Interpretation and application of Article 404 of the Criminal Procedure Code of Ukraine on court initiative: case law of the Criminal Court of Cassation
The issue of interpretation of Part 3 of Art. 404 of the Criminal Procedure Code of Ukraine regarding the initiative of the court of appeal in the examination of evidence has been investigated: at the request of the parties to the court proceedings, the court of appeal is obliged to re-examine the c...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Kharkiv National University of Internal Affairs
2023-09-01
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| Series: | Law and Safety |
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| Online Access: | http://pb.univd.edu.ua/index.php/PB/article/view/742 |
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| author | I. V. Hloviuk |
| author_facet | I. V. Hloviuk |
| author_sort | I. V. Hloviuk |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The issue of interpretation of Part 3 of Art. 404 of the Criminal Procedure Code of Ukraine regarding the initiative of the court of appeal in the examination of evidence has been investigated: at the request of the parties to the court proceedings, the court of appeal is obliged to re-examine the circumstances established during criminal proceedings, provided that they were not fully or with violations investigated by the court of first instance, and may examine evidence which was not investigated by the court of first instance, only if the parties to the court proceedings request such examination. This is due to the opposite interpretation of this provision by the courts, including the Criminal Court of Cassation of the Supreme Court. The accuracy of the literal interpretation of this provision has been argued.
Taking into account the peculiarities of proof at the stage of appellate proceedings, in particular, the controlling nature and dependence on the positions of the parties to criminal proceedings, part 3 of Article 404 of the Criminal Procedure Code of Ukraine should be interpreted as follows: when the court of appeal examines circumstances or evidence without a request of a party to criminal proceedings, it thereby goes beyond the scope of the complaint; if the court of appeal goes beyond the scope of the complaint, it is obliged to comply with the restrictions provided for in part 2 of Article 404 of the Criminal Procedure Code of Ukraine.
The conclusion has been made that examination of evidence by the court of appeal on its own initiative, without a relevant request from a party to the proceedings, to establish certain circumstances to be proved or to provide a different assessment of certain evidence which was assessed by the local court, when considering an appeal filed to worsen the position of the accused, is a violation of the principle of competition between the parties and freedom to present their evidence and prove their conviction before the court, as set out in Art. 22 of the Criminal Procedure Code of Ukraine of the principle of adversarial nature of the parties and their freedom to present their evidence and prove their conviction before the court, and may indicate a lack of impartiality and accusatory bias of the court in a particular criminal proceeding. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-b46cb004d6ae49efab58407711c174e7 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1727-1584 2617-2933 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2023-09-01 |
| publisher | Kharkiv National University of Internal Affairs |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Law and Safety |
| spelling | doaj-art-b46cb004d6ae49efab58407711c174e72025-02-03T04:28:22ZengKharkiv National University of Internal AffairsLaw and Safety1727-15842617-29332023-09-01903788710.32631/pb.2023.3.07742Interpretation and application of Article 404 of the Criminal Procedure Code of Ukraine on court initiative: case law of the Criminal Court of CassationI. V. Hloviuk0Lviv State University of Internal AffairsThe issue of interpretation of Part 3 of Art. 404 of the Criminal Procedure Code of Ukraine regarding the initiative of the court of appeal in the examination of evidence has been investigated: at the request of the parties to the court proceedings, the court of appeal is obliged to re-examine the circumstances established during criminal proceedings, provided that they were not fully or with violations investigated by the court of first instance, and may examine evidence which was not investigated by the court of first instance, only if the parties to the court proceedings request such examination. This is due to the opposite interpretation of this provision by the courts, including the Criminal Court of Cassation of the Supreme Court. The accuracy of the literal interpretation of this provision has been argued. Taking into account the peculiarities of proof at the stage of appellate proceedings, in particular, the controlling nature and dependence on the positions of the parties to criminal proceedings, part 3 of Article 404 of the Criminal Procedure Code of Ukraine should be interpreted as follows: when the court of appeal examines circumstances or evidence without a request of a party to criminal proceedings, it thereby goes beyond the scope of the complaint; if the court of appeal goes beyond the scope of the complaint, it is obliged to comply with the restrictions provided for in part 2 of Article 404 of the Criminal Procedure Code of Ukraine. The conclusion has been made that examination of evidence by the court of appeal on its own initiative, without a relevant request from a party to the proceedings, to establish certain circumstances to be proved or to provide a different assessment of certain evidence which was assessed by the local court, when considering an appeal filed to worsen the position of the accused, is a violation of the principle of competition between the parties and freedom to present their evidence and prove their conviction before the court, as set out in Art. 22 of the Criminal Procedure Code of Ukraine of the principle of adversarial nature of the parties and their freedom to present their evidence and prove their conviction before the court, and may indicate a lack of impartiality and accusatory bias of the court in a particular criminal proceeding.http://pb.univd.edu.ua/index.php/PB/article/view/742appellate proceedingscourtevidencepetitionexamination of evidenceadversarial proceedingsimpartiality. |
| spellingShingle | I. V. Hloviuk Interpretation and application of Article 404 of the Criminal Procedure Code of Ukraine on court initiative: case law of the Criminal Court of Cassation Law and Safety appellate proceedings court evidence petition examination of evidence adversarial proceedings impartiality. |
| title | Interpretation and application of Article 404 of the Criminal Procedure Code of Ukraine on court initiative: case law of the Criminal Court of Cassation |
| title_full | Interpretation and application of Article 404 of the Criminal Procedure Code of Ukraine on court initiative: case law of the Criminal Court of Cassation |
| title_fullStr | Interpretation and application of Article 404 of the Criminal Procedure Code of Ukraine on court initiative: case law of the Criminal Court of Cassation |
| title_full_unstemmed | Interpretation and application of Article 404 of the Criminal Procedure Code of Ukraine on court initiative: case law of the Criminal Court of Cassation |
| title_short | Interpretation and application of Article 404 of the Criminal Procedure Code of Ukraine on court initiative: case law of the Criminal Court of Cassation |
| title_sort | interpretation and application of article 404 of the criminal procedure code of ukraine on court initiative case law of the criminal court of cassation |
| topic | appellate proceedings court evidence petition examination of evidence adversarial proceedings impartiality. |
| url | http://pb.univd.edu.ua/index.php/PB/article/view/742 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT ivhloviuk interpretationandapplicationofarticle404ofthecriminalprocedurecodeofukraineoncourtinitiativecaselawofthecriminalcourtofcassation |