Anaerobic Digester Installation Significantly Reduces Liquid Manure Management CH4 Emissions at a California Dairy Farm

ABSTRACT Anaerobic digesters are expected to significantly reduce CH4 emissions from dairy manure management by capturing them for use as biogas. Anaerobic digestion is the current major mitigation strategy for agricultural CH4 emissions in California's climate policy. However, verification of...

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Main Authors: Michael V. Rodriguez, Nidia Rojas Robles, Valerie Carranza, Ranga Thiruvenkatachari, Mariana Reyes, Chelsea V. Preble, Joyce Pexton, Deanne Meyer, Ray G. Anderson, Akula Venkatram, Francesca M. Hopkins
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wiley 2025-07-01
Series:GCB Bioenergy
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1111/gcbb.70047
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author Michael V. Rodriguez
Nidia Rojas Robles
Valerie Carranza
Ranga Thiruvenkatachari
Mariana Reyes
Chelsea V. Preble
Joyce Pexton
Deanne Meyer
Ray G. Anderson
Akula Venkatram
Francesca M. Hopkins
author_facet Michael V. Rodriguez
Nidia Rojas Robles
Valerie Carranza
Ranga Thiruvenkatachari
Mariana Reyes
Chelsea V. Preble
Joyce Pexton
Deanne Meyer
Ray G. Anderson
Akula Venkatram
Francesca M. Hopkins
author_sort Michael V. Rodriguez
collection DOAJ
description ABSTRACT Anaerobic digesters are expected to significantly reduce CH4 emissions from dairy manure management by capturing them for use as biogas. Anaerobic digestion is the current major mitigation strategy for agricultural CH4 emissions in California's climate policy. However, verification of the effectiveness of anaerobic digesters to reduce CH4 emissions has not been conducted at scale in California. We made atmospheric measurements from a mobile platform and used dispersion modeling to estimate CH4 emissions from a liquid manure storage complex at a typical California dairy before and after digester installation across nine field campaigns. The anaerobic digester reduced CH4 emissions by an average of 82% ± 16%, comparing paired months to predigester values. Prior to the digester, atmospheric CH4 mole fractions showed a persistent hotspot near the manure settling basin cells of 28.6 ± 8.9 ppm. After the digester, atmospheric CH4 mole fractions from manure storage were greatly reduced. We observed strong temporal variability across measurement campaigns due to weather, on‐farm management practices, and digester operations. Estimated emissions greatly exceeded those based on inventory calculations used by the California Air Resources Board (CARB) but were in line with expected relative emissions reduction from digester installation. Scaling these results to 139 dairies with digester projects statewide suggests that similarly operating digesters would reduce CH4 emissions by 1.6 ± 0.3 MMT CO2e (65 ± 12 Gg CH4), 39% of the emissions reduction goal for livestock manure management set by California law. This work demonstrates the effectiveness of anaerobic digesters to reduce dairy manure management CH4 emissions in practice, along with the importance of understanding operations and management for interpreting on‐farm CH4 emissions studies.
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publishDate 2025-07-01
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spelling doaj-art-b59d019adb7247bfa0520f22e818f0382025-08-20T02:35:08ZengWileyGCB Bioenergy1757-16931757-17072025-07-01177n/an/a10.1111/gcbb.70047Anaerobic Digester Installation Significantly Reduces Liquid Manure Management CH4 Emissions at a California Dairy FarmMichael V. Rodriguez0Nidia Rojas Robles1Valerie Carranza2Ranga Thiruvenkatachari3Mariana Reyes4Chelsea V. Preble5Joyce Pexton6Deanne Meyer7Ray G. Anderson8Akula Venkatram9Francesca M. Hopkins10Department of Environmental Sciences University of California Riverside Riverside California USADepartment of Environmental Sciences University of California Riverside Riverside California USADepartment of Environmental Sciences University of California Riverside Riverside California USADepartment of Mechanical Engineering University of California Riverside Riverside California USADepartment of Environmental Sciences University of California Riverside Riverside California USADepartment of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of California Berkeley California USADepartment of Animal Science University of California Davis Davis California USADepartment of Animal Science University of California Davis Davis California USADepartment of Environmental Sciences University of California Riverside Riverside California USADepartment of Mechanical Engineering University of California Riverside Riverside California USADepartment of Environmental Sciences University of California Riverside Riverside California USAABSTRACT Anaerobic digesters are expected to significantly reduce CH4 emissions from dairy manure management by capturing them for use as biogas. Anaerobic digestion is the current major mitigation strategy for agricultural CH4 emissions in California's climate policy. However, verification of the effectiveness of anaerobic digesters to reduce CH4 emissions has not been conducted at scale in California. We made atmospheric measurements from a mobile platform and used dispersion modeling to estimate CH4 emissions from a liquid manure storage complex at a typical California dairy before and after digester installation across nine field campaigns. The anaerobic digester reduced CH4 emissions by an average of 82% ± 16%, comparing paired months to predigester values. Prior to the digester, atmospheric CH4 mole fractions showed a persistent hotspot near the manure settling basin cells of 28.6 ± 8.9 ppm. After the digester, atmospheric CH4 mole fractions from manure storage were greatly reduced. We observed strong temporal variability across measurement campaigns due to weather, on‐farm management practices, and digester operations. Estimated emissions greatly exceeded those based on inventory calculations used by the California Air Resources Board (CARB) but were in line with expected relative emissions reduction from digester installation. Scaling these results to 139 dairies with digester projects statewide suggests that similarly operating digesters would reduce CH4 emissions by 1.6 ± 0.3 MMT CO2e (65 ± 12 Gg CH4), 39% of the emissions reduction goal for livestock manure management set by California law. This work demonstrates the effectiveness of anaerobic digesters to reduce dairy manure management CH4 emissions in practice, along with the importance of understanding operations and management for interpreting on‐farm CH4 emissions studies.https://doi.org/10.1111/gcbb.70047anaerobic digestionclimate change mitigationdairymanure managementmethane
spellingShingle Michael V. Rodriguez
Nidia Rojas Robles
Valerie Carranza
Ranga Thiruvenkatachari
Mariana Reyes
Chelsea V. Preble
Joyce Pexton
Deanne Meyer
Ray G. Anderson
Akula Venkatram
Francesca M. Hopkins
Anaerobic Digester Installation Significantly Reduces Liquid Manure Management CH4 Emissions at a California Dairy Farm
GCB Bioenergy
anaerobic digestion
climate change mitigation
dairy
manure management
methane
title Anaerobic Digester Installation Significantly Reduces Liquid Manure Management CH4 Emissions at a California Dairy Farm
title_full Anaerobic Digester Installation Significantly Reduces Liquid Manure Management CH4 Emissions at a California Dairy Farm
title_fullStr Anaerobic Digester Installation Significantly Reduces Liquid Manure Management CH4 Emissions at a California Dairy Farm
title_full_unstemmed Anaerobic Digester Installation Significantly Reduces Liquid Manure Management CH4 Emissions at a California Dairy Farm
title_short Anaerobic Digester Installation Significantly Reduces Liquid Manure Management CH4 Emissions at a California Dairy Farm
title_sort anaerobic digester installation significantly reduces liquid manure management ch4 emissions at a california dairy farm
topic anaerobic digestion
climate change mitigation
dairy
manure management
methane
url https://doi.org/10.1111/gcbb.70047
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