A Bacteria Acclimation Technology Based on Nitrogen Source Regulation and Its Application in the Reinforcement of Island and Reef Slopes

Microbially Induced Calcium Carbonate Precipitation (MICP) technology has garnered significant attention in geotechnical engineering and environmental remediation due to its environmentally friendly and cost-effective advantages. However, the current MICP technology faces challenges in practical eng...

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Main Authors: Xin Chen, Ziyu Wang, Liang Cao, Peng Cao, Shuyue Liu, Yu Xie, Yingqi Xie
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-04-01
Series:Journal of Marine Science and Engineering
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1312/13/5/848
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author Xin Chen
Ziyu Wang
Liang Cao
Peng Cao
Shuyue Liu
Yu Xie
Yingqi Xie
author_facet Xin Chen
Ziyu Wang
Liang Cao
Peng Cao
Shuyue Liu
Yu Xie
Yingqi Xie
author_sort Xin Chen
collection DOAJ
description Microbially Induced Calcium Carbonate Precipitation (MICP) technology has garnered significant attention in geotechnical engineering and environmental remediation due to its environmentally friendly and cost-effective advantages. However, the current MICP technology faces challenges in practical engineering applications, particularly the prolonged cementation time, which makes it difficult to meet the requirements for coastal slope reinforcement. Therefore, this study designed novel cultivation conditions for Sporosarcina pasteurii by regulating external nitrogen source concentration and evaluated its environmental adaptability by measuring OD600, urease activity, and bacterial length. By monitoring the changes in Ca<sup>2+</sup> concentration, pH, and precipitation rate over time during the mineralization process, rapid cementation under MICP conditions was achieved. The engineering applicability of this approach in slope reinforcement was comprehensively assessed through simulated on-site scouring and penetration tests. The reinforcement mechanism and the microstructure of the cementation under novel cultivation conditions were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The results indicated that the activity of Sporosarcina pasteurii in the modified NH<sub>4</sub>-YE medium significantly improved in freshwater environments, and the MICP mineralization reaction was rapid, completing within 4 h. The primary crystal form of the generated precipitate was rhombohedral calcite, which formed a tightly bonded microstructure with calcareous sand, achieving a maximum reinforcement strength of 13.61 MPa. The penetration strength increased by at least 20%, and the precipitation rate improved by at least 2-fold. The scouring morphology remained essentially unchanged within 6 h. The findings of this study provide foundational and theoretical data for the application of MICP reinforcement technology to coastal calcareous sand models.
format Article
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issn 2077-1312
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publishDate 2025-04-01
publisher MDPI AG
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series Journal of Marine Science and Engineering
spelling doaj-art-b4fefd798079402588304d7f574e37c22025-08-20T03:14:36ZengMDPI AGJournal of Marine Science and Engineering2077-13122025-04-0113584810.3390/jmse13050848A Bacteria Acclimation Technology Based on Nitrogen Source Regulation and Its Application in the Reinforcement of Island and Reef SlopesXin Chen0Ziyu Wang1Liang Cao2Peng Cao3Shuyue Liu4Yu Xie5Yingqi Xie6Yazhou Bay Innovation Institute, College of Marine Science and Technology, Hainan Tropical Ocean University, Sanya 572022, ChinaYazhou Bay Innovation Institute, College of Marine Science and Technology, Hainan Tropical Ocean University, Sanya 572022, ChinaCollege of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, ChinaCollege of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, ChinaCollege of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, ChinaYazhou Bay Innovation Institute, College of Marine Science and Technology, Hainan Tropical Ocean University, Sanya 572022, ChinaYazhou Bay Innovation Institute, College of Marine Science and Technology, Hainan Tropical Ocean University, Sanya 572022, ChinaMicrobially Induced Calcium Carbonate Precipitation (MICP) technology has garnered significant attention in geotechnical engineering and environmental remediation due to its environmentally friendly and cost-effective advantages. However, the current MICP technology faces challenges in practical engineering applications, particularly the prolonged cementation time, which makes it difficult to meet the requirements for coastal slope reinforcement. Therefore, this study designed novel cultivation conditions for Sporosarcina pasteurii by regulating external nitrogen source concentration and evaluated its environmental adaptability by measuring OD600, urease activity, and bacterial length. By monitoring the changes in Ca<sup>2+</sup> concentration, pH, and precipitation rate over time during the mineralization process, rapid cementation under MICP conditions was achieved. The engineering applicability of this approach in slope reinforcement was comprehensively assessed through simulated on-site scouring and penetration tests. The reinforcement mechanism and the microstructure of the cementation under novel cultivation conditions were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The results indicated that the activity of Sporosarcina pasteurii in the modified NH<sub>4</sub>-YE medium significantly improved in freshwater environments, and the MICP mineralization reaction was rapid, completing within 4 h. The primary crystal form of the generated precipitate was rhombohedral calcite, which formed a tightly bonded microstructure with calcareous sand, achieving a maximum reinforcement strength of 13.61 MPa. The penetration strength increased by at least 20%, and the precipitation rate improved by at least 2-fold. The scouring morphology remained essentially unchanged within 6 h. The findings of this study provide foundational and theoretical data for the application of MICP reinforcement technology to coastal calcareous sand models.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1312/13/5/848<i>Bacillus pasteurii</i>culture mediumMICPcoastal erosioncoastal model
spellingShingle Xin Chen
Ziyu Wang
Liang Cao
Peng Cao
Shuyue Liu
Yu Xie
Yingqi Xie
A Bacteria Acclimation Technology Based on Nitrogen Source Regulation and Its Application in the Reinforcement of Island and Reef Slopes
Journal of Marine Science and Engineering
<i>Bacillus pasteurii</i>
culture medium
MICP
coastal erosion
coastal model
title A Bacteria Acclimation Technology Based on Nitrogen Source Regulation and Its Application in the Reinforcement of Island and Reef Slopes
title_full A Bacteria Acclimation Technology Based on Nitrogen Source Regulation and Its Application in the Reinforcement of Island and Reef Slopes
title_fullStr A Bacteria Acclimation Technology Based on Nitrogen Source Regulation and Its Application in the Reinforcement of Island and Reef Slopes
title_full_unstemmed A Bacteria Acclimation Technology Based on Nitrogen Source Regulation and Its Application in the Reinforcement of Island and Reef Slopes
title_short A Bacteria Acclimation Technology Based on Nitrogen Source Regulation and Its Application in the Reinforcement of Island and Reef Slopes
title_sort bacteria acclimation technology based on nitrogen source regulation and its application in the reinforcement of island and reef slopes
topic <i>Bacillus pasteurii</i>
culture medium
MICP
coastal erosion
coastal model
url https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1312/13/5/848
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