A multi layered encryption framework using intuitionistic fuzzy graphs and graph theoretic domination for secure communication networks
Abstract Secure communication is essential in today’s rapidly evolving digital environment, and strong encryption methods are required to protect private data from unwanted access. The aim of this study is to strengthen the security and complexity of encrypted communications by adopting a new form o...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Nature Portfolio
2025-07-01
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| Series: | Scientific Reports |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-01924-0 |
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| author | A. Meenakshi S. Dhanushiya Leo Mrsic Antonios Kalampakas Sovan Samanta |
| author_facet | A. Meenakshi S. Dhanushiya Leo Mrsic Antonios Kalampakas Sovan Samanta |
| author_sort | A. Meenakshi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Secure communication is essential in today’s rapidly evolving digital environment, and strong encryption methods are required to protect private data from unwanted access. The aim of this study is to strengthen the security and complexity of encrypted communications by adopting a new form of cryptographic encryption technique based on the principles of an intuitionistic fuzzy graph. Key graph-theoretic measures, such as domination number, vertex categorization (alpha-strong, beta-strong, and gamma-strong), vertex order coloring, and chromatic number, play important roles in this process. Domination number finds the key vertices of the network, while vertex strength categorization and fuzzy graph coloring provide multiple encryption layers, hence the encoded message is highly resistant to decryption unless a proper key is used. The chromatic number offers further security through various patterns of vertex coloring. The comparative analysis shows the proposed approach to be superior compared to RSA, AES, ECC, and Blowfish due to its increased security, computational efficiency, and resilience to attacks. This framework can be applied to the protection of banking PINs, military access codes, government identification numbers, cryptographic keys, and medical records, so it is an extremely versatile solution for protecting sensitive data. This multi-step approach to encryption through the proposed technique ensures safe transfer and efficient encoding as it establishes a complicated framework. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-b58d4ca9fe9840f3ac5ae36c4f9d84d2 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-07-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Scientific Reports |
| spelling | doaj-art-b58d4ca9fe9840f3ac5ae36c4f9d84d22025-08-20T04:01:26ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222025-07-0115112210.1038/s41598-025-01924-0A multi layered encryption framework using intuitionistic fuzzy graphs and graph theoretic domination for secure communication networksA. Meenakshi0S. Dhanushiya1Leo Mrsic2Antonios Kalampakas3Sovan Samanta4Department of Mathematics, Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr. Sagunthala R&D Institute of Science and TechnologyDepartment of Mathematics, Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr. Sagunthala R&D Institute of Science and TechnologyDepartment of Technical Sciences, Algebra Bernays UniversityCollege of Engineering and Technology, American University of the Middle EastDepartment of Technical Sciences, Algebra Bernays UniversityAbstract Secure communication is essential in today’s rapidly evolving digital environment, and strong encryption methods are required to protect private data from unwanted access. The aim of this study is to strengthen the security and complexity of encrypted communications by adopting a new form of cryptographic encryption technique based on the principles of an intuitionistic fuzzy graph. Key graph-theoretic measures, such as domination number, vertex categorization (alpha-strong, beta-strong, and gamma-strong), vertex order coloring, and chromatic number, play important roles in this process. Domination number finds the key vertices of the network, while vertex strength categorization and fuzzy graph coloring provide multiple encryption layers, hence the encoded message is highly resistant to decryption unless a proper key is used. The chromatic number offers further security through various patterns of vertex coloring. The comparative analysis shows the proposed approach to be superior compared to RSA, AES, ECC, and Blowfish due to its increased security, computational efficiency, and resilience to attacks. This framework can be applied to the protection of banking PINs, military access codes, government identification numbers, cryptographic keys, and medical records, so it is an extremely versatile solution for protecting sensitive data. This multi-step approach to encryption through the proposed technique ensures safe transfer and efficient encoding as it establishes a complicated framework.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-01924-0Graph networkVertex order coloring$$\alpha$$ −strong vertex$$\beta$$ −strong vertex$$\gamma$$ –strong vertexDomination number |
| spellingShingle | A. Meenakshi S. Dhanushiya Leo Mrsic Antonios Kalampakas Sovan Samanta A multi layered encryption framework using intuitionistic fuzzy graphs and graph theoretic domination for secure communication networks Scientific Reports Graph network Vertex order coloring $$\alpha$$ −strong vertex $$\beta$$ −strong vertex $$\gamma$$ –strong vertex Domination number |
| title | A multi layered encryption framework using intuitionistic fuzzy graphs and graph theoretic domination for secure communication networks |
| title_full | A multi layered encryption framework using intuitionistic fuzzy graphs and graph theoretic domination for secure communication networks |
| title_fullStr | A multi layered encryption framework using intuitionistic fuzzy graphs and graph theoretic domination for secure communication networks |
| title_full_unstemmed | A multi layered encryption framework using intuitionistic fuzzy graphs and graph theoretic domination for secure communication networks |
| title_short | A multi layered encryption framework using intuitionistic fuzzy graphs and graph theoretic domination for secure communication networks |
| title_sort | multi layered encryption framework using intuitionistic fuzzy graphs and graph theoretic domination for secure communication networks |
| topic | Graph network Vertex order coloring $$\alpha$$ −strong vertex $$\beta$$ −strong vertex $$\gamma$$ –strong vertex Domination number |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-01924-0 |
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