Stochastic differential equation modeling approach for grading astrocytomas on brain MRI images

Abstract Astrocytomas are among the most prevalent primary brain tumors and are classified into four grades by the World Health Organization. Accurate grading is essential for guiding treatment, as therapeutic strategies depend heavily on tumor grade. This paper presents a new preoperative classific...

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Main Authors: Mahsa Raisi-Nafchi, Mahnoosh Tajmirriahi, Hossein Rabbani, Zahra Amini
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2025-07-01
Series:Scientific Reports
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-06144-0
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author Mahsa Raisi-Nafchi
Mahnoosh Tajmirriahi
Hossein Rabbani
Zahra Amini
author_facet Mahsa Raisi-Nafchi
Mahnoosh Tajmirriahi
Hossein Rabbani
Zahra Amini
author_sort Mahsa Raisi-Nafchi
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Astrocytomas are among the most prevalent primary brain tumors and are classified into four grades by the World Health Organization. Accurate grading is essential for guiding treatment, as therapeutic strategies depend heavily on tumor grade. This paper presents a new preoperative classification method for astrocytomas, addressing the issue of data scarcity in medical imaging. This work leverages an advanced statistical modeling approach based on stochastic differential equations to analyze post-contrast T1-weighted brain MRI images that require minimal data and offer rapid processing times. In this method, the alpha-stable nature of MRI images is represented by applying a fractional Laplacian filter, and the parameters of the resulting alpha-stable distribution are fed to classifiers to detect the grade of astrocytomas. The method is implemented in both 1D and 2D processing modes, with customized preprocessing for each. Three classification algorithms were evaluated: support vector machine, K-nearest neighbor, and random forest. In the three-class classification task (Grades II–IV), the support vector machine exhibited superior performance, achieving accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of 98.49%, 98.42%, and 99.23% in 2D mode, and 93.52%, 93.23%, and 96.72% in 1D mode. The results indicate that the proposed framework has the potential to significantly enhance preoperative grading of astrocytomas.
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spelling doaj-art-b463cf6fe45345c4a1ac643b88b1b1da2025-08-20T03:03:42ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222025-07-0115111410.1038/s41598-025-06144-0Stochastic differential equation modeling approach for grading astrocytomas on brain MRI imagesMahsa Raisi-Nafchi0Mahnoosh Tajmirriahi1Hossein Rabbani2Zahra Amini3Bioimaging and Biomedical Engineering Department, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical SciencesBioelectrics and Biomedical Engineering Department, Medical Image and Signal Processing Research Centre, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical SciencesBioelectrics and Biomedical Engineering Department, Medical Image and Signal Processing Research Centre, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical SciencesBioimaging and Biomedical Engineering Department, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical SciencesAbstract Astrocytomas are among the most prevalent primary brain tumors and are classified into four grades by the World Health Organization. Accurate grading is essential for guiding treatment, as therapeutic strategies depend heavily on tumor grade. This paper presents a new preoperative classification method for astrocytomas, addressing the issue of data scarcity in medical imaging. This work leverages an advanced statistical modeling approach based on stochastic differential equations to analyze post-contrast T1-weighted brain MRI images that require minimal data and offer rapid processing times. In this method, the alpha-stable nature of MRI images is represented by applying a fractional Laplacian filter, and the parameters of the resulting alpha-stable distribution are fed to classifiers to detect the grade of astrocytomas. The method is implemented in both 1D and 2D processing modes, with customized preprocessing for each. Three classification algorithms were evaluated: support vector machine, K-nearest neighbor, and random forest. In the three-class classification task (Grades II–IV), the support vector machine exhibited superior performance, achieving accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of 98.49%, 98.42%, and 99.23% in 2D mode, and 93.52%, 93.23%, and 96.72% in 1D mode. The results indicate that the proposed framework has the potential to significantly enhance preoperative grading of astrocytomas.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-06144-0AstrocytomaBrain tumor gradingInnovation modelStochastic differential equationSDE
spellingShingle Mahsa Raisi-Nafchi
Mahnoosh Tajmirriahi
Hossein Rabbani
Zahra Amini
Stochastic differential equation modeling approach for grading astrocytomas on brain MRI images
Scientific Reports
Astrocytoma
Brain tumor grading
Innovation model
Stochastic differential equation
SDE
title Stochastic differential equation modeling approach for grading astrocytomas on brain MRI images
title_full Stochastic differential equation modeling approach for grading astrocytomas on brain MRI images
title_fullStr Stochastic differential equation modeling approach for grading astrocytomas on brain MRI images
title_full_unstemmed Stochastic differential equation modeling approach for grading astrocytomas on brain MRI images
title_short Stochastic differential equation modeling approach for grading astrocytomas on brain MRI images
title_sort stochastic differential equation modeling approach for grading astrocytomas on brain mri images
topic Astrocytoma
Brain tumor grading
Innovation model
Stochastic differential equation
SDE
url https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-06144-0
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AT mahnooshtajmirriahi stochasticdifferentialequationmodelingapproachforgradingastrocytomasonbrainmriimages
AT hosseinrabbani stochasticdifferentialequationmodelingapproachforgradingastrocytomasonbrainmriimages
AT zahraamini stochasticdifferentialequationmodelingapproachforgradingastrocytomasonbrainmriimages