Lithium Iron Phosphate Battery Regeneration and Recycling: Techniques and Efficiency
This study investigates advanced strategies for r regenerating and recycling lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO<sub>4</sub>, LFP) materials from spent lithium-ion batteries. Recovery techniques are categorized into direct regeneration, which restores positive electrode materials with high el...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2025-03-01
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| Series: | Batteries |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2313-0105/11/4/136 |
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| author | Alexandra Kosenko Antonina Bolotova Konstantin Pushnitsa Pavel Novikov Anatoliy A. Popovich |
| author_facet | Alexandra Kosenko Antonina Bolotova Konstantin Pushnitsa Pavel Novikov Anatoliy A. Popovich |
| author_sort | Alexandra Kosenko |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This study investigates advanced strategies for r regenerating and recycling lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO<sub>4</sub>, LFP) materials from spent lithium-ion batteries. Recovery techniques are categorized into direct regeneration, which restores positive electrode materials with high electrochemical performance, and recycling, which produces intermediate compounds such as lithium carbonate and iron phosphate. Additionally, resynthesis methods are explored to convert recovered precursors into high-quality LFP materials, ensuring their reuse in battery production. Innovative approaches, including carbothermic reduction, doping, and hydrothermal resynthesis, are highlighted for their ability to enhance material properties, improve energy efficiency, and maintain the olivine structure of LFP. Key advancements include the use of eco-friendly reagents, automation, and optimization strategies to reduce environmental impacts and costs. Regenerated and resynthesized positive electrodes demonstrated performance metrics comparable to or exceeding commercial LFP, showcasing their potential for widespread application. This work underscores the importance of closed-loop recycling systems and identifies pathways for scaling, improving economic feasibility, and minimizing the ecological footprint of the lithium-ion battery lifecycle. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-b3c6bf3fd0c54143a15a5a0ce6caf9ce |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2313-0105 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Batteries |
| spelling | doaj-art-b3c6bf3fd0c54143a15a5a0ce6caf9ce2025-08-20T02:24:42ZengMDPI AGBatteries2313-01052025-03-0111413610.3390/batteries11040136Lithium Iron Phosphate Battery Regeneration and Recycling: Techniques and EfficiencyAlexandra Kosenko0Antonina Bolotova1Konstantin Pushnitsa2Pavel Novikov3Anatoliy A. Popovich4Institute of Machinery, Materials and Transport, Peter the Great Saint Petersburg Polytechnic University, Politechnicheskaya Ul. 29, 195251 Saint Petersburg, RussiaInstitute of Machinery, Materials and Transport, Peter the Great Saint Petersburg Polytechnic University, Politechnicheskaya Ul. 29, 195251 Saint Petersburg, RussiaInstitute of Machinery, Materials and Transport, Peter the Great Saint Petersburg Polytechnic University, Politechnicheskaya Ul. 29, 195251 Saint Petersburg, RussiaInstitute of Machinery, Materials and Transport, Peter the Great Saint Petersburg Polytechnic University, Politechnicheskaya Ul. 29, 195251 Saint Petersburg, RussiaInstitute of Machinery, Materials and Transport, Peter the Great Saint Petersburg Polytechnic University, Politechnicheskaya Ul. 29, 195251 Saint Petersburg, RussiaThis study investigates advanced strategies for r regenerating and recycling lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO<sub>4</sub>, LFP) materials from spent lithium-ion batteries. Recovery techniques are categorized into direct regeneration, which restores positive electrode materials with high electrochemical performance, and recycling, which produces intermediate compounds such as lithium carbonate and iron phosphate. Additionally, resynthesis methods are explored to convert recovered precursors into high-quality LFP materials, ensuring their reuse in battery production. Innovative approaches, including carbothermic reduction, doping, and hydrothermal resynthesis, are highlighted for their ability to enhance material properties, improve energy efficiency, and maintain the olivine structure of LFP. Key advancements include the use of eco-friendly reagents, automation, and optimization strategies to reduce environmental impacts and costs. Regenerated and resynthesized positive electrodes demonstrated performance metrics comparable to or exceeding commercial LFP, showcasing their potential for widespread application. This work underscores the importance of closed-loop recycling systems and identifies pathways for scaling, improving economic feasibility, and minimizing the ecological footprint of the lithium-ion battery lifecycle.https://www.mdpi.com/2313-0105/11/4/136lithium iron phosphatedirect regenerationrecoveryresynthesisrecyclingspent lithium-ion battery |
| spellingShingle | Alexandra Kosenko Antonina Bolotova Konstantin Pushnitsa Pavel Novikov Anatoliy A. Popovich Lithium Iron Phosphate Battery Regeneration and Recycling: Techniques and Efficiency Batteries lithium iron phosphate direct regeneration recovery resynthesis recycling spent lithium-ion battery |
| title | Lithium Iron Phosphate Battery Regeneration and Recycling: Techniques and Efficiency |
| title_full | Lithium Iron Phosphate Battery Regeneration and Recycling: Techniques and Efficiency |
| title_fullStr | Lithium Iron Phosphate Battery Regeneration and Recycling: Techniques and Efficiency |
| title_full_unstemmed | Lithium Iron Phosphate Battery Regeneration and Recycling: Techniques and Efficiency |
| title_short | Lithium Iron Phosphate Battery Regeneration and Recycling: Techniques and Efficiency |
| title_sort | lithium iron phosphate battery regeneration and recycling techniques and efficiency |
| topic | lithium iron phosphate direct regeneration recovery resynthesis recycling spent lithium-ion battery |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2313-0105/11/4/136 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT alexandrakosenko lithiumironphosphatebatteryregenerationandrecyclingtechniquesandefficiency AT antoninabolotova lithiumironphosphatebatteryregenerationandrecyclingtechniquesandefficiency AT konstantinpushnitsa lithiumironphosphatebatteryregenerationandrecyclingtechniquesandefficiency AT pavelnovikov lithiumironphosphatebatteryregenerationandrecyclingtechniquesandefficiency AT anatoliyapopovich lithiumironphosphatebatteryregenerationandrecyclingtechniquesandefficiency |