Genetic characterization and pathogenicity analysis of three porcine epidemic diarrhea virus strains isolated from North China
Abstract Porcine epidemic diarrhea (PED) is a highly contagious intestinal disease owing to porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) infection. It is extremely detrimental to newborn piglets and has caused huge economic losses to the global pig industry. In this study, three PEDV strains of G2a PEDV-W...
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BMC
2025-06-01
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13567-025-01554-4 |
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| author | Ying Liu Jinghui Fan Wenyuan Gu Yunhuan Zhao Shuai Zhang Yuzhu Zuo |
| author_facet | Ying Liu Jinghui Fan Wenyuan Gu Yunhuan Zhao Shuai Zhang Yuzhu Zuo |
| author_sort | Ying Liu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Porcine epidemic diarrhea (PED) is a highly contagious intestinal disease owing to porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) infection. It is extremely detrimental to newborn piglets and has caused huge economic losses to the global pig industry. In this study, three PEDV strains of G2a PEDV-WF/2023, G2b PEDV-SX/2024 and PEDV-HS/2024 were successfully isolated from small intestine tissue samples with the analysis of their molecular structure characteristics, genetic characteristics and pathogenicity. Notably, these three PEDV strains had multiple unique aa mutations and extensive N-glycosylation in the D0 region, S1-NTD, COE epitope and SS6, respectively. Therefore, their structures were different compared to CV777 and PT-P5 strains. Furthermore, all the three PEDV strains caused severe clinical symptoms in 1-day-old piglets after infection. Among them, G2a PEDV-WF/2023 was the most detrimental to piglets, with highly levels of viral RNA in vivo. In contrast, PEDV-HS/2024 showed relatively weak pathogenicity to piglets, but it also caused the death of piglets. It might be attributed to the occurrence of individual mutations consistent with the amino acid sequence of G1b subtype in PEDV-HS/2024 strain. Findings in this study allow us to confirm that the G2a PEDV-WF/2023 strain is currently one of the most harmful epidemic strains to piglets. This study may benefit our understanding of the molecular structure characteristics, evolution trend and transmission dynamics of the epidemic strains in China. Moreover, it may provide potential reference for formulating more targeted PEDV vaccines, preventing and controlling this infection, and further curbing the cross-species spread of PEDV. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-b3e3daf1c4bb4396932be8ac5aa57064 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 1297-9716 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-06-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
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| series | Veterinary Research |
| spelling | doaj-art-b3e3daf1c4bb4396932be8ac5aa570642025-08-20T02:40:15ZengBMCVeterinary Research1297-97162025-06-0156111710.1186/s13567-025-01554-4Genetic characterization and pathogenicity analysis of three porcine epidemic diarrhea virus strains isolated from North ChinaYing Liu0Jinghui Fan1Wenyuan Gu2Yunhuan Zhao3Shuai Zhang4Yuzhu Zuo5College of Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural UniversityCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural UniversityHebei Animal Disease Control CenterCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural UniversityCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural UniversityCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural UniversityAbstract Porcine epidemic diarrhea (PED) is a highly contagious intestinal disease owing to porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) infection. It is extremely detrimental to newborn piglets and has caused huge economic losses to the global pig industry. In this study, three PEDV strains of G2a PEDV-WF/2023, G2b PEDV-SX/2024 and PEDV-HS/2024 were successfully isolated from small intestine tissue samples with the analysis of their molecular structure characteristics, genetic characteristics and pathogenicity. Notably, these three PEDV strains had multiple unique aa mutations and extensive N-glycosylation in the D0 region, S1-NTD, COE epitope and SS6, respectively. Therefore, their structures were different compared to CV777 and PT-P5 strains. Furthermore, all the three PEDV strains caused severe clinical symptoms in 1-day-old piglets after infection. Among them, G2a PEDV-WF/2023 was the most detrimental to piglets, with highly levels of viral RNA in vivo. In contrast, PEDV-HS/2024 showed relatively weak pathogenicity to piglets, but it also caused the death of piglets. It might be attributed to the occurrence of individual mutations consistent with the amino acid sequence of G1b subtype in PEDV-HS/2024 strain. Findings in this study allow us to confirm that the G2a PEDV-WF/2023 strain is currently one of the most harmful epidemic strains to piglets. This study may benefit our understanding of the molecular structure characteristics, evolution trend and transmission dynamics of the epidemic strains in China. Moreover, it may provide potential reference for formulating more targeted PEDV vaccines, preventing and controlling this infection, and further curbing the cross-species spread of PEDV.https://doi.org/10.1186/s13567-025-01554-4PEDVS proteinmolecular structure characterizationevolution trendpathogenic analysis |
| spellingShingle | Ying Liu Jinghui Fan Wenyuan Gu Yunhuan Zhao Shuai Zhang Yuzhu Zuo Genetic characterization and pathogenicity analysis of three porcine epidemic diarrhea virus strains isolated from North China Veterinary Research PEDV S protein molecular structure characterization evolution trend pathogenic analysis |
| title | Genetic characterization and pathogenicity analysis of three porcine epidemic diarrhea virus strains isolated from North China |
| title_full | Genetic characterization and pathogenicity analysis of three porcine epidemic diarrhea virus strains isolated from North China |
| title_fullStr | Genetic characterization and pathogenicity analysis of three porcine epidemic diarrhea virus strains isolated from North China |
| title_full_unstemmed | Genetic characterization and pathogenicity analysis of three porcine epidemic diarrhea virus strains isolated from North China |
| title_short | Genetic characterization and pathogenicity analysis of three porcine epidemic diarrhea virus strains isolated from North China |
| title_sort | genetic characterization and pathogenicity analysis of three porcine epidemic diarrhea virus strains isolated from north china |
| topic | PEDV S protein molecular structure characterization evolution trend pathogenic analysis |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13567-025-01554-4 |
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