Metabolomic Profiling and Anti-<i>Helicobacter pylori</i> Activity of <i>Caulerpa lentillifera</i> (Sea Grape) Extract
<i>Helicobacter pylori</i> is a gastric pathogen implicated in peptic ulcer disease and gastric cancer. The increasing prevalence of antibiotic-resistant strains underscores the urgent need for alternative therapeutic strategies. In this study, we investigated the chemical composition an...
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2025-07-01
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| author | Chananchida Thacharoen Thisirak Inkaewwong Watthanachai Jumpathong Pornchai Kaewsapsak Thiravat Rattanapot Tippapha Pisithkul |
| author_facet | Chananchida Thacharoen Thisirak Inkaewwong Watthanachai Jumpathong Pornchai Kaewsapsak Thiravat Rattanapot Tippapha Pisithkul |
| author_sort | Chananchida Thacharoen |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> is a gastric pathogen implicated in peptic ulcer disease and gastric cancer. The increasing prevalence of antibiotic-resistant strains underscores the urgent need for alternative therapeutic strategies. In this study, we investigated the chemical composition and antibacterial activity of an aqueous extract from <i>Caulerpa lentillifera</i> (sea grape), a farm-cultivated edible green seaweed collected from Krabi Province, Thailand. Ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) revealed that the extract was enriched in bioactive nucleosides and phenolic compounds. In vitro assays demonstrated dose-dependent inhibition of <i>H. pylori</i> growth following exposure to sea grape extract. Furthermore, untargeted intracellular metabolomic profiling of <i>H. pylori</i> cells treated with the extract uncovered significant perturbations in central carbon and nitrogen metabolism, including pathways associated with the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, one-carbon metabolism, and alanine, aspartate, and glutamate metabolism. Pyrimidine biosynthesis was selectively upregulated, indicating a potential stress-induced shift toward nucleotide salvage and DNA repair. Of particular note, succinate levels were markedly reduced despite accumulation of other TCA intermediates, suggesting disruption of electron transport-linked respiration. These findings suggest that bioactive metabolites from <i>C. lentillifera</i> impair essential metabolic processes in <i>H. pylori</i>, highlighting its potential as a natural source of antimicrobial agents targeting bacterial physiology. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-b5625b18c9da4c6ab771a8e689748e64 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 1660-3397 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Marine Drugs |
| spelling | doaj-art-b5625b18c9da4c6ab771a8e689748e642025-08-20T02:47:19ZengMDPI AGMarine Drugs1660-33972025-07-0123728210.3390/md23070282Metabolomic Profiling and Anti-<i>Helicobacter pylori</i> Activity of <i>Caulerpa lentillifera</i> (Sea Grape) ExtractChananchida Thacharoen0Thisirak Inkaewwong1Watthanachai Jumpathong2Pornchai Kaewsapsak3Thiravat Rattanapot4Tippapha Pisithkul5Program in Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Maejo University, Chiang Mai 50290, ThailandProgram in Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Maejo University, Chiang Mai 50290, ThailandProgram in Chemical Sciences, Chulabhorn Graduate Institute, Bangkok 10210, ThailandCenter of Excellence in Systems Microbiology (CESM), Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, ThailandCenter of Excellence in Agriculture Innovation for Graduate Entrepreneur, Maejo University, Chiang Mai 50290, ThailandProgram in Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Maejo University, Chiang Mai 50290, Thailand<i>Helicobacter pylori</i> is a gastric pathogen implicated in peptic ulcer disease and gastric cancer. The increasing prevalence of antibiotic-resistant strains underscores the urgent need for alternative therapeutic strategies. In this study, we investigated the chemical composition and antibacterial activity of an aqueous extract from <i>Caulerpa lentillifera</i> (sea grape), a farm-cultivated edible green seaweed collected from Krabi Province, Thailand. Ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) revealed that the extract was enriched in bioactive nucleosides and phenolic compounds. In vitro assays demonstrated dose-dependent inhibition of <i>H. pylori</i> growth following exposure to sea grape extract. Furthermore, untargeted intracellular metabolomic profiling of <i>H. pylori</i> cells treated with the extract uncovered significant perturbations in central carbon and nitrogen metabolism, including pathways associated with the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, one-carbon metabolism, and alanine, aspartate, and glutamate metabolism. Pyrimidine biosynthesis was selectively upregulated, indicating a potential stress-induced shift toward nucleotide salvage and DNA repair. Of particular note, succinate levels were markedly reduced despite accumulation of other TCA intermediates, suggesting disruption of electron transport-linked respiration. These findings suggest that bioactive metabolites from <i>C. lentillifera</i> impair essential metabolic processes in <i>H. pylori</i>, highlighting its potential as a natural source of antimicrobial agents targeting bacterial physiology.https://www.mdpi.com/1660-3397/23/7/282<i>Caulerpa lentillifera</i>sea grapechemical compositionmetabolomics<i>Helicobacter pylori</i> |
| spellingShingle | Chananchida Thacharoen Thisirak Inkaewwong Watthanachai Jumpathong Pornchai Kaewsapsak Thiravat Rattanapot Tippapha Pisithkul Metabolomic Profiling and Anti-<i>Helicobacter pylori</i> Activity of <i>Caulerpa lentillifera</i> (Sea Grape) Extract Marine Drugs <i>Caulerpa lentillifera</i> sea grape chemical composition metabolomics <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> |
| title | Metabolomic Profiling and Anti-<i>Helicobacter pylori</i> Activity of <i>Caulerpa lentillifera</i> (Sea Grape) Extract |
| title_full | Metabolomic Profiling and Anti-<i>Helicobacter pylori</i> Activity of <i>Caulerpa lentillifera</i> (Sea Grape) Extract |
| title_fullStr | Metabolomic Profiling and Anti-<i>Helicobacter pylori</i> Activity of <i>Caulerpa lentillifera</i> (Sea Grape) Extract |
| title_full_unstemmed | Metabolomic Profiling and Anti-<i>Helicobacter pylori</i> Activity of <i>Caulerpa lentillifera</i> (Sea Grape) Extract |
| title_short | Metabolomic Profiling and Anti-<i>Helicobacter pylori</i> Activity of <i>Caulerpa lentillifera</i> (Sea Grape) Extract |
| title_sort | metabolomic profiling and anti i helicobacter pylori i activity of i caulerpa lentillifera i sea grape extract |
| topic | <i>Caulerpa lentillifera</i> sea grape chemical composition metabolomics <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1660-3397/23/7/282 |
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