DNA methylation and demethylation in adipocyte biology: roles of DNMT and TET proteins in metabolic disorders
Adipocytes play a crucial role in regulating energy metabolism throughout the body. Dysfunctional adipocyte biology is a primary factor in the development of metabolic disorders associated with obesity and type 2 diabetes. Over the past decades, the role of epigenetic mechanisms, particularly DNA me...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2025-06-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Endocrinology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fendo.2025.1591152/full |
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| author | Lijiao Wu Xiangjin Wang Luling Wang Shuyan Li Qiu Chen |
| author_facet | Lijiao Wu Xiangjin Wang Luling Wang Shuyan Li Qiu Chen |
| author_sort | Lijiao Wu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Adipocytes play a crucial role in regulating energy metabolism throughout the body. Dysfunctional adipocyte biology is a primary factor in the development of metabolic disorders associated with obesity and type 2 diabetes. Over the past decades, the role of epigenetic mechanisms, particularly DNA methylation, in the development and regulation of adipocytes has been extensively elucidated. These mechanisms influence numerous biological processes in adipose tissue and adipocytes, including lipogenesis and lipid metabolism. With the discovery of the active DNA demethylation mechanism centered on ten-eleven translocation (TET) proteins, a growing body of evidence sug-gests that DNA demethylation mechanisms also profoundly influence various aspects of adipocyte biology and regulate cellular differentiation and function by altering the methylation status of genes. Following the discovery of active DNA demethylation mechanisms mediated by TET proteins, a growing body of evidence indicates that these mechanisms profoundly influence multiple aspects of adipocyte biology. Specifically, these mechanisms regulate cellular differentiation and function by altering the methylation status of key genes involved in adipogenesis and metabolism. A precise and detailed understanding of the mechanisms underlying DNA demethylation in adipocyte biology is imperative for the identification of novel interventional therapies targeting adipocyte gene methylation and demethylation. This review examines the specific molecular mechanisms and significance of passive and active DNA demethylation in adipocyte biology, focusing on the DNA methyltransferase family and TET proteins. It summarizes crosstalk mechanisms involving DNA methyltransferases, highlights the multiple action pathways of TET proteins, and reveals the potential of additional intervention pathways. This review aims to provide an updated theoretical basis for promising therapeutic targets. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-b42b63c791cc451c86de628dbaf830e5 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1664-2392 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-06-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
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| series | Frontiers in Endocrinology |
| spelling | doaj-art-b42b63c791cc451c86de628dbaf830e52025-08-20T03:47:20ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Endocrinology1664-23922025-06-011610.3389/fendo.2025.15911521591152DNA methylation and demethylation in adipocyte biology: roles of DNMT and TET proteins in metabolic disordersLijiao Wu0Xiangjin Wang1Luling Wang2Shuyan Li3Qiu Chen4Department of Endocrinology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, ChinaSchool of Sports Medicine and Health, Chengdu Sports University, Chengdu, ChinaFaculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Chengdu, ChinaFaculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Chengdu, ChinaDepartment of Endocrinology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, ChinaAdipocytes play a crucial role in regulating energy metabolism throughout the body. Dysfunctional adipocyte biology is a primary factor in the development of metabolic disorders associated with obesity and type 2 diabetes. Over the past decades, the role of epigenetic mechanisms, particularly DNA methylation, in the development and regulation of adipocytes has been extensively elucidated. These mechanisms influence numerous biological processes in adipose tissue and adipocytes, including lipogenesis and lipid metabolism. With the discovery of the active DNA demethylation mechanism centered on ten-eleven translocation (TET) proteins, a growing body of evidence sug-gests that DNA demethylation mechanisms also profoundly influence various aspects of adipocyte biology and regulate cellular differentiation and function by altering the methylation status of genes. Following the discovery of active DNA demethylation mechanisms mediated by TET proteins, a growing body of evidence indicates that these mechanisms profoundly influence multiple aspects of adipocyte biology. Specifically, these mechanisms regulate cellular differentiation and function by altering the methylation status of key genes involved in adipogenesis and metabolism. A precise and detailed understanding of the mechanisms underlying DNA demethylation in adipocyte biology is imperative for the identification of novel interventional therapies targeting adipocyte gene methylation and demethylation. This review examines the specific molecular mechanisms and significance of passive and active DNA demethylation in adipocyte biology, focusing on the DNA methyltransferase family and TET proteins. It summarizes crosstalk mechanisms involving DNA methyltransferases, highlights the multiple action pathways of TET proteins, and reveals the potential of additional intervention pathways. This review aims to provide an updated theoretical basis for promising therapeutic targets.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fendo.2025.1591152/fullDNA methyltransferase familyten-eleven translocation proteinsadipocyte biologyDNA demethylationepigenetic mechanisms |
| spellingShingle | Lijiao Wu Xiangjin Wang Luling Wang Shuyan Li Qiu Chen DNA methylation and demethylation in adipocyte biology: roles of DNMT and TET proteins in metabolic disorders Frontiers in Endocrinology DNA methyltransferase family ten-eleven translocation proteins adipocyte biology DNA demethylation epigenetic mechanisms |
| title | DNA methylation and demethylation in adipocyte biology: roles of DNMT and TET proteins in metabolic disorders |
| title_full | DNA methylation and demethylation in adipocyte biology: roles of DNMT and TET proteins in metabolic disorders |
| title_fullStr | DNA methylation and demethylation in adipocyte biology: roles of DNMT and TET proteins in metabolic disorders |
| title_full_unstemmed | DNA methylation and demethylation in adipocyte biology: roles of DNMT and TET proteins in metabolic disorders |
| title_short | DNA methylation and demethylation in adipocyte biology: roles of DNMT and TET proteins in metabolic disorders |
| title_sort | dna methylation and demethylation in adipocyte biology roles of dnmt and tet proteins in metabolic disorders |
| topic | DNA methyltransferase family ten-eleven translocation proteins adipocyte biology DNA demethylation epigenetic mechanisms |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fendo.2025.1591152/full |
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