Magnesium Alginate as an Electrolyte for Magnesium Batteries
We present magnesium alginate as an aqueous polymer electrolyte for use in magnesium batteries. Alginates are polysaccharides extracted from algae, which form hydrogel materials upon interaction with divalent and trivalent cations. They are renewable, non-toxic, biocompatible materials that are wide...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Batteries |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2313-0105/11/1/16 |
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| author | Markus C. Kwakernaak Lindah K. Kiriinya Walter J. Legerstee Winok M. J. Berghmans Caspar G. T. Hofman Erik M. Kelder |
| author_facet | Markus C. Kwakernaak Lindah K. Kiriinya Walter J. Legerstee Winok M. J. Berghmans Caspar G. T. Hofman Erik M. Kelder |
| author_sort | Markus C. Kwakernaak |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | We present magnesium alginate as an aqueous polymer electrolyte for use in magnesium batteries. Alginates are polysaccharides extracted from algae, which form hydrogel materials upon interaction with divalent and trivalent cations. They are renewable, non-toxic, biocompatible materials that are widely used in the food and pharmaceutical industries. Mg<sup>2+</sup> is weakly bound to an alginate polymer, which results in a hydrogel-like material that contains mobile magnesium ions. We propose that this is the ideal situation for an electrolyte that behaves in a similar way as a ‘water-in-salt’ system. Magnesium alginate was successfully synthesized and characterized by FTIR, XRD, and PDF. Ionic conductivity was measured with EIS measurements; a 2 wt% magnesium electrolyte shows a conductivity of 1.8 mS/cm. During conductivity experiments, we noticed the formation of a black layer on magnesium electrodes, which can improve the ionic conductivity between the electrodes. We carefully characterized this layer with XPS and saw that it mainly consists of alginate derivatives. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-b3aa2a47d0e04c1a9e4f6d1bbd6a6560 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2313-0105 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Batteries |
| spelling | doaj-art-b3aa2a47d0e04c1a9e4f6d1bbd6a65602025-01-24T13:22:25ZengMDPI AGBatteries2313-01052025-01-011111610.3390/batteries11010016Magnesium Alginate as an Electrolyte for Magnesium BatteriesMarkus C. Kwakernaak0Lindah K. Kiriinya1Walter J. Legerstee2Winok M. J. Berghmans3Caspar G. T. Hofman4Erik M. Kelder5Department of Radiation Science & Technology, Delft University of Technology, Mekelweg 15, 2629 JB Delft, The NetherlandsDepartment of Radiation Science & Technology, Delft University of Technology, Mekelweg 15, 2629 JB Delft, The NetherlandsDepartment of Radiation Science & Technology, Delft University of Technology, Mekelweg 15, 2629 JB Delft, The NetherlandsDepartment of Radiation Science & Technology, Delft University of Technology, Mekelweg 15, 2629 JB Delft, The NetherlandsDepartment of Radiation Science & Technology, Delft University of Technology, Mekelweg 15, 2629 JB Delft, The NetherlandsDepartment of Radiation Science & Technology, Delft University of Technology, Mekelweg 15, 2629 JB Delft, The NetherlandsWe present magnesium alginate as an aqueous polymer electrolyte for use in magnesium batteries. Alginates are polysaccharides extracted from algae, which form hydrogel materials upon interaction with divalent and trivalent cations. They are renewable, non-toxic, biocompatible materials that are widely used in the food and pharmaceutical industries. Mg<sup>2+</sup> is weakly bound to an alginate polymer, which results in a hydrogel-like material that contains mobile magnesium ions. We propose that this is the ideal situation for an electrolyte that behaves in a similar way as a ‘water-in-salt’ system. Magnesium alginate was successfully synthesized and characterized by FTIR, XRD, and PDF. Ionic conductivity was measured with EIS measurements; a 2 wt% magnesium electrolyte shows a conductivity of 1.8 mS/cm. During conductivity experiments, we noticed the formation of a black layer on magnesium electrodes, which can improve the ionic conductivity between the electrodes. We carefully characterized this layer with XPS and saw that it mainly consists of alginate derivatives.https://www.mdpi.com/2313-0105/11/1/16magnesium alginateaqueous electrolytepassivation layer |
| spellingShingle | Markus C. Kwakernaak Lindah K. Kiriinya Walter J. Legerstee Winok M. J. Berghmans Caspar G. T. Hofman Erik M. Kelder Magnesium Alginate as an Electrolyte for Magnesium Batteries Batteries magnesium alginate aqueous electrolyte passivation layer |
| title | Magnesium Alginate as an Electrolyte for Magnesium Batteries |
| title_full | Magnesium Alginate as an Electrolyte for Magnesium Batteries |
| title_fullStr | Magnesium Alginate as an Electrolyte for Magnesium Batteries |
| title_full_unstemmed | Magnesium Alginate as an Electrolyte for Magnesium Batteries |
| title_short | Magnesium Alginate as an Electrolyte for Magnesium Batteries |
| title_sort | magnesium alginate as an electrolyte for magnesium batteries |
| topic | magnesium alginate aqueous electrolyte passivation layer |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2313-0105/11/1/16 |
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