Comparative evaluation of orthodontic mini-implants hygiene protocols on subgingival bacterial load

ABSTRACT Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of four hygiene protocols for orthodontic mini-implants in reducing the subgingival bacterial load in the peri-implant sulcus. Methods: Thirty-nine healthy individuals who had fifty-nine as-received mini-implants (20 men,...

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Main Authors: Amanda Osório Ayres de FREITAS, Ana Paula Vieira COLOMBO, Celuta Sales ALVIANO, Daniela Sales ALVIANO, Renata Martins do SOUTO, Deborah Catharine de Assis LEITE, Isabela Lopes Vale Pedrosa LIMA, Matilde da Cunha Gonçalves NOJIMA
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Dental Press Editora 2025-03-01
Series:Dental Press Journal of Orthodontics
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Online Access:http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S2176-94512025000100300&tlng=en
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author Amanda Osório Ayres de FREITAS
Ana Paula Vieira COLOMBO
Celuta Sales ALVIANO
Daniela Sales ALVIANO
Renata Martins do SOUTO
Deborah Catharine de Assis LEITE
Isabela Lopes Vale Pedrosa LIMA
Matilde da Cunha Gonçalves NOJIMA
author_facet Amanda Osório Ayres de FREITAS
Ana Paula Vieira COLOMBO
Celuta Sales ALVIANO
Daniela Sales ALVIANO
Renata Martins do SOUTO
Deborah Catharine de Assis LEITE
Isabela Lopes Vale Pedrosa LIMA
Matilde da Cunha Gonçalves NOJIMA
author_sort Amanda Osório Ayres de FREITAS
collection DOAJ
description ABSTRACT Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of four hygiene protocols for orthodontic mini-implants in reducing the subgingival bacterial load in the peri-implant sulcus. Methods: Thirty-nine healthy individuals who had fifty-nine as-received mini-implants (20 men, 19 women, 20 to 42 years old) were randomly distributed into four groups of hygiene protocols: mechanical hygiene (M); mechanical hygiene associated with 0.12% digluconate chlorhexidine (CHX), 0.03% triclosan (T), or 0.05% cetylpyridinium chloride (CP). All individuals were instructed regarding the hygiene procedures (T0). For bacterial load analysis, the gingival crevicular fluid from peri-implant sulcus was collected and submitted to quantitative real-time PCR at baseline (T1) and after 21 days following the hygiene protocols (T2). Wilcoxon test was applied for intergroup comparisons, whereas differences among groups at each time point were examined by Kruskal-Wallis test. The significance level was 5%. Results: Significant difference was detected between baseline and post-protocol times for bacterial total counts, comparing intergroup results, except for mechanical hygiene associated with cetylpyridinium chloride (M p=0.018, CHX p=0.028, T p=0.012, CP p=0.065). No significant difference was detected among the evaluated methods (p=0.181). Conclusions: The mechanical hygiene of orthodontic mini-implants itself was capable to reduce total bacteria load and keep devices clean. Commonly, orthodontists prescribe, in addition to mechanical biofilm removal, some protocols combining adjunctive chemical agents as chlorhexidine. The authors believe that results have large importance for dental community, as they can protect patients from overtreatment.
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spelling doaj-art-b36a03abbb7840e0b77e8ba7f093cc9e2025-08-20T02:53:54ZengDental Press EditoraDental Press Journal of Orthodontics2177-67092025-03-0130110.1590/2177-6709.30.1.e2524108.oarComparative evaluation of orthodontic mini-implants hygiene protocols on subgingival bacterial loadAmanda Osório Ayres de FREITAShttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-7811-9712Ana Paula Vieira COLOMBOhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2061-1840Celuta Sales ALVIANOhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-0806-6712Daniela Sales ALVIANOhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-1136-4865Renata Martins do SOUTOhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-1991-6994Deborah Catharine de Assis LEITEhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-7032-7373Isabela Lopes Vale Pedrosa LIMAhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-6329-549XMatilde da Cunha Gonçalves NOJIMAhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8830-939XABSTRACT Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of four hygiene protocols for orthodontic mini-implants in reducing the subgingival bacterial load in the peri-implant sulcus. Methods: Thirty-nine healthy individuals who had fifty-nine as-received mini-implants (20 men, 19 women, 20 to 42 years old) were randomly distributed into four groups of hygiene protocols: mechanical hygiene (M); mechanical hygiene associated with 0.12% digluconate chlorhexidine (CHX), 0.03% triclosan (T), or 0.05% cetylpyridinium chloride (CP). All individuals were instructed regarding the hygiene procedures (T0). For bacterial load analysis, the gingival crevicular fluid from peri-implant sulcus was collected and submitted to quantitative real-time PCR at baseline (T1) and after 21 days following the hygiene protocols (T2). Wilcoxon test was applied for intergroup comparisons, whereas differences among groups at each time point were examined by Kruskal-Wallis test. The significance level was 5%. Results: Significant difference was detected between baseline and post-protocol times for bacterial total counts, comparing intergroup results, except for mechanical hygiene associated with cetylpyridinium chloride (M p=0.018, CHX p=0.028, T p=0.012, CP p=0.065). No significant difference was detected among the evaluated methods (p=0.181). Conclusions: The mechanical hygiene of orthodontic mini-implants itself was capable to reduce total bacteria load and keep devices clean. Commonly, orthodontists prescribe, in addition to mechanical biofilm removal, some protocols combining adjunctive chemical agents as chlorhexidine. The authors believe that results have large importance for dental community, as they can protect patients from overtreatment.http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S2176-94512025000100300&tlng=enOrthodonticsOral hygieneOral bacteriaReal-time PCR
spellingShingle Amanda Osório Ayres de FREITAS
Ana Paula Vieira COLOMBO
Celuta Sales ALVIANO
Daniela Sales ALVIANO
Renata Martins do SOUTO
Deborah Catharine de Assis LEITE
Isabela Lopes Vale Pedrosa LIMA
Matilde da Cunha Gonçalves NOJIMA
Comparative evaluation of orthodontic mini-implants hygiene protocols on subgingival bacterial load
Dental Press Journal of Orthodontics
Orthodontics
Oral hygiene
Oral bacteria
Real-time PCR
title Comparative evaluation of orthodontic mini-implants hygiene protocols on subgingival bacterial load
title_full Comparative evaluation of orthodontic mini-implants hygiene protocols on subgingival bacterial load
title_fullStr Comparative evaluation of orthodontic mini-implants hygiene protocols on subgingival bacterial load
title_full_unstemmed Comparative evaluation of orthodontic mini-implants hygiene protocols on subgingival bacterial load
title_short Comparative evaluation of orthodontic mini-implants hygiene protocols on subgingival bacterial load
title_sort comparative evaluation of orthodontic mini implants hygiene protocols on subgingival bacterial load
topic Orthodontics
Oral hygiene
Oral bacteria
Real-time PCR
url http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S2176-94512025000100300&tlng=en
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