Effectiveness of high-intensity inspiratory muscle training, and resistance and aerobic exercise for cardiovascular health in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (HIRAC-COPD): a randomized controlled trial protocol

Abstract Background Cardiovascular diseases are among the most common and clinically significant comorbidities of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Exercise has been shown to reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases, and high-intensity inspiratory muscle training (H-IMT) has emerged as...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Bin Yu, Wenbin Liu, Yuekong Hu, Yuling Huang, Qin Dai, Yuting Yang, Chunmei Fu, Zhen Zeng, Lingyan Li, Bo Yang, Zhiying Lei, Yunzhe Fan, Yuchen Li, Jiang Wu, Jinxiang Zhu, Peng Yu, Jiqi Yang, Haojiang Zuo, Peng Jia, Shujuan Yang
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2024-12-01
Series:BMC Pulmonary Medicine
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12890-024-03385-z
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850100724469334016
author Bin Yu
Wenbin Liu
Yuekong Hu
Yuling Huang
Qin Dai
Yuting Yang
Chunmei Fu
Zhen Zeng
Lingyan Li
Bo Yang
Zhiying Lei
Yunzhe Fan
Yuchen Li
Jiang Wu
Jinxiang Zhu
Peng Yu
Jiqi Yang
Haojiang Zuo
Peng Jia
Shujuan Yang
author_facet Bin Yu
Wenbin Liu
Yuekong Hu
Yuling Huang
Qin Dai
Yuting Yang
Chunmei Fu
Zhen Zeng
Lingyan Li
Bo Yang
Zhiying Lei
Yunzhe Fan
Yuchen Li
Jiang Wu
Jinxiang Zhu
Peng Yu
Jiqi Yang
Haojiang Zuo
Peng Jia
Shujuan Yang
author_sort Bin Yu
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Background Cardiovascular diseases are among the most common and clinically significant comorbidities of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Exercise has been shown to reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases, and high-intensity inspiratory muscle training (H-IMT) has emerged as a promising intervention for improving arterial stiffness in individuals with COPD. Yet, there is limited evidence from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) regarding the impact of H-IMT alone or in combination with exercise on reducing arterial stiffness in COPD. We designed a three-arm RCT to evaluate the effectiveness of H-IMT, both alone and in combination with exercise, in reducing brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) in individuals with stable COPD within a community setting. Methods This is a three-arm, parallel-group, assessor-blinded, randomized controlled trial with an eight-week intervention period and a 24-week follow-up. The trial will recruit a total of at least 162 participants with stable COPD. All participants will undergo arterial stiffness assessment using an atherosclerosis detector. Eligible participants will then be randomized into either a control group or one of two intervention groups: an H-IMT group combined with aerobic and resistance trainin, or an H-IMT group alone. The primary outcome is the baPWV at eight weeks. Secondary outcomes include baPWV at 4, 16, and 32 weeks, along with self-reported lifestyle factors, sleep quality, mental health outcomes, self-efficacy, implicit health attitudes, quality of life, and clinical outcomes at 4, 8, 16, and 32 weeks. The main analysis will follow the intention-to-treat principle, with the difference in outcome between groups analyzed using multi-level regression at eight weeks. Discussion This study will provide evidence on the effects of H-IMT and combined exercise interventions for individuals with COPD in a community setting, offering insights into the use of integrated approaches to enhance cardiovascular health among community-dwelling residents. Trial registration number ChiCTR2400085483. Date of registration: June 7, 2024. https://www.chictr.org.cn/index.aspx .
format Article
id doaj-art-b57d3902c7e448908e8acaac690b676e
institution DOAJ
issn 1471-2466
language English
publishDate 2024-12-01
publisher BMC
record_format Article
series BMC Pulmonary Medicine
spelling doaj-art-b57d3902c7e448908e8acaac690b676e2025-08-20T02:40:14ZengBMCBMC Pulmonary Medicine1471-24662024-12-0124111210.1186/s12890-024-03385-zEffectiveness of high-intensity inspiratory muscle training, and resistance and aerobic exercise for cardiovascular health in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (HIRAC-COPD): a randomized controlled trial protocolBin Yu0Wenbin Liu1Yuekong Hu2Yuling Huang3Qin Dai4Yuting Yang5Chunmei Fu6Zhen Zeng7Lingyan Li8Bo Yang9Zhiying Lei10Yunzhe Fan11Yuchen Li12Jiang Wu13Jinxiang Zhu14Peng Yu15Jiqi Yang16Haojiang Zuo17Peng Jia18Shujuan Yang19Institute for Disaster Management and Reconstruction, Sichuan University-The Hongkong Polytechnic UniversityChengdu East New Area Second People’s HospitalDepartment of Rehabilitation Medicine, West China Tianfu Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengdu Eastern New Area Public Health CenterChengdu East New Area Second People’s HospitalChengdu East New Area Second People’s HospitalChengdu East New Area Second People’s HospitalChengdu East New Area Second People’s HospitalChengdu East New Area Second People’s HospitalChengdu East New Area Second People’s HospitalChengdu East New Area Second People’s HospitalWest China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan UniversitySchool of Geography, University of LeedsDeep Underground Space Medical Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityWest China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan UniversityWest China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan UniversityWest China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan UniversityWest China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan UniversitySchool of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Wuhan UniversityWest China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan UniversityAbstract Background Cardiovascular diseases are among the most common and clinically significant comorbidities of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Exercise has been shown to reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases, and high-intensity inspiratory muscle training (H-IMT) has emerged as a promising intervention for improving arterial stiffness in individuals with COPD. Yet, there is limited evidence from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) regarding the impact of H-IMT alone or in combination with exercise on reducing arterial stiffness in COPD. We designed a three-arm RCT to evaluate the effectiveness of H-IMT, both alone and in combination with exercise, in reducing brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) in individuals with stable COPD within a community setting. Methods This is a three-arm, parallel-group, assessor-blinded, randomized controlled trial with an eight-week intervention period and a 24-week follow-up. The trial will recruit a total of at least 162 participants with stable COPD. All participants will undergo arterial stiffness assessment using an atherosclerosis detector. Eligible participants will then be randomized into either a control group or one of two intervention groups: an H-IMT group combined with aerobic and resistance trainin, or an H-IMT group alone. The primary outcome is the baPWV at eight weeks. Secondary outcomes include baPWV at 4, 16, and 32 weeks, along with self-reported lifestyle factors, sleep quality, mental health outcomes, self-efficacy, implicit health attitudes, quality of life, and clinical outcomes at 4, 8, 16, and 32 weeks. The main analysis will follow the intention-to-treat principle, with the difference in outcome between groups analyzed using multi-level regression at eight weeks. Discussion This study will provide evidence on the effects of H-IMT and combined exercise interventions for individuals with COPD in a community setting, offering insights into the use of integrated approaches to enhance cardiovascular health among community-dwelling residents. Trial registration number ChiCTR2400085483. Date of registration: June 7, 2024. https://www.chictr.org.cn/index.aspx .https://doi.org/10.1186/s12890-024-03385-zArterial stiffnesschronic obstructive pulmonary diseaseAerobic trainingResistance trainingHigh-intensity inspiratory muscle trainingRandomized controlled trial
spellingShingle Bin Yu
Wenbin Liu
Yuekong Hu
Yuling Huang
Qin Dai
Yuting Yang
Chunmei Fu
Zhen Zeng
Lingyan Li
Bo Yang
Zhiying Lei
Yunzhe Fan
Yuchen Li
Jiang Wu
Jinxiang Zhu
Peng Yu
Jiqi Yang
Haojiang Zuo
Peng Jia
Shujuan Yang
Effectiveness of high-intensity inspiratory muscle training, and resistance and aerobic exercise for cardiovascular health in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (HIRAC-COPD): a randomized controlled trial protocol
BMC Pulmonary Medicine
Arterial stiffness
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Aerobic training
Resistance training
High-intensity inspiratory muscle training
Randomized controlled trial
title Effectiveness of high-intensity inspiratory muscle training, and resistance and aerobic exercise for cardiovascular health in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (HIRAC-COPD): a randomized controlled trial protocol
title_full Effectiveness of high-intensity inspiratory muscle training, and resistance and aerobic exercise for cardiovascular health in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (HIRAC-COPD): a randomized controlled trial protocol
title_fullStr Effectiveness of high-intensity inspiratory muscle training, and resistance and aerobic exercise for cardiovascular health in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (HIRAC-COPD): a randomized controlled trial protocol
title_full_unstemmed Effectiveness of high-intensity inspiratory muscle training, and resistance and aerobic exercise for cardiovascular health in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (HIRAC-COPD): a randomized controlled trial protocol
title_short Effectiveness of high-intensity inspiratory muscle training, and resistance and aerobic exercise for cardiovascular health in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (HIRAC-COPD): a randomized controlled trial protocol
title_sort effectiveness of high intensity inspiratory muscle training and resistance and aerobic exercise for cardiovascular health in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease hirac copd a randomized controlled trial protocol
topic Arterial stiffness
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Aerobic training
Resistance training
High-intensity inspiratory muscle training
Randomized controlled trial
url https://doi.org/10.1186/s12890-024-03385-z
work_keys_str_mv AT binyu effectivenessofhighintensityinspiratorymuscletrainingandresistanceandaerobicexerciseforcardiovascularhealthinchronicobstructivepulmonarydiseasehiraccopdarandomizedcontrolledtrialprotocol
AT wenbinliu effectivenessofhighintensityinspiratorymuscletrainingandresistanceandaerobicexerciseforcardiovascularhealthinchronicobstructivepulmonarydiseasehiraccopdarandomizedcontrolledtrialprotocol
AT yuekonghu effectivenessofhighintensityinspiratorymuscletrainingandresistanceandaerobicexerciseforcardiovascularhealthinchronicobstructivepulmonarydiseasehiraccopdarandomizedcontrolledtrialprotocol
AT yulinghuang effectivenessofhighintensityinspiratorymuscletrainingandresistanceandaerobicexerciseforcardiovascularhealthinchronicobstructivepulmonarydiseasehiraccopdarandomizedcontrolledtrialprotocol
AT qindai effectivenessofhighintensityinspiratorymuscletrainingandresistanceandaerobicexerciseforcardiovascularhealthinchronicobstructivepulmonarydiseasehiraccopdarandomizedcontrolledtrialprotocol
AT yutingyang effectivenessofhighintensityinspiratorymuscletrainingandresistanceandaerobicexerciseforcardiovascularhealthinchronicobstructivepulmonarydiseasehiraccopdarandomizedcontrolledtrialprotocol
AT chunmeifu effectivenessofhighintensityinspiratorymuscletrainingandresistanceandaerobicexerciseforcardiovascularhealthinchronicobstructivepulmonarydiseasehiraccopdarandomizedcontrolledtrialprotocol
AT zhenzeng effectivenessofhighintensityinspiratorymuscletrainingandresistanceandaerobicexerciseforcardiovascularhealthinchronicobstructivepulmonarydiseasehiraccopdarandomizedcontrolledtrialprotocol
AT lingyanli effectivenessofhighintensityinspiratorymuscletrainingandresistanceandaerobicexerciseforcardiovascularhealthinchronicobstructivepulmonarydiseasehiraccopdarandomizedcontrolledtrialprotocol
AT boyang effectivenessofhighintensityinspiratorymuscletrainingandresistanceandaerobicexerciseforcardiovascularhealthinchronicobstructivepulmonarydiseasehiraccopdarandomizedcontrolledtrialprotocol
AT zhiyinglei effectivenessofhighintensityinspiratorymuscletrainingandresistanceandaerobicexerciseforcardiovascularhealthinchronicobstructivepulmonarydiseasehiraccopdarandomizedcontrolledtrialprotocol
AT yunzhefan effectivenessofhighintensityinspiratorymuscletrainingandresistanceandaerobicexerciseforcardiovascularhealthinchronicobstructivepulmonarydiseasehiraccopdarandomizedcontrolledtrialprotocol
AT yuchenli effectivenessofhighintensityinspiratorymuscletrainingandresistanceandaerobicexerciseforcardiovascularhealthinchronicobstructivepulmonarydiseasehiraccopdarandomizedcontrolledtrialprotocol
AT jiangwu effectivenessofhighintensityinspiratorymuscletrainingandresistanceandaerobicexerciseforcardiovascularhealthinchronicobstructivepulmonarydiseasehiraccopdarandomizedcontrolledtrialprotocol
AT jinxiangzhu effectivenessofhighintensityinspiratorymuscletrainingandresistanceandaerobicexerciseforcardiovascularhealthinchronicobstructivepulmonarydiseasehiraccopdarandomizedcontrolledtrialprotocol
AT pengyu effectivenessofhighintensityinspiratorymuscletrainingandresistanceandaerobicexerciseforcardiovascularhealthinchronicobstructivepulmonarydiseasehiraccopdarandomizedcontrolledtrialprotocol
AT jiqiyang effectivenessofhighintensityinspiratorymuscletrainingandresistanceandaerobicexerciseforcardiovascularhealthinchronicobstructivepulmonarydiseasehiraccopdarandomizedcontrolledtrialprotocol
AT haojiangzuo effectivenessofhighintensityinspiratorymuscletrainingandresistanceandaerobicexerciseforcardiovascularhealthinchronicobstructivepulmonarydiseasehiraccopdarandomizedcontrolledtrialprotocol
AT pengjia effectivenessofhighintensityinspiratorymuscletrainingandresistanceandaerobicexerciseforcardiovascularhealthinchronicobstructivepulmonarydiseasehiraccopdarandomizedcontrolledtrialprotocol
AT shujuanyang effectivenessofhighintensityinspiratorymuscletrainingandresistanceandaerobicexerciseforcardiovascularhealthinchronicobstructivepulmonarydiseasehiraccopdarandomizedcontrolledtrialprotocol