Exploring Galleria mellonella as a novel model for evaluating permeation and toxicity of natural compounds
Introduction Recent legislative advancements emphasize the need for alternative methods in assessing efficacy and safety while adhering to the 3Rs principles (reduce, replace, and refine) of animal experimentation. In this context, Galleria mellonella has become a well-established model in safety an...
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European Publishing
2024-12-01
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| Series: | Public Health and Toxicology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.publichealthtoxicology.com/Exploring-Galleria-mellonella-as-a-novel-model-nfor-evaluating-permeation-and-toxicity,197414,0,2.html |
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| author | Samanta de Matos Silva Junya de Lacorte Singulani Lígia de Souza Fernandes Ketylin Fernanda Migliato Maria José Soares Mendes-Giannini Ana Marisa Fusco-Almeida |
| author_facet | Samanta de Matos Silva Junya de Lacorte Singulani Lígia de Souza Fernandes Ketylin Fernanda Migliato Maria José Soares Mendes-Giannini Ana Marisa Fusco-Almeida |
| author_sort | Samanta de Matos Silva |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Introduction
Recent legislative advancements emphasize
the need for alternative methods in assessing efficacy
and safety while adhering to the 3Rs principles (reduce,
replace, and refine) of animal experimentation. In this
context, Galleria mellonella has become a well-established
model in safety and efficacy research. However, existing
studies predominantly focus on its use in injectable routes
concerning pathogens and chemical compounds, leaving
a significant gap in understanding other administration
pathways, particularly topical application. To address this
gap and contribute to the validation of G. mellonella as a
model for cutaneous absorption studies, our investigation
compares the toxicity data of gallic acid (GA) in mammalian
models, alternative animal models such as G. mellonella and
Caenorhabditis elegans, as well as monolayer cell cultures,
providing insights valuable for future research.
Methods
This was an experimental study aimed at
evaluating the toxicity and permeation of gallic acid (GA)
using different in vivo and in vitro alternative models,
including G. mellonella, C. elegans, and monolayer cell
cultures. Our study specifically evaluated the toxicity of GA in
solution using human keratinocytes (HaCat), human dermal
fibroblasts (HDFa), and human liver cell lines (HepG2),
in addition to invertebrate animal models of C. elegans
and semi-solid formulations in G. mellonella via topical
administration. The results demonstrated GA’s higher toxicity
in C. elegans, followed by sequential susceptibility in HaCat,
HepG2, and HDFa cells.
Results
Surprisingly, G. mellonella displayed a notably
high tolerance to GA, presenting no discernible alterations
in cellular immune responses in injectable nor topical
administration. Observations of the humoral immune
response in G. mellonella larvae showcased melanization
both administration conditions, indicating absorption
following topical administration of higher GA concentrations.
Conclusions
GA demonstrated low toxicity in cellular
models, whereas G. mellonella revealed promise as a
methodology for topical toxicity testing in cutaneous
absorption. However, further research is essential to validate
its efficacy. These findings demonstrated the potential to
establish correlations in toxicology data between various
alternative methodologies and mammals, potentially aiding
in the prediction of toxicity in humans. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-b4839fc7d85e4ecd8a124cf69abc3e9a |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2732-8929 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
| publisher | European Publishing |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Public Health and Toxicology |
| spelling | doaj-art-b4839fc7d85e4ecd8a124cf69abc3e9a2025-08-20T01:49:40ZengEuropean PublishingPublic Health and Toxicology2732-89292024-12-01441910.18332/pht/197414197414Exploring Galleria mellonella as a novel model for evaluating permeation and toxicity of natural compoundsSamanta de Matos Silva0https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1390-117XJunya de Lacorte Singulani1Lígia de Souza Fernandes2Ketylin Fernanda Migliato3Maria José Soares Mendes-Giannini4Ana Marisa Fusco-Almeida5https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2115-8988São Paulo State University ‘Júlio de Mesquita Filho’ (UNESP), São Paulo, BrazilSão Paulo State University ‘Júlio de Mesquita Filho’ (UNESP), São Paulo, BrazilSão Paulo State University ‘Júlio de Mesquita Filho’ (UNESP), São Paulo, BrazilCentral Paulista University Center (UNICEP), São Paulo, BrazilSão Paulo State University ‘Júlio de Mesquita Filho’ (UNESP), São Paulo, BrazilSão Paulo State University ‘Júlio de Mesquita Filho’ (UNESP), São Paulo, BrazilIntroduction Recent legislative advancements emphasize the need for alternative methods in assessing efficacy and safety while adhering to the 3Rs principles (reduce, replace, and refine) of animal experimentation. In this context, Galleria mellonella has become a well-established model in safety and efficacy research. However, existing studies predominantly focus on its use in injectable routes concerning pathogens and chemical compounds, leaving a significant gap in understanding other administration pathways, particularly topical application. To address this gap and contribute to the validation of G. mellonella as a model for cutaneous absorption studies, our investigation compares the toxicity data of gallic acid (GA) in mammalian models, alternative animal models such as G. mellonella and Caenorhabditis elegans, as well as monolayer cell cultures, providing insights valuable for future research. Methods This was an experimental study aimed at evaluating the toxicity and permeation of gallic acid (GA) using different in vivo and in vitro alternative models, including G. mellonella, C. elegans, and monolayer cell cultures. Our study specifically evaluated the toxicity of GA in solution using human keratinocytes (HaCat), human dermal fibroblasts (HDFa), and human liver cell lines (HepG2), in addition to invertebrate animal models of C. elegans and semi-solid formulations in G. mellonella via topical administration. The results demonstrated GA’s higher toxicity in C. elegans, followed by sequential susceptibility in HaCat, HepG2, and HDFa cells. Results Surprisingly, G. mellonella displayed a notably high tolerance to GA, presenting no discernible alterations in cellular immune responses in injectable nor topical administration. Observations of the humoral immune response in G. mellonella larvae showcased melanization both administration conditions, indicating absorption following topical administration of higher GA concentrations. Conclusions GA demonstrated low toxicity in cellular models, whereas G. mellonella revealed promise as a methodology for topical toxicity testing in cutaneous absorption. However, further research is essential to validate its efficacy. These findings demonstrated the potential to establish correlations in toxicology data between various alternative methodologies and mammals, potentially aiding in the prediction of toxicity in humans.https://www.publichealthtoxicology.com/Exploring-Galleria-mellonella-as-a-novel-model-nfor-evaluating-permeation-and-toxicity,197414,0,2.htmltoxicitygallic acidgalleria mellonellacaenorhabditis eleganstopical administrationcells culture |
| spellingShingle | Samanta de Matos Silva Junya de Lacorte Singulani Lígia de Souza Fernandes Ketylin Fernanda Migliato Maria José Soares Mendes-Giannini Ana Marisa Fusco-Almeida Exploring Galleria mellonella as a novel model for evaluating permeation and toxicity of natural compounds Public Health and Toxicology toxicity gallic acid galleria mellonella caenorhabditis elegans topical administration cells culture |
| title | Exploring Galleria mellonella as a novel model
for evaluating permeation and toxicity of natural
compounds |
| title_full | Exploring Galleria mellonella as a novel model
for evaluating permeation and toxicity of natural
compounds |
| title_fullStr | Exploring Galleria mellonella as a novel model
for evaluating permeation and toxicity of natural
compounds |
| title_full_unstemmed | Exploring Galleria mellonella as a novel model
for evaluating permeation and toxicity of natural
compounds |
| title_short | Exploring Galleria mellonella as a novel model
for evaluating permeation and toxicity of natural
compounds |
| title_sort | exploring galleria mellonella as a novel model for evaluating permeation and toxicity of natural compounds |
| topic | toxicity gallic acid galleria mellonella caenorhabditis elegans topical administration cells culture |
| url | https://www.publichealthtoxicology.com/Exploring-Galleria-mellonella-as-a-novel-model-nfor-evaluating-permeation-and-toxicity,197414,0,2.html |
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