Synergistic Larvicidal and Pupicidal Effects of Monoterpene Mixtures Against <i>Aedes aegypti</i> with Low Toxicity to Guppies and Honeybees
The present study evaluated the larvicidal and pupicidal activities of pure and mixed monoterpene formulations—eucalyptol, geranial, <i>trans</i>-anethole, and <i>trans</i>-cinnamaldehyde—against <i>Aedes aegypti</i> and compared them with 1% (<i>w</i>...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2025-07-01
|
| Series: | Insects |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4450/16/7/738 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1849419137048117248 |
|---|---|
| author | Sirawut Sittichok Hataichanok Passara Tanapoom Moungthipmalai Jirisuda Sinthusiri Kouhei Murata Mayura Soonwera |
| author_facet | Sirawut Sittichok Hataichanok Passara Tanapoom Moungthipmalai Jirisuda Sinthusiri Kouhei Murata Mayura Soonwera |
| author_sort | Sirawut Sittichok |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The present study evaluated the larvicidal and pupicidal activities of pure and mixed monoterpene formulations—eucalyptol, geranial, <i>trans</i>-anethole, and <i>trans</i>-cinnamaldehyde—against <i>Aedes aegypti</i> and compared them with 1% (<i>w</i>/<i>w</i>) temephos. Safety bioassays of all formulations on non-target species confirmed their safety. The combined mixture of eucalyptol + <i>trans</i>-anethole at 400 µg/mL exhibited stronger larvicidal activity, with an LC<sub>50</sub> of 176 µg/mL, while the combination of <i>trans</i>-anethole + geranial at 400 µg/mL exhibited stronger pupicidal activity with an LC<sub>50</sub> of 167 µg/mL. Both formulations were more effective than a 1% temephos. All the mixture formulations were more strongly synergistic compared to pure formulations, with an increased mortality value (IMV) of 25% to 95%. External morphological aberrations observed at death included swelling of the respiratory system. Importantly, all the formulations were safe for two non-target species: guppies (<i>Poecilia reticulata</i>) and honeybees (<i>Apis mellifera</i>). The combination formulations are strong larvicides and pupicides for controlling <i>Ae</i>. <i>Aegypti,</i> which will help reduce the spread of viruses carried by this vector. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-b55a91c0b1d24650b42a2af520c9b15a |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2075-4450 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Insects |
| spelling | doaj-art-b55a91c0b1d24650b42a2af520c9b15a2025-08-20T03:32:14ZengMDPI AGInsects2075-44502025-07-0116773810.3390/insects16070738Synergistic Larvicidal and Pupicidal Effects of Monoterpene Mixtures Against <i>Aedes aegypti</i> with Low Toxicity to Guppies and HoneybeesSirawut Sittichok0Hataichanok Passara1Tanapoom Moungthipmalai2Jirisuda Sinthusiri3Kouhei Murata4Mayura Soonwera5School of Agriculture and Cooperatives, Sukhothai Thammathirat Open University, Nonthaburi 11120, ThailandOffice of Administrative Interdisciplinary Program on Agricultural Technology, School of Agricultural Technology, King Mongkut’s Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Ladkrabang, Bangkok 10520, ThailandDepartment of Plant Production Technology, School of Agricultural Technology, King Mongkut’s Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Ladkrabang, Bangkok 10520, ThailandCommunity Public Health Program, Faculty of Public and Environmental Health, Huachiew Chalermprakiet University, Samut Prakan 10540, ThailandSchool of Agriculture, Tokai University, Kumamoto 862-8652, JapanOffice of Administrative Interdisciplinary Program on Agricultural Technology, School of Agricultural Technology, King Mongkut’s Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Ladkrabang, Bangkok 10520, ThailandThe present study evaluated the larvicidal and pupicidal activities of pure and mixed monoterpene formulations—eucalyptol, geranial, <i>trans</i>-anethole, and <i>trans</i>-cinnamaldehyde—against <i>Aedes aegypti</i> and compared them with 1% (<i>w</i>/<i>w</i>) temephos. Safety bioassays of all formulations on non-target species confirmed their safety. The combined mixture of eucalyptol + <i>trans</i>-anethole at 400 µg/mL exhibited stronger larvicidal activity, with an LC<sub>50</sub> of 176 µg/mL, while the combination of <i>trans</i>-anethole + geranial at 400 µg/mL exhibited stronger pupicidal activity with an LC<sub>50</sub> of 167 µg/mL. Both formulations were more effective than a 1% temephos. All the mixture formulations were more strongly synergistic compared to pure formulations, with an increased mortality value (IMV) of 25% to 95%. External morphological aberrations observed at death included swelling of the respiratory system. Importantly, all the formulations were safe for two non-target species: guppies (<i>Poecilia reticulata</i>) and honeybees (<i>Apis mellifera</i>). The combination formulations are strong larvicides and pupicides for controlling <i>Ae</i>. <i>Aegypti,</i> which will help reduce the spread of viruses carried by this vector.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4450/16/7/738<i>Aedes aegypti</i>eucalyptol<i>trans</i>-anetholegeranialsynergistic effectnon-target species |
| spellingShingle | Sirawut Sittichok Hataichanok Passara Tanapoom Moungthipmalai Jirisuda Sinthusiri Kouhei Murata Mayura Soonwera Synergistic Larvicidal and Pupicidal Effects of Monoterpene Mixtures Against <i>Aedes aegypti</i> with Low Toxicity to Guppies and Honeybees Insects <i>Aedes aegypti</i> eucalyptol <i>trans</i>-anethole geranial synergistic effect non-target species |
| title | Synergistic Larvicidal and Pupicidal Effects of Monoterpene Mixtures Against <i>Aedes aegypti</i> with Low Toxicity to Guppies and Honeybees |
| title_full | Synergistic Larvicidal and Pupicidal Effects of Monoterpene Mixtures Against <i>Aedes aegypti</i> with Low Toxicity to Guppies and Honeybees |
| title_fullStr | Synergistic Larvicidal and Pupicidal Effects of Monoterpene Mixtures Against <i>Aedes aegypti</i> with Low Toxicity to Guppies and Honeybees |
| title_full_unstemmed | Synergistic Larvicidal and Pupicidal Effects of Monoterpene Mixtures Against <i>Aedes aegypti</i> with Low Toxicity to Guppies and Honeybees |
| title_short | Synergistic Larvicidal and Pupicidal Effects of Monoterpene Mixtures Against <i>Aedes aegypti</i> with Low Toxicity to Guppies and Honeybees |
| title_sort | synergistic larvicidal and pupicidal effects of monoterpene mixtures against i aedes aegypti i with low toxicity to guppies and honeybees |
| topic | <i>Aedes aegypti</i> eucalyptol <i>trans</i>-anethole geranial synergistic effect non-target species |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4450/16/7/738 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT sirawutsittichok synergisticlarvicidalandpupicidaleffectsofmonoterpenemixturesagainstiaedesaegyptiiwithlowtoxicitytoguppiesandhoneybees AT hataichanokpassara synergisticlarvicidalandpupicidaleffectsofmonoterpenemixturesagainstiaedesaegyptiiwithlowtoxicitytoguppiesandhoneybees AT tanapoommoungthipmalai synergisticlarvicidalandpupicidaleffectsofmonoterpenemixturesagainstiaedesaegyptiiwithlowtoxicitytoguppiesandhoneybees AT jirisudasinthusiri synergisticlarvicidalandpupicidaleffectsofmonoterpenemixturesagainstiaedesaegyptiiwithlowtoxicitytoguppiesandhoneybees AT kouheimurata synergisticlarvicidalandpupicidaleffectsofmonoterpenemixturesagainstiaedesaegyptiiwithlowtoxicitytoguppiesandhoneybees AT mayurasoonwera synergisticlarvicidalandpupicidaleffectsofmonoterpenemixturesagainstiaedesaegyptiiwithlowtoxicitytoguppiesandhoneybees |