Thioredoxin regulates T cell proliferation and aggravates the severity of influenza a virus infection

Abstract Different functional T lymphocytes play important roles in the progression of IAV infection, including proliferation, recruitment, and effector activity. However, the immune changes of T cells during IAV infection are unclear, and the related targets are still to be explored. In this study,...

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Main Authors: Li Shen, Jing Yang, Jin Liu, Yue Zhang, Yue Wu, Hong Xu
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2025-07-01
Series:Scientific Reports
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-10676-w
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author Li Shen
Jing Yang
Jin Liu
Yue Zhang
Yue Wu
Hong Xu
author_facet Li Shen
Jing Yang
Jin Liu
Yue Zhang
Yue Wu
Hong Xu
author_sort Li Shen
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Different functional T lymphocytes play important roles in the progression of IAV infection, including proliferation, recruitment, and effector activity. However, the immune changes of T cells during IAV infection are unclear, and the related targets are still to be explored. In this study, we used a multi-omics approach combining transcriptome and single-cell transcriptome analysis to identify TXN as a key target gene and elucidate its close association with T-cell proliferation. From these data, we identified 10 key differential genes through a combination of differential analysis, WGCNA, and Friends analysis and further identified that only TXN and S100A6 co-existed in the highly variable genes of proliferative T cells. Because TXN exhibits highly specific high expression in proliferative T cells, we focused on its related research and ultimately identified it as a target gene for IAV infection. Reports have suggested that simultaneous inhibition of the GSH and TXN pathways can effectively trigger cell death. This proves our hypothesis about a new direction of T cell death in IAV infection. Additionally, we found that T cell development after IAV infection was regulated and altered, but this study did not clearly explain whether it was negative regulation. In summary, we have identified TXN as a target gene involved in T cell proliferation during IAV infection, and we suggest that its expression may be associated with non-apoptotic forms of T cell death.
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issn 2045-2322
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publishDate 2025-07-01
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series Scientific Reports
spelling doaj-art-b38fbd7cb67640a7a06f1a27a22b2e9b2025-08-20T04:01:51ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222025-07-0115111310.1038/s41598-025-10676-wThioredoxin regulates T cell proliferation and aggravates the severity of influenza a virus infectionLi Shen0Jing Yang1Jin Liu2Yue Zhang3Yue Wu4Hong Xu5Clinical Laboratory, Zhenjiang Center for Disease Control and PreventionClinical Laboratory, Zhenjiang Center for Disease Control and PreventionClinical Laboratory, Zhenjiang Center for Disease Control and PreventionClinical Laboratory, Zhenjiang Center for Disease Control and PreventionClinical Laboratory, Zhenjiang Center for Disease Control and PreventionClinical Laboratory, Zhenjiang Center for Disease Control and PreventionAbstract Different functional T lymphocytes play important roles in the progression of IAV infection, including proliferation, recruitment, and effector activity. However, the immune changes of T cells during IAV infection are unclear, and the related targets are still to be explored. In this study, we used a multi-omics approach combining transcriptome and single-cell transcriptome analysis to identify TXN as a key target gene and elucidate its close association with T-cell proliferation. From these data, we identified 10 key differential genes through a combination of differential analysis, WGCNA, and Friends analysis and further identified that only TXN and S100A6 co-existed in the highly variable genes of proliferative T cells. Because TXN exhibits highly specific high expression in proliferative T cells, we focused on its related research and ultimately identified it as a target gene for IAV infection. Reports have suggested that simultaneous inhibition of the GSH and TXN pathways can effectively trigger cell death. This proves our hypothesis about a new direction of T cell death in IAV infection. Additionally, we found that T cell development after IAV infection was regulated and altered, but this study did not clearly explain whether it was negative regulation. In summary, we have identified TXN as a target gene involved in T cell proliferation during IAV infection, and we suggest that its expression may be associated with non-apoptotic forms of T cell death.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-10676-wInfluenza A virusMulti-omicsTXNBioinformatic analysis
spellingShingle Li Shen
Jing Yang
Jin Liu
Yue Zhang
Yue Wu
Hong Xu
Thioredoxin regulates T cell proliferation and aggravates the severity of influenza a virus infection
Scientific Reports
Influenza A virus
Multi-omics
TXN
Bioinformatic analysis
title Thioredoxin regulates T cell proliferation and aggravates the severity of influenza a virus infection
title_full Thioredoxin regulates T cell proliferation and aggravates the severity of influenza a virus infection
title_fullStr Thioredoxin regulates T cell proliferation and aggravates the severity of influenza a virus infection
title_full_unstemmed Thioredoxin regulates T cell proliferation and aggravates the severity of influenza a virus infection
title_short Thioredoxin regulates T cell proliferation and aggravates the severity of influenza a virus infection
title_sort thioredoxin regulates t cell proliferation and aggravates the severity of influenza a virus infection
topic Influenza A virus
Multi-omics
TXN
Bioinformatic analysis
url https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-10676-w
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