Inflammatory Indices and Preterm Delivery: A New Horizon in Obstetric Risk Assessment

<b>Objective:</b> Preterm delivery is a leading cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality globally, with inflammation playing a crucial role in its pathophysiology. This study aimed to evaluate the predictive value of systemic inflammatory response indices in identifying pregnant women a...

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Main Author: Samet Kırat
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-05-01
Series:Diagnostics
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/15/10/1188
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author Samet Kırat
author_facet Samet Kırat
author_sort Samet Kırat
collection DOAJ
description <b>Objective:</b> Preterm delivery is a leading cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality globally, with inflammation playing a crucial role in its pathophysiology. This study aimed to evaluate the predictive value of systemic inflammatory response indices in identifying pregnant women at risk of preterm delivery. <b>Methods:</b> This retrospective study analyzed data from 1128 pregnant women admitted to a tertiary care hospital between 2020 and 2025. Patients were classified into two groups: preterm delivery (<i>n</i> = 528) and term delivery (<i>n</i> = 600). Demographic characteristics, obstetric history, neonatal outcomes, and inflammatory indices were compared. <b>Results:</b> The preterm delivery group showed a significantly higher systemic inflammatory response index (SIRI) (<i>p</i> < 0.001), systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) (<i>p</i> < 0.001), neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) (<i>p</i> < 0.001), and monocyte/lymphocyte ratio (MLR) (<i>p</i> < 0.001) than the term delivery group, while platelet/lymphocyte ratio (PLR) levels were significantly lower (<i>p</i> = 0.002). Inflammatory indices were higher in early preterm delivery cases (<i>p</i> < 0.001) than in middle and late preterm cases. Multivariate logistic regression identified the SIRI (<i>p</i> = 0.015) and NLR (<i>p</i> < 0.001) as independent predictors of preterm delivery, while the PLR showed an inverse association (<i>p</i> = 0.002). Higher inflammatory indices correlated with lower 1st and 5th minute APGAR scores (<i>p</i> < 0.001) and increased neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission rates (<i>p</i> < 0.001). NICU stay was prolonged in neonates born to mothers with elevated SIRI and NLR levels (<i>p</i> < 0.001). <b>Conclusions:</b> Integrating these inflammatory indices into obstetric risk assessment may enhance early detection and intervention strategies, potentially improving maternal and neonatal prognosis.
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spelling doaj-art-b36ceda12da043bd8dc511a60a41ad5b2025-08-20T03:14:31ZengMDPI AGDiagnostics2075-44182025-05-011510118810.3390/diagnostics15101188Inflammatory Indices and Preterm Delivery: A New Horizon in Obstetric Risk AssessmentSamet Kırat0Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine, Kafkas University, Kars 36000, Turkey<b>Objective:</b> Preterm delivery is a leading cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality globally, with inflammation playing a crucial role in its pathophysiology. This study aimed to evaluate the predictive value of systemic inflammatory response indices in identifying pregnant women at risk of preterm delivery. <b>Methods:</b> This retrospective study analyzed data from 1128 pregnant women admitted to a tertiary care hospital between 2020 and 2025. Patients were classified into two groups: preterm delivery (<i>n</i> = 528) and term delivery (<i>n</i> = 600). Demographic characteristics, obstetric history, neonatal outcomes, and inflammatory indices were compared. <b>Results:</b> The preterm delivery group showed a significantly higher systemic inflammatory response index (SIRI) (<i>p</i> < 0.001), systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) (<i>p</i> < 0.001), neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) (<i>p</i> < 0.001), and monocyte/lymphocyte ratio (MLR) (<i>p</i> < 0.001) than the term delivery group, while platelet/lymphocyte ratio (PLR) levels were significantly lower (<i>p</i> = 0.002). Inflammatory indices were higher in early preterm delivery cases (<i>p</i> < 0.001) than in middle and late preterm cases. Multivariate logistic regression identified the SIRI (<i>p</i> = 0.015) and NLR (<i>p</i> < 0.001) as independent predictors of preterm delivery, while the PLR showed an inverse association (<i>p</i> = 0.002). Higher inflammatory indices correlated with lower 1st and 5th minute APGAR scores (<i>p</i> < 0.001) and increased neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission rates (<i>p</i> < 0.001). NICU stay was prolonged in neonates born to mothers with elevated SIRI and NLR levels (<i>p</i> < 0.001). <b>Conclusions:</b> Integrating these inflammatory indices into obstetric risk assessment may enhance early detection and intervention strategies, potentially improving maternal and neonatal prognosis.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/15/10/1188inflammationlymphocytesmonocytesneutrophilspreterm delivery
spellingShingle Samet Kırat
Inflammatory Indices and Preterm Delivery: A New Horizon in Obstetric Risk Assessment
Diagnostics
inflammation
lymphocytes
monocytes
neutrophils
preterm delivery
title Inflammatory Indices and Preterm Delivery: A New Horizon in Obstetric Risk Assessment
title_full Inflammatory Indices and Preterm Delivery: A New Horizon in Obstetric Risk Assessment
title_fullStr Inflammatory Indices and Preterm Delivery: A New Horizon in Obstetric Risk Assessment
title_full_unstemmed Inflammatory Indices and Preterm Delivery: A New Horizon in Obstetric Risk Assessment
title_short Inflammatory Indices and Preterm Delivery: A New Horizon in Obstetric Risk Assessment
title_sort inflammatory indices and preterm delivery a new horizon in obstetric risk assessment
topic inflammation
lymphocytes
monocytes
neutrophils
preterm delivery
url https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/15/10/1188
work_keys_str_mv AT sametkırat inflammatoryindicesandpretermdeliveryanewhorizoninobstetricriskassessment