Reliability of Schirmer and Phenol Red Thread test value on dry eye patients
Background: The repeatability of the Schirmer test (ST) and Phenol Red Thread test (PRT) has been investigated thoroughly on patients with normal tear function; however, it is limited to dry eye patients. Aim: This study aimed to compare the reliability of the ST and PRT on young adults with dry ey...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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AOSIS
2025-01-01
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| Series: | African Vision and Eye Health |
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| Online Access: | https://avehjournal.org/index.php/aveh/article/view/946 |
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| author | Urvashni Nirghin Tharuna Govender Yeshalya Hirachund Rorisang Mosololi Hlengiwe Nxumalo Sumaya Patel Philani Zwane Khathutshelo P. Mashige |
| author_facet | Urvashni Nirghin Tharuna Govender Yeshalya Hirachund Rorisang Mosololi Hlengiwe Nxumalo Sumaya Patel Philani Zwane Khathutshelo P. Mashige |
| author_sort | Urvashni Nirghin |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: The repeatability of the Schirmer test (ST) and Phenol Red Thread test (PRT) has been investigated thoroughly on patients with normal tear function; however, it is limited to dry eye patients.
Aim: This study aimed to compare the reliability of the ST and PRT on young adults with dry eyes.
Setting: University of KwaZulu-Natal Eye Clinic.
Methods: Forty-eight young adults (mean age 20.65 ± 1.71 years) participated in the study. Preliminary tests excluded dry eye-related abnormalities. Novesin (0.4%) was instilled into the right eye of each participant, followed by the administration of the ST and PRT, 5 min apart, then re-administered after a 10-min interval. The retest was conducted 1 week later with the PRT being performed first to minimise bias.
Results: The intra-session correlation of the ST and the PRT was poor (ICC 0.5) and the difference was statistically significant (P 0.05). The inter-session correlation for the PRT was poor (ICC = 0.432) while the ST was moderate (ICC = 0.567) with no statistical difference observed for all parameters (P 0.05). The Bland–Altman plots for intra- and inter-session indicate that 96% of observations fell within the 95% limits of agreement.
Conclusion: The ST and PRT demonstrated good intra-session and inter-session reliability, with ST showing better inter-session agreement than the PRT.
Contribution: The ST and the PRT provide consistent and reproducible results on dry eye patients when conducted on the same individuals at different time points. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-b3c974f905bd4b4fb088ef6a4c1149cf |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2413-3183 2410-1516 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | AOSIS |
| record_format | Article |
| series | African Vision and Eye Health |
| spelling | doaj-art-b3c974f905bd4b4fb088ef6a4c1149cf2025-02-11T13:22:59ZengAOSISAfrican Vision and Eye Health2413-31832410-15162025-01-01841e1e610.4102/aveh.v84i1.946616Reliability of Schirmer and Phenol Red Thread test value on dry eye patientsUrvashni Nirghin0Tharuna Govender1Yeshalya Hirachund2Rorisang Mosololi3Hlengiwe Nxumalo4Sumaya Patel5Philani Zwane6Khathutshelo P. Mashige7Department of Optometry, Faculty of Health Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, DurbanDepartment of Optometry, Faculty of Health Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, DurbanDepartment of Optometry, Faculty of Health Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, DurbanDepartment of Optometry, Faculty of Health Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, DurbanDepartment of Optometry, Faculty of Health Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, DurbanDepartment of Optometry, Faculty of Health Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, DurbanDepartment of Optometry, Faculty of Health Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, DurbanDepartment of Optometry, Faculty of Health Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, DurbanBackground: The repeatability of the Schirmer test (ST) and Phenol Red Thread test (PRT) has been investigated thoroughly on patients with normal tear function; however, it is limited to dry eye patients. Aim: This study aimed to compare the reliability of the ST and PRT on young adults with dry eyes. Setting: University of KwaZulu-Natal Eye Clinic. Methods: Forty-eight young adults (mean age 20.65 ± 1.71 years) participated in the study. Preliminary tests excluded dry eye-related abnormalities. Novesin (0.4%) was instilled into the right eye of each participant, followed by the administration of the ST and PRT, 5 min apart, then re-administered after a 10-min interval. The retest was conducted 1 week later with the PRT being performed first to minimise bias. Results: The intra-session correlation of the ST and the PRT was poor (ICC 0.5) and the difference was statistically significant (P 0.05). The inter-session correlation for the PRT was poor (ICC = 0.432) while the ST was moderate (ICC = 0.567) with no statistical difference observed for all parameters (P 0.05). The Bland–Altman plots for intra- and inter-session indicate that 96% of observations fell within the 95% limits of agreement. Conclusion: The ST and PRT demonstrated good intra-session and inter-session reliability, with ST showing better inter-session agreement than the PRT. Contribution: The ST and the PRT provide consistent and reproducible results on dry eye patients when conducted on the same individuals at different time points.https://avehjournal.org/index.php/aveh/article/view/946dry eyeschirmer testphenol red thread testreliabilityintra-sessionintersession |
| spellingShingle | Urvashni Nirghin Tharuna Govender Yeshalya Hirachund Rorisang Mosololi Hlengiwe Nxumalo Sumaya Patel Philani Zwane Khathutshelo P. Mashige Reliability of Schirmer and Phenol Red Thread test value on dry eye patients African Vision and Eye Health dry eye schirmer test phenol red thread test reliability intra-session intersession |
| title | Reliability of Schirmer and Phenol Red Thread test value on dry eye patients |
| title_full | Reliability of Schirmer and Phenol Red Thread test value on dry eye patients |
| title_fullStr | Reliability of Schirmer and Phenol Red Thread test value on dry eye patients |
| title_full_unstemmed | Reliability of Schirmer and Phenol Red Thread test value on dry eye patients |
| title_short | Reliability of Schirmer and Phenol Red Thread test value on dry eye patients |
| title_sort | reliability of schirmer and phenol red thread test value on dry eye patients |
| topic | dry eye schirmer test phenol red thread test reliability intra-session intersession |
| url | https://avehjournal.org/index.php/aveh/article/view/946 |
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