Examining the reach of a diabetes screening program in an urban emergency department

Background: Screening for diabetes in non-traditional settings like emergency departments (ED) can enhance early detection among patients at higher risk for diabetes. This study aims to assess the reach of an ED-based screening program by examining the characteristics of patients screen-detected for...

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Main Authors: Ruth A. Pobee, Kirstie K. Danielson, Angela Kong, Yuval Eisenberg, Brian T. Layden, Janet Lin
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2025-06-01
Series:Public Health in Practice
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Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666535224001149
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author Ruth A. Pobee
Kirstie K. Danielson
Angela Kong
Yuval Eisenberg
Brian T. Layden
Janet Lin
author_facet Ruth A. Pobee
Kirstie K. Danielson
Angela Kong
Yuval Eisenberg
Brian T. Layden
Janet Lin
author_sort Ruth A. Pobee
collection DOAJ
description Background: Screening for diabetes in non-traditional settings like emergency departments (ED) can enhance early detection among patients at higher risk for diabetes. This study aims to assess the reach of an ED-based screening program by examining the characteristics of patients screen-detected for diabetes or prediabetes. Study design: Retrospective cross-sectional study. Methods: Sociodemographic characteristics (age, gender, race and ethnicity, insurance, zip code) of patients who were screened for diabetes using hemoglobin A1c test (A1c) were examined. The distribution of prediabetes and diabetes within each race/ethnicity, age, and gender groups were determined. ArcGIS Pro 2.9.0 was used to geocode patient zip codes, to generate heat maps of high occurrences of prediabetes and diabetes. Results: Of the 5997 individuals screened in the ED, 49 % were non-Hispanic Black, 27 % Hispanic, 15 % non-Hispanic White, 5 % non-Hispanic Asian, and 4 % non-Hispanic Other/unknown. Almost half (47 %, n = 2808) had elevated A1c levels indicative of prediabetes (n = 2070; A1c: 5.7–6.4 %) or diabetes (n = 738; A1c: ≥6.5 %). Non-Hispanic Black females had a higher prevalence of both prediabetes (54 %) and diabetes (55 %) diagnoses as compared to other race/ethnic or gender categories; whereas non-Hispanic Asians had a lower prevalence of both prediabetes and diabetes except for those ≥65 years or older. Furthermore, most patients screened for prediabetes and diabetes reside in resource poor neighborhoods on the west and south sides of Chicago. Conclusion: The burden of prediabetes and diabetes were greater among non-Hispanic Black females, with a high prevalence of prediabetes observed among younger individuals, particularly those residing in resource poor neighborhoods in the west and south sides of Chicago. More investment in resources for diabetes prevention and management for these groups may be warranted.
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spelling doaj-art-b41397c5ec944be4acb2f03d651d804f2025-08-20T02:34:44ZengElsevierPublic Health in Practice2666-53522025-06-01910057710.1016/j.puhip.2024.100577Examining the reach of a diabetes screening program in an urban emergency departmentRuth A. Pobee0Kirstie K. Danielson1Angela Kong2Yuval Eisenberg3Brian T. Layden4Janet Lin5UI Health/University of Illinois Chicago College of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine Chicago, Illinois, USA; Corresponding author.UI Health/University of Illinois Chicago College of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism Chicago, Illinois, USAUI Health/University of Illinois Chicago College of Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacy Systems, Outcomes, and Policy Chicago, Illinois, USAUI Health/University of Illinois Chicago College of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism Chicago, Illinois, USAUI Health/University of Illinois Chicago College of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism Chicago, Illinois, USA; Jesse Brown VA medical center, Chicago, IL, USAUI Health/University of Illinois Chicago College of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine Chicago, Illinois, USABackground: Screening for diabetes in non-traditional settings like emergency departments (ED) can enhance early detection among patients at higher risk for diabetes. This study aims to assess the reach of an ED-based screening program by examining the characteristics of patients screen-detected for diabetes or prediabetes. Study design: Retrospective cross-sectional study. Methods: Sociodemographic characteristics (age, gender, race and ethnicity, insurance, zip code) of patients who were screened for diabetes using hemoglobin A1c test (A1c) were examined. The distribution of prediabetes and diabetes within each race/ethnicity, age, and gender groups were determined. ArcGIS Pro 2.9.0 was used to geocode patient zip codes, to generate heat maps of high occurrences of prediabetes and diabetes. Results: Of the 5997 individuals screened in the ED, 49 % were non-Hispanic Black, 27 % Hispanic, 15 % non-Hispanic White, 5 % non-Hispanic Asian, and 4 % non-Hispanic Other/unknown. Almost half (47 %, n = 2808) had elevated A1c levels indicative of prediabetes (n = 2070; A1c: 5.7–6.4 %) or diabetes (n = 738; A1c: ≥6.5 %). Non-Hispanic Black females had a higher prevalence of both prediabetes (54 %) and diabetes (55 %) diagnoses as compared to other race/ethnic or gender categories; whereas non-Hispanic Asians had a lower prevalence of both prediabetes and diabetes except for those ≥65 years or older. Furthermore, most patients screened for prediabetes and diabetes reside in resource poor neighborhoods on the west and south sides of Chicago. Conclusion: The burden of prediabetes and diabetes were greater among non-Hispanic Black females, with a high prevalence of prediabetes observed among younger individuals, particularly those residing in resource poor neighborhoods in the west and south sides of Chicago. More investment in resources for diabetes prevention and management for these groups may be warranted.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666535224001149RaceEthnicityDiabetesPrediabetesEDReach
spellingShingle Ruth A. Pobee
Kirstie K. Danielson
Angela Kong
Yuval Eisenberg
Brian T. Layden
Janet Lin
Examining the reach of a diabetes screening program in an urban emergency department
Public Health in Practice
Race
Ethnicity
Diabetes
Prediabetes
ED
Reach
title Examining the reach of a diabetes screening program in an urban emergency department
title_full Examining the reach of a diabetes screening program in an urban emergency department
title_fullStr Examining the reach of a diabetes screening program in an urban emergency department
title_full_unstemmed Examining the reach of a diabetes screening program in an urban emergency department
title_short Examining the reach of a diabetes screening program in an urban emergency department
title_sort examining the reach of a diabetes screening program in an urban emergency department
topic Race
Ethnicity
Diabetes
Prediabetes
ED
Reach
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666535224001149
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