProvinceKey Laboratory of Tropical Hydrobiology and Biotechnology of Hainan ProvinceKey Laboratory of Tropical Hydrobiology and Biotechnology of Hainan ProvinceSchool of Life SciencesSchool of Life SciencesKey Laboratory of Tropical Hydrobiology and Biotechnology of Hainan ProvinceAlkalinity stress is the main stress experienced by aquatic animals in saline–alkali water, which hinders the aquaculture development and the utilization of water resources. The two-factor (2 × 3) test was adopted to study the influence of dietary protein to carbohydrate ratios on the energy metabolism of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) under different alkalinity stress levels. Three diets with different protein-carbohydrate ratios (P27/C35, P35/C25, and P42/C15) were fed to fish cultured in freshwater (FW, 1.3 mmol/L carbonate alkalinity) or alkaline water (AW, 35.7 mmol/L carbonate alkalinity) for 50 days. Ambient alkalinity decreased tilapia growth performance. Although ambient alkalinity caused oxidative stress and enhanced ion transport and ammonia metabolism in tilapia, tilapia fed the P27/C35 diet showed better adaptability than fish fed the other two diets in alkaline water. Further metabolomic analysis showed that tilapia upregulated all the pathways enriched in this study to cope with alkalinity stress. Under alkalinity stress, tilapia fed the P27/C35 diet exhibited enhanced pyruvate metabolism and purine metabolism compared with tilapia fed the P42/C15 diet. This study indicated that ambient alkalinity could significantly decrease growth performance and cause oxidative stress and osmotic regulation. However, reducing dietary protein content by increasing carbohydrates could weaken stress and improve growth performance, ion transport, and ammonia metabolism in tilapia under long-term hyperalkaline exposure.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2023/9775823 |
| spellingShingle | Wei Liu Chang Xu Zhao Li Liqiao Chen Xiaodan Wang Erchao Li Reducing Dietary Protein Content by Increasing Carbohydrates Is More Beneficial to the Growth, Antioxidative Capacity, Ion Transport, and Ammonia Excretion of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) under Long-Term Alkalinity Stress Aquaculture Nutrition |
| title | Reducing Dietary Protein Content by Increasing Carbohydrates Is More Beneficial to the Growth, Antioxidative Capacity, Ion Transport, and Ammonia Excretion of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) under Long-Term Alkalinity Stress |
| title_full | Reducing Dietary Protein Content by Increasing Carbohydrates Is More Beneficial to the Growth, Antioxidative Capacity, Ion Transport, and Ammonia Excretion of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) under Long-Term Alkalinity Stress |
| title_fullStr | Reducing Dietary Protein Content by Increasing Carbohydrates Is More Beneficial to the Growth, Antioxidative Capacity, Ion Transport, and Ammonia Excretion of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) under Long-Term Alkalinity Stress |
| title_full_unstemmed | Reducing Dietary Protein Content by Increasing Carbohydrates Is More Beneficial to the Growth, Antioxidative Capacity, Ion Transport, and Ammonia Excretion of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) under Long-Term Alkalinity Stress |
| title_short | Reducing Dietary Protein Content by Increasing Carbohydrates Is More Beneficial to the Growth, Antioxidative Capacity, Ion Transport, and Ammonia Excretion of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) under Long-Term Alkalinity Stress |
| title_sort | reducing dietary protein content by increasing carbohydrates is more beneficial to the growth antioxidative capacity ion transport and ammonia excretion of nile tilapia oreochromis niloticus under long term alkalinity stress |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2023/9775823 |
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