Underdetermined AOA Estimation Using Non-Uniform Sub-Connected Hybrid Beamforming Systems
Hybrid beamforming (HBF) is emerging as a key technology for future wireless networks, particularly in millimeter wave (mmWave) bands. In this paper, we present a non-uniform sub-connected hybrid beamforming (NSC-HBF) system that enables the implementation of the difference co-array for the underdet...
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IEEE
2025-01-01
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| Series: | IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society |
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| Online Access: | https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10891408/ |
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| author | Yu-Chen Liu Hsuan-Jung Su Yasuhiro Takano |
| author_facet | Yu-Chen Liu Hsuan-Jung Su Yasuhiro Takano |
| author_sort | Yu-Chen Liu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Hybrid beamforming (HBF) is emerging as a key technology for future wireless networks, particularly in millimeter wave (mmWave) bands. In this paper, we present a non-uniform sub-connected hybrid beamforming (NSC-HBF) system that enables the implementation of the difference co-array for the underdetermined angle-of-arrival (AOA) estimation. We propose a broad beam synthesis technique to mitigate performance degradation caused by uneven analog combining gains. To further enhance estimation efficiency, we modified the co-array least mean squares (co-array LMS) method by directly solving the least-squares problem to determine the filter weights. The proposed method reduces computational complexity and eliminates iterative procedures for faster processing. Our numerical results demonstrate the pseudo-spectrum and detection performance for both pencil and broad beams, highlighting the importance of analog combining codebook design. Additionally, the proposed method achieves higher estimation accuracy compared to the co-array root-LMS. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-b545fecf9c5b4799b2b6ad4be31d8213 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2644-125X |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | IEEE |
| record_format | Article |
| series | IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society |
| spelling | doaj-art-b545fecf9c5b4799b2b6ad4be31d82132025-08-20T03:18:15ZengIEEEIEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society2644-125X2025-01-0161485149610.1109/OJCOMS.2025.354284310891408Underdetermined AOA Estimation Using Non-Uniform Sub-Connected Hybrid Beamforming SystemsYu-Chen Liu0https://orcid.org/0009-0002-2718-6610Hsuan-Jung Su1https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4902-1393Yasuhiro Takano2https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0266-8368Graduate Institute of Communication Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, TaiwanGraduate Institute of Communication Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, TaiwanDepartment of Information Systems Engineering, Chitose Institute of Science and Technology, Chitose, Hokkaido, JapanHybrid beamforming (HBF) is emerging as a key technology for future wireless networks, particularly in millimeter wave (mmWave) bands. In this paper, we present a non-uniform sub-connected hybrid beamforming (NSC-HBF) system that enables the implementation of the difference co-array for the underdetermined angle-of-arrival (AOA) estimation. We propose a broad beam synthesis technique to mitigate performance degradation caused by uneven analog combining gains. To further enhance estimation efficiency, we modified the co-array least mean squares (co-array LMS) method by directly solving the least-squares problem to determine the filter weights. The proposed method reduces computational complexity and eliminates iterative procedures for faster processing. Our numerical results demonstrate the pseudo-spectrum and detection performance for both pencil and broad beams, highlighting the importance of analog combining codebook design. Additionally, the proposed method achieves higher estimation accuracy compared to the co-array root-LMS.https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10891408/Nested arrayHBFNSC-HBFunderdetermined AOA estimation |
| spellingShingle | Yu-Chen Liu Hsuan-Jung Su Yasuhiro Takano Underdetermined AOA Estimation Using Non-Uniform Sub-Connected Hybrid Beamforming Systems IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society Nested array HBF NSC-HBF underdetermined AOA estimation |
| title | Underdetermined AOA Estimation Using Non-Uniform Sub-Connected Hybrid Beamforming Systems |
| title_full | Underdetermined AOA Estimation Using Non-Uniform Sub-Connected Hybrid Beamforming Systems |
| title_fullStr | Underdetermined AOA Estimation Using Non-Uniform Sub-Connected Hybrid Beamforming Systems |
| title_full_unstemmed | Underdetermined AOA Estimation Using Non-Uniform Sub-Connected Hybrid Beamforming Systems |
| title_short | Underdetermined AOA Estimation Using Non-Uniform Sub-Connected Hybrid Beamforming Systems |
| title_sort | underdetermined aoa estimation using non uniform sub connected hybrid beamforming systems |
| topic | Nested array HBF NSC-HBF underdetermined AOA estimation |
| url | https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10891408/ |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT yuchenliu underdeterminedaoaestimationusingnonuniformsubconnectedhybridbeamformingsystems AT hsuanjungsu underdeterminedaoaestimationusingnonuniformsubconnectedhybridbeamformingsystems AT yasuhirotakano underdeterminedaoaestimationusingnonuniformsubconnectedhybridbeamformingsystems |