Demulsification Kinetics of Water-in-Oil Emulsions of Ecuadorian Crude Oil: Influence of Temperature and Salinity

This work focuses on the stability analysis of water-in-oil macroemulsions with a crude oil from the Sacha Field in Ecuador. This field is an important hydrocarbon resource in Ecuador with a typical bottom freshwater drive. The comprehensive stability analysis includes coalescence, water resolution...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Jordy Sarmas-Farfan, Antonio Diaz-Barrios, Teresa E. Lehmann, Vladimir Alvarado
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-06-01
Series:Energies
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/18/12/3115
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849472046710390784
author Jordy Sarmas-Farfan
Antonio Diaz-Barrios
Teresa E. Lehmann
Vladimir Alvarado
author_facet Jordy Sarmas-Farfan
Antonio Diaz-Barrios
Teresa E. Lehmann
Vladimir Alvarado
author_sort Jordy Sarmas-Farfan
collection DOAJ
description This work focuses on the stability analysis of water-in-oil macroemulsions with a crude oil from the Sacha Field in Ecuador. This field is an important hydrocarbon resource in Ecuador with a typical bottom freshwater drive. The comprehensive stability analysis includes coalescence, water resolution or phase separation, and water–oil interfacial tension and interfacial dilatational viscoelastic modulus measurements over time. Two main parameters, due to their relevance, were controlled in these experiments: water salinity and temperature. The analysis reported here is the first focused on this important resource in Ecuador. Findings shed light on which mechanisms more likely control the stability of these water-in-oil macroemulsions. Results herein suggest that regardless of temperature, low-salinity water favors emulsion stability, likely due to the tendency of a stiffer interface formation at low-ionic strength, as interfacial viscoelasticity measurements show. This implies that the low-ionic strength water from the aquifer can enable the formation of stable emulsions. In contrast, water resolution depends significantly on temperature, possibly due to higher sedimentation rates. The implication is that if emulsions do not break up before cooling off, the emulsion can become more stable. Finally, analysis of the interface buildup rates could explain the observed increase in emulsion stability over time.
format Article
id doaj-art-b47bcb8f986e4e38a2a2ab4b503d9679
institution Kabale University
issn 1996-1073
language English
publishDate 2025-06-01
publisher MDPI AG
record_format Article
series Energies
spelling doaj-art-b47bcb8f986e4e38a2a2ab4b503d96792025-08-20T03:24:37ZengMDPI AGEnergies1996-10732025-06-011812311510.3390/en18123115Demulsification Kinetics of Water-in-Oil Emulsions of Ecuadorian Crude Oil: Influence of Temperature and SalinityJordy Sarmas-Farfan0Antonio Diaz-Barrios1Teresa E. Lehmann2Vladimir Alvarado3Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82071, USASchool of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Yachay Tech University, Urcuqui 100115, EcuadorDepartment of Chemistry, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82071, USADepartment of Chemical Engineering, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82071, USAThis work focuses on the stability analysis of water-in-oil macroemulsions with a crude oil from the Sacha Field in Ecuador. This field is an important hydrocarbon resource in Ecuador with a typical bottom freshwater drive. The comprehensive stability analysis includes coalescence, water resolution or phase separation, and water–oil interfacial tension and interfacial dilatational viscoelastic modulus measurements over time. Two main parameters, due to their relevance, were controlled in these experiments: water salinity and temperature. The analysis reported here is the first focused on this important resource in Ecuador. Findings shed light on which mechanisms more likely control the stability of these water-in-oil macroemulsions. Results herein suggest that regardless of temperature, low-salinity water favors emulsion stability, likely due to the tendency of a stiffer interface formation at low-ionic strength, as interfacial viscoelasticity measurements show. This implies that the low-ionic strength water from the aquifer can enable the formation of stable emulsions. In contrast, water resolution depends significantly on temperature, possibly due to higher sedimentation rates. The implication is that if emulsions do not break up before cooling off, the emulsion can become more stable. Finally, analysis of the interface buildup rates could explain the observed increase in emulsion stability over time.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/18/12/3115interfacial rheologyenhanced oil recoveryemulsion stability
spellingShingle Jordy Sarmas-Farfan
Antonio Diaz-Barrios
Teresa E. Lehmann
Vladimir Alvarado
Demulsification Kinetics of Water-in-Oil Emulsions of Ecuadorian Crude Oil: Influence of Temperature and Salinity
Energies
interfacial rheology
enhanced oil recovery
emulsion stability
title Demulsification Kinetics of Water-in-Oil Emulsions of Ecuadorian Crude Oil: Influence of Temperature and Salinity
title_full Demulsification Kinetics of Water-in-Oil Emulsions of Ecuadorian Crude Oil: Influence of Temperature and Salinity
title_fullStr Demulsification Kinetics of Water-in-Oil Emulsions of Ecuadorian Crude Oil: Influence of Temperature and Salinity
title_full_unstemmed Demulsification Kinetics of Water-in-Oil Emulsions of Ecuadorian Crude Oil: Influence of Temperature and Salinity
title_short Demulsification Kinetics of Water-in-Oil Emulsions of Ecuadorian Crude Oil: Influence of Temperature and Salinity
title_sort demulsification kinetics of water in oil emulsions of ecuadorian crude oil influence of temperature and salinity
topic interfacial rheology
enhanced oil recovery
emulsion stability
url https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/18/12/3115
work_keys_str_mv AT jordysarmasfarfan demulsificationkineticsofwaterinoilemulsionsofecuadoriancrudeoilinfluenceoftemperatureandsalinity
AT antoniodiazbarrios demulsificationkineticsofwaterinoilemulsionsofecuadoriancrudeoilinfluenceoftemperatureandsalinity
AT teresaelehmann demulsificationkineticsofwaterinoilemulsionsofecuadoriancrudeoilinfluenceoftemperatureandsalinity
AT vladimiralvarado demulsificationkineticsofwaterinoilemulsionsofecuadoriancrudeoilinfluenceoftemperatureandsalinity