Effect of Different Media and Plant Hormone Concentrations on Callus Induction and Regeneration of Red Squill (<i>Squilla maura</i>) and Peruvian Squill (<i>Oncostema peruviana</i>)
Two bulbous plant species, <i>Squilla maura</i> and <i>Oncostema peruviana</i> (Asparagaceae), show particularly interesting ornamental and medicinal characteristics. Micropropagation could be a promising alternative method to accelerate their naturally slow spreading pattern...
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2025-01-01
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| author | Ibtisam Chakrane Omar Chlyah Said Boughribil Fatima Gaboun Meriem Mdarhri Alaoui |
| author_facet | Ibtisam Chakrane Omar Chlyah Said Boughribil Fatima Gaboun Meriem Mdarhri Alaoui |
| author_sort | Ibtisam Chakrane |
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| description | Two bulbous plant species, <i>Squilla maura</i> and <i>Oncostema peruviana</i> (Asparagaceae), show particularly interesting ornamental and medicinal characteristics. Micropropagation could be a promising alternative method to accelerate their naturally slow spreading pattern. This study focused on the effects of different growth regulators and culture media on callus induction and shoot regeneration, from which an effective protocol was established. Leaf explants were cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS), MS/2, or B5 medium, containing one auxin—1-Naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2.4-D), or 3-indolebutyric acid (IBA)—combined with the cytokinin 6-Benzylaminopurine (BAP), at various concentrations. All treatments resulted in callogenesis rates between 65–100% for both species. These treatments led to direct bulbil regeneration. Among the treatments, the B5 medium with 1 mgL<sup>−1</sup> BAP and 1 mgL<sup>−1</sup> 2,4-D gave the highest regeneration rate (89.2%) for <i>O. peruviana</i>, while the ½MS medium with 0.5 mgL<sup>−1</sup> BAP and 0.5 mgL<sup>−1</sup> NAA showed the highest regeneration rate (85.5%) for <i>S. maura</i>. The highest mean number of bulils per explant was 7.44 for <i>O. peruviana</i> on the MS medium (0.5 mgL<sup>−1</sup> BAP and 2 mgL<sup>−1</sup> IBA), and 9.5 for <i>S. maura</i> on the MS medium (1 mgL<sup>−1</sup> BAP and 0.5 mgL<sup>−1</sup> NAA). The regenerated bulbils were transferred for multiplication to the MS medium with a hormone combination (2 mgL<sup>−1</sup> BAP and 0.2 mgL<sup>−1</sup> NAA) which increased the multiplication rate compared to the callus induction me dium, with a highest recorded multiplication rate of 177 (<i>O. peruviana</i>) and 104.33 (<i>S. maura</i>). The propagation stage achieved the highest number of bulbils/explant after a second subculture for the two species. An efficient micropropagation protocol was established for <i>S. maura,</i> which answers our main objective, and it would contribute to their conservation and sustainable use in ornamental and medicinal applications. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-b3f28bdb046c461aa3c5d75c486b0e66 |
| institution | Kabale University |
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| spelling | doaj-art-b3f28bdb046c461aa3c5d75c486b0e662025-08-20T03:43:39ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Plant Biology2037-01642025-01-01161410.3390/ijpb16010004Effect of Different Media and Plant Hormone Concentrations on Callus Induction and Regeneration of Red Squill (<i>Squilla maura</i>) and Peruvian Squill (<i>Oncostema peruviana</i>)Ibtisam Chakrane0Omar Chlyah1Said Boughribil2Fatima Gaboun3Meriem Mdarhri Alaoui4Biotechnology Unit, National Institute of Agricultural Research (INRA), Rabat BP 415 RP, MoroccoLaboratory of Plant Physiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat BP 1014, MoroccoLaboratory of Virology Microbiology, Quality and Biotechnologies/Ecotoxicology and Biodiversity, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques-Mohammadia, Hassan II University of Casablanca, Casablanca BP 7955, MoroccoBiotechnology Unit, National Institute of Agricultural Research (INRA), Rabat BP 415 RP, MoroccoBiotechnology Unit, National Institute of Agricultural Research (INRA), Rabat BP 415 RP, MoroccoTwo bulbous plant species, <i>Squilla maura</i> and <i>Oncostema peruviana</i> (Asparagaceae), show particularly interesting ornamental and medicinal characteristics. Micropropagation could be a promising alternative method to accelerate their naturally slow spreading pattern. This study focused on the effects of different growth regulators and culture media on callus induction and shoot regeneration, from which an effective protocol was established. Leaf explants were cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS), MS/2, or B5 medium, containing one auxin—1-Naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2.4-D), or 3-indolebutyric acid (IBA)—combined with the cytokinin 6-Benzylaminopurine (BAP), at various concentrations. All treatments resulted in callogenesis rates between 65–100% for both species. These treatments led to direct bulbil regeneration. Among the treatments, the B5 medium with 1 mgL<sup>−1</sup> BAP and 1 mgL<sup>−1</sup> 2,4-D gave the highest regeneration rate (89.2%) for <i>O. peruviana</i>, while the ½MS medium with 0.5 mgL<sup>−1</sup> BAP and 0.5 mgL<sup>−1</sup> NAA showed the highest regeneration rate (85.5%) for <i>S. maura</i>. The highest mean number of bulils per explant was 7.44 for <i>O. peruviana</i> on the MS medium (0.5 mgL<sup>−1</sup> BAP and 2 mgL<sup>−1</sup> IBA), and 9.5 for <i>S. maura</i> on the MS medium (1 mgL<sup>−1</sup> BAP and 0.5 mgL<sup>−1</sup> NAA). The regenerated bulbils were transferred for multiplication to the MS medium with a hormone combination (2 mgL<sup>−1</sup> BAP and 0.2 mgL<sup>−1</sup> NAA) which increased the multiplication rate compared to the callus induction me dium, with a highest recorded multiplication rate of 177 (<i>O. peruviana</i>) and 104.33 (<i>S. maura</i>). The propagation stage achieved the highest number of bulbils/explant after a second subculture for the two species. An efficient micropropagation protocol was established for <i>S. maura,</i> which answers our main objective, and it would contribute to their conservation and sustainable use in ornamental and medicinal applications.https://www.mdpi.com/2037-0164/16/1/4<i>Squilla maura</i><i>Oncostema peruviana</i>micropropagationcallusesplant hormonesregeneration |
| spellingShingle | Ibtisam Chakrane Omar Chlyah Said Boughribil Fatima Gaboun Meriem Mdarhri Alaoui Effect of Different Media and Plant Hormone Concentrations on Callus Induction and Regeneration of Red Squill (<i>Squilla maura</i>) and Peruvian Squill (<i>Oncostema peruviana</i>) International Journal of Plant Biology <i>Squilla maura</i> <i>Oncostema peruviana</i> micropropagation calluses plant hormones regeneration |
| title | Effect of Different Media and Plant Hormone Concentrations on Callus Induction and Regeneration of Red Squill (<i>Squilla maura</i>) and Peruvian Squill (<i>Oncostema peruviana</i>) |
| title_full | Effect of Different Media and Plant Hormone Concentrations on Callus Induction and Regeneration of Red Squill (<i>Squilla maura</i>) and Peruvian Squill (<i>Oncostema peruviana</i>) |
| title_fullStr | Effect of Different Media and Plant Hormone Concentrations on Callus Induction and Regeneration of Red Squill (<i>Squilla maura</i>) and Peruvian Squill (<i>Oncostema peruviana</i>) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effect of Different Media and Plant Hormone Concentrations on Callus Induction and Regeneration of Red Squill (<i>Squilla maura</i>) and Peruvian Squill (<i>Oncostema peruviana</i>) |
| title_short | Effect of Different Media and Plant Hormone Concentrations on Callus Induction and Regeneration of Red Squill (<i>Squilla maura</i>) and Peruvian Squill (<i>Oncostema peruviana</i>) |
| title_sort | effect of different media and plant hormone concentrations on callus induction and regeneration of red squill i squilla maura i and peruvian squill i oncostema peruviana i |
| topic | <i>Squilla maura</i> <i>Oncostema peruviana</i> micropropagation calluses plant hormones regeneration |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2037-0164/16/1/4 |
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