Association of social frailty, sarcopenia, and oral frailty with depressive symptoms in Chinese older adults: a cross-sectional study
Abstract Background Depressive symptoms are a serious health issue that can cause profound, lifelong suffering for people who are affected by it. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of sarcopenia, oral frailty, and social frailty on depressive symptoms among Chinese participants aged ≥ 60 years...
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2025-02-01
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-025-21662-2 |
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| author | Yuanhao Sun Huan Liu Xiangdong Li Lin Zhang Wenwen Xu Hairong liu Ting Yuan |
| author_facet | Yuanhao Sun Huan Liu Xiangdong Li Lin Zhang Wenwen Xu Hairong liu Ting Yuan |
| author_sort | Yuanhao Sun |
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| description | Abstract Background Depressive symptoms are a serious health issue that can cause profound, lifelong suffering for people who are affected by it. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of sarcopenia, oral frailty, and social frailty on depressive symptoms among Chinese participants aged ≥ 60 years old in China. Methods This research utilized a cross-sectional design and used convenience sampling to select participants from Anhui Province, China. Demographic questionnaire, SARC-F (Strength, Assistance with walking, Rising from a chair, Climbing stairs, and Falls), OFI-8 (Oral Frailty Index-8), the HALFT (Help, Participation, Loneliness, Financial, Talk) scale, and PHQ-9 (Patient Health Questionnaire-9) were used to conduct the survey. A chi-square test was performed to evaluate the differences between categorical variables, spearman correlation analysis was used to find the correlation between depressive symptoms and factors. Four regression models were set up to evaluate the effect of factors on depressive symptoms and select the appropriate adjustment variables. Results Of 1453 participants, 33.5% had sarcopenia, 51.4% had oral frailty, 31.5% had pre-social frailty, 14.5% had social frailty, and 32.2% had depressive symptoms. Spearman correlation analysis indicated that depressive symptoms significantly correlated with sarcopenia (r = 0.415), oral frailty (r = 0.282), and social frailty (r = 0.410). In crude analysis, sarcopenia (OR = 0.179, 95%CI 0.141–0.227), oral frailty (OR = 3.946, 95%CI 3.101–5.021), pre-social frailty (OR = 4.449, 95%CI 3.401–5.818), and social frailty (OR = 12.552, 95%CI 8.833–17.837) were significantly associated with depressive symptoms in older adults. After adjusting for the covariates, sarcopenia (OR = 4.301, 95%CI 3.322–5.569), oral frailty (OR = 3.136, 95%CI 2.430–4.046), pre-social frailty (OR = 3.664, 95%CI 2.775–4.836) and social frailty (OR = 9.488, 95%CI 6.560-13.723) were significantly associated with depressive symptoms. (P <0.05). Conclusion This research indicated that sarcopenia, oral frailty, pre-social frailty, and social frailty, were significant and positively associated with depressive symptoms. These results provide clinicians with a reference for identifying high-risk older adults and give public health policymakers a scientific approach to taking targeted interventions. Future research should further explore the two-way relationship between these factors and depressive symptoms and assess the effectiveness of different interventions. This will help to improve the quality of life and mental health. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-b48dd848beb04db094aec315a09b5f93 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1471-2458 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-02-01 |
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| spelling | doaj-art-b48dd848beb04db094aec315a09b5f932025-02-09T12:58:45ZengBMCBMC Public Health1471-24582025-02-0125111010.1186/s12889-025-21662-2Association of social frailty, sarcopenia, and oral frailty with depressive symptoms in Chinese older adults: a cross-sectional studyYuanhao Sun0Huan Liu1Xiangdong Li2Lin Zhang3Wenwen Xu4Hairong liu5Ting Yuan6Department of Graduate School, Wannan Medical CollegeDepartment of Hemodialysis, Yijishan Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical CollegeDepartment of Gerontology, Yijishan Hospital, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical CollegeSchool of Nursing, Wannan Medical CollegeDepartment of Graduate School, Wannan Medical CollegeSchool of Humanities and Management Science, Wannan Medical CollegeSchool of Nursing, Wannan Medical CollegeAbstract Background Depressive symptoms are a serious health issue that can cause profound, lifelong suffering for people who are affected by it. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of sarcopenia, oral frailty, and social frailty on depressive symptoms among Chinese participants aged ≥ 60 years old in China. Methods This research utilized a cross-sectional design and used convenience sampling to select participants from Anhui Province, China. Demographic questionnaire, SARC-F (Strength, Assistance with walking, Rising from a chair, Climbing stairs, and Falls), OFI-8 (Oral Frailty Index-8), the HALFT (Help, Participation, Loneliness, Financial, Talk) scale, and PHQ-9 (Patient Health Questionnaire-9) were used to conduct the survey. A chi-square test was performed to evaluate the differences between categorical variables, spearman correlation analysis was used to find the correlation between depressive symptoms and factors. Four regression models were set up to evaluate the effect of factors on depressive symptoms and select the appropriate adjustment variables. Results Of 1453 participants, 33.5% had sarcopenia, 51.4% had oral frailty, 31.5% had pre-social frailty, 14.5% had social frailty, and 32.2% had depressive symptoms. Spearman correlation analysis indicated that depressive symptoms significantly correlated with sarcopenia (r = 0.415), oral frailty (r = 0.282), and social frailty (r = 0.410). In crude analysis, sarcopenia (OR = 0.179, 95%CI 0.141–0.227), oral frailty (OR = 3.946, 95%CI 3.101–5.021), pre-social frailty (OR = 4.449, 95%CI 3.401–5.818), and social frailty (OR = 12.552, 95%CI 8.833–17.837) were significantly associated with depressive symptoms in older adults. After adjusting for the covariates, sarcopenia (OR = 4.301, 95%CI 3.322–5.569), oral frailty (OR = 3.136, 95%CI 2.430–4.046), pre-social frailty (OR = 3.664, 95%CI 2.775–4.836) and social frailty (OR = 9.488, 95%CI 6.560-13.723) were significantly associated with depressive symptoms. (P <0.05). Conclusion This research indicated that sarcopenia, oral frailty, pre-social frailty, and social frailty, were significant and positively associated with depressive symptoms. These results provide clinicians with a reference for identifying high-risk older adults and give public health policymakers a scientific approach to taking targeted interventions. Future research should further explore the two-way relationship between these factors and depressive symptoms and assess the effectiveness of different interventions. This will help to improve the quality of life and mental health.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-025-21662-2Depressive symptomsSarcopeniaOral frailtySocial frailtyOlder adults |
| spellingShingle | Yuanhao Sun Huan Liu Xiangdong Li Lin Zhang Wenwen Xu Hairong liu Ting Yuan Association of social frailty, sarcopenia, and oral frailty with depressive symptoms in Chinese older adults: a cross-sectional study BMC Public Health Depressive symptoms Sarcopenia Oral frailty Social frailty Older adults |
| title | Association of social frailty, sarcopenia, and oral frailty with depressive symptoms in Chinese older adults: a cross-sectional study |
| title_full | Association of social frailty, sarcopenia, and oral frailty with depressive symptoms in Chinese older adults: a cross-sectional study |
| title_fullStr | Association of social frailty, sarcopenia, and oral frailty with depressive symptoms in Chinese older adults: a cross-sectional study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Association of social frailty, sarcopenia, and oral frailty with depressive symptoms in Chinese older adults: a cross-sectional study |
| title_short | Association of social frailty, sarcopenia, and oral frailty with depressive symptoms in Chinese older adults: a cross-sectional study |
| title_sort | association of social frailty sarcopenia and oral frailty with depressive symptoms in chinese older adults a cross sectional study |
| topic | Depressive symptoms Sarcopenia Oral frailty Social frailty Older adults |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-025-21662-2 |
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